Umahluko ngokwesini kwiimpawu ze-ADHD

Umxholo

• I-ADHD kunye nesini
• Ukuqonda i-ADHD kuMantombazana
• Ukuqonda i-ADHD kuBafana
• Q:
• A:

Intsingiselo yokunqongophala kwengqondo (ADHD) yenye yezona meko zixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni. Sisifo se-neurodevelopmental disorder esibangela iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha ezingalunganga kunye nokuphazamisa. Iimpawu ze-ADHD zihlala zibandakanya ubunzima ekugxileni, ukuhlala uzolile, kunye nokuhlala uhlelekile. Uninzi lwabantwana lubonisa iimpawu zokuphazamiseka ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-7, kodwa abanye bahlala bengafumaneki de babe badala. Kukho umahluko obonakalayo kwindlela le meko ebonakala ngayo kubafana nakumantombazana. Oku kunokuchaphazela indlela i-ADHD eyamkelwa ngayo kunye nokuchongwa.

Njengomzali, kubalulekile ukuba ujonge yonke imiqondiso ye-ADHD kwaye ungasekeli izigqibo zonyango kwisini kuphela. Ungaze ucinge ukuba iimpawu ze-ADHD ziya kufana kumntwana ngamnye. Abantakwenu ababini banokuba ne-ADHD kodwa babonakalise iimpawu ezahlukeneyo kwaye baphendule ngcono kunyango olwahlukeneyo.

I-ADHD kunye nesini

Ngokwamakhwenkwe, amakhwenkwe amathuba aphindwe kathathu okufumana isifo se-ADHD kunamantombazana. Lo mahluko awunyanzelekanga ukuba amantombazana angachaphazeleki kangako kukuphazamiseka. Endaweni yokuba kusenokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-ADHD zikhona ngokwahlukileyo kumantombazana. Iimpawu zihlala zikhohlakala kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kunzima ukuzichonga.

ibonakalisile ukuba amakhwenkwe ane-ADHD ahlala ebonisa iimpawu zangaphandle, ezinje ngokusebenza kunye nokungxamiseka. Amantombazana ane-ADHD, kwelinye icala, abonisa iimpawu zangaphakathi. Ezi mpawu zibandakanya ukungakhathaleli kunye nokuzithemba okuphantsi. Amakhwenkwe nawo athambekele ekubeni ndlongondlongo ngokwasemzimbeni, ngelixa amantombazana ethanda ukuba krwada ngamazwi.

Kuba amantombazana ane-ADHD ahlala ebonisa iingxaki zokuziphatha ezimbalwa kunye neempawu ezingabonakali kangako, ubunzima babo bahlala butyeshelwa. Ngenxa yoko, abathunyelwa kuvavanyo okanye kunyango. Oku kungakhokelela kwiingxaki ezongezelelweyo kwixa elizayo.

Uphando lukwacebisa ukuba i-ADHD engafumanekiyo inokuba nefuthe elibi ekuzithembeni kwamantombazana. Inokuchaphazela nempilo yabo yengqondo. Amakhwenkwe ane-ADHD aqhele ukukhuphela ngaphandle ukukhathazeka kwawo. Kodwa amantombazana ane-ADHD ahlala ejikela iintlungu kunye nomsindo ngaphakathi. Oku kubeka amantombazana kumngcipheko okhulayo woxinzelelo, unxunguphalo kunye nengxaki yokutya. Amantombazana ane-ADHD engafumanekiyo nawo anakho amathuba okuba neengxaki esikolweni, kuseto lwentlalo, nakubudlelwane bobuhlobo kunamanye amantombazana.

