Ityhefu yeAntifreeze

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Ungalufumana nini uncedo
• Uthintelo lokuzibulala
• Yintoni unyango?
• Iingcebiso zokuthintela
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ushwankathelo

I-Antifreeze lulwelo olukhusela irediyetha ezimotweni ukuba zingagodoli okanye zibhebhethekise ubushushu. Ikwabizwa ngokuba njengesipholisi senjini. Nangona isekwe emanzini, i-antifreeze ikwaqulathe i-alcohol engamanzi efana ne-ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, kunye ne-methanol.

Ipropylene glycol ikwasisithako sokutya kunye nezithambiso. Ayithathwa njengeyingozi kwixabiso elincinci, ngokwe-Arhente yeZinto ezinobungozi kunye neRegistry yeZifo (i-ATSDR).

Kwelinye icala, i-ethylene glycol kunye ne-methanol ziyingozi kwaye zinetyhefu xa zifunxisiwe.

Kuthatha kuphela inani elincinci le-antifreeze ukutyhefuza umzimba womntu kwaye kubangele iingxaki ezisongela ubomi.

Kukho iinkcazo ezahlukeneyo zokuba kutheni umntu enokufaka i-antifreeze. Esinye isizathu kukuzenzakalisa ngabom. Kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba usele ngengozi le khemikhali. Oku kunokwenzeka xa i-antifreeze igalelwa kwiglasi okanye kolunye uhlobo lwesikhongozeli sesiselo kwaye iphosakele ngesiselo. Ngenxa yeli thuba, kubalulekile ukuqaphela iimpawu zetyhefu yokubola.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

I-Antifreeze ityhefu ingenzeka ngokuthe chu kwiiyure ezininzi, ngenxa yoko ngekhe ube neempawu kwangoko emva kokufaka ikhemikhali. Ukuba uziva uphilile, usenokude usibethe ngoyaba eso siganeko ngokungathi yinto nje yokufowuna. Kodwa imeko ayikho lula.

Njengoko umzimba wakho uthatha okanye udibanise i-antifreeze, ikhemikhali iguqulwa ibe ezinye izinto ezinobuthi ezifana:

• glycolaldehyde
• glycolic acid
• glyoxylic acid
• acetone
• i-formaldehyde

Umzimba wakho uthi chu ukusabela kwisinqanda-kubanda kwinkqubo yakho. Ixesha elithathayo lokuba uphawu lokuqala lubonakale luyahluka. Kuxhomekeke kwisixa esiginyiweyo.

Iimpawu zokuqala zinokukhula kwimizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwiiyure ezili-12 emva kokungenisa, kunye neempawu ezibi kakhulu eziqala malunga neeyure ezili-12 emva kokungenisa, ngokwe-ATSDR. Iimpawu zokuqala zetyhefu yokubulala ubushushu zingabandakanya ukuziva unxilile. Ezinye iimpawu zokuqala zibandakanya:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukudinwa
• ukunqongophala kolungelelwaniso
• ubundlobongela
• intetho engacacanga
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha

Njengoko umzimba wakho uqhubeka ukophula i-antifreeze kwiiyure ezininzi ezizayo, ikhemikhali inokuphazamisa izintso, imiphunga, ingqondo kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza kwemithambo-luvo. Ukonakala komzimba kwenzeka emva kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-72 emva kokungenisa.

Unokuphuhlisa:

• ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
• ukungakwazi ukuchama
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• ukuxhuzula

Kuyenzeka ukuba ulahlekelwe sisazela kwaye uwa isiqaqa.

Ungalufumana nini uncedo

Fumana uncedo kwangoko ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu ufunxa i-antifreeze. Ayinamsebenzi nokuba ibiyimali encinci kuphela. Ngokukhawuleza ufumana uncedo, ngcono isiphumo.

Ukuba uziva uphilile kwaye awuqinisekanga ukuba uyangenisa i-antifreeze, ungatsalela umnxeba uLawulo lweTyhefu kwaye uthethe nengcali yetyhefu ukufumana eminye imiyalelo. Inombolo yasimahla e-United States yi-800-222-1222.

Kodwa ukuba uqinisekile ukuba ungene kwi-antifreeze okanye ubonakalisa iimpawu zetyhefu yokubola, biza u-911 kwangoko.

Uthintelo lokuzibulala

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntu usemngciphekweni wokuzenzakalisa okanye wenzakalise omnye umntu:

• Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni.
• Hlala naloo mntu de kufike uncedo.
• Susa nayiphi na imipu, iimela, amayeza, okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubangela ingozi.
• Mamela, kodwa musa ukugweba, ukuphikisa, ukugrogrisa, okanye ukukhwaza.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ucinga ngokuzibulala, fumana uncedo kwingxaki okanye kumnxeba wokukhusela ukuzibulala. Zama iNqanaba lokuSebenza lokuThintela ukuzibulala ku-800-273-8255.

Yintoni unyango?

Nje ukuba ufike esibhedlele, xelela ugqirha:

• yintoni oyingenisileyo