Ukuqonda i-ADHD kuMantombazana

Amantombazana ane-ADHD ahlala ebonisa ukunganikeli ngqalelo kwesi sifo, ngelixa amakhwenkwe ahlala ebonisa iimpawu ezingasebenzi kakuhle. Ukuziphatha okuxhalabisayo kulula ukukubona ekhaya naseklasini kuba umntwana akakwazi ukuhlala azole kwaye aziphathe ngendlela engxamisekileyo okanye eyingozi. Ukuziphatha okungakhathaleli kuhlala kucacile. Umntwana akanakulindeleka ukuba aphazamise eklasini, kodwa uyakuphoswa zii-asayinimenti, alibale, okanye abonakale "enesithuba." Oku kunokuphazanyiswa ngobuvila okanye ukukhubazeka ekufundeni.

Kuba amantombazana ane-ADHD edla ngokungabonakalisi isimilo "esiqhelekileyo" se-ADHD, iimpawu zisenokungabonakali njengokuba kunjalo emakhwenkweni. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Ukurhoxiswa
• ukuzijongela phantsi
• ixhala
• ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• ubunzima ngokuphumelela kwizifundo
• ukungakhathaleli okanye utyekelo "lokuphupha emini"
• ingxaki ekujongeni
• ibonakala ingamameli
• ubundlongondlongo, njengokuhlekisa, ukugculela, okanye ukubiza igama elibi

Ukuqonda i-ADHD kuBafana

Nangona i-ADHD ihlala ichazwa emantombazaneni, inokuphoswa nakumakhwenkwe. Ngokwesiko, amakhwenkwe abonwa njengamandla. Ke ukuba bayabaleka bayodlala, inokuthi "ngamakhwenkwe nje". bonisa ukuba amakhwenkwe ane-ADHD anika ingxelo ye-hyperactivity kunye nokunyanzeliswa kunamantombazana. Kodwa kuyimpazamo ukucinga ukuba onke amakhwenkwe ane-ADHD akhuselekanga okanye anyanzelekile. Amanye amakhwenkwe abonisa ukunganikeli ngqalelo kwesi sifo. Basenokungafumaneki ngenxa yokuba bengaphazamiseki emzimbeni.

Amakhwenkwe ane-ADHD athambekele ekuboniseni iimpawu abantu abaninzi abacinga ngazo xa becinga ngokuziphatha kwe-ADHD. Ziquka:

• ukungxama okanye ukwenza "umdlalo"
• Uxinzelelo, njengokubaleka nokubetha
• ukungabikho kwengqwalaselo, kubandakanya ukungakhathaleli
• ukungakwazi ukuhlala phantsi
• Ubundlongondlongo
• ukuthetha ngokugqithileyo
• ukuphazamisa rhoqo iincoko kunye nemisebenzi yabanye abantu

Ngelixa iimpawu ze-ADHD zinokubonisa ngokwahlukileyo kumakhwenkwe namantombazana, kubalulekile ukuba baphathwe. Iimpawu ze-ADHD zihlala zinciphisa ubudala, kodwa zisenokuchaphazela iindawo ezininzi zobomi. Abantu abane-ADHD bahlala besilwa nesikolo, umsebenzi, kunye nobudlelwane. Kukwanokwenzeka ukuba baphuhlise ezinye iimeko, kubandakanya unxunguphalo, ukudakumba, kunye nokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho une-ADHD, bamse kugqirha ukuze avavanywe ngokukhawuleza. Ukufumana ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nonyango kunokuphucula iimpawu. Inokukunceda ukuthintela ezinye iingxaki ekubeni ziphuhle kwixesha elizayo.

Q:

Ngaba kukho iindlela zonyango ezahlukeneyo zamakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana ane-ADHD?

Umguli ongaziwayo

A:

Iinketho zonyango lwe-ADHD kumakhwenkwe namantombazana ziyafana. Endaweni yokujonga iyantlukwano ngokwesini, oogqirha bajonga umohluko okhoyo kuba wonke umntu uphendula amayeza ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ngokubanzi indibaniselwano yamayeza kunye nonyango lusebenza ngcono. Kungenxa yokuba ayizizo zonke iimpawu ze-ADHD ezinokulawulwa ngamayeza kuphela.

UTimothy J. Legg, PhD, PMHNP-BCAmpendulo zimele izimvo zeengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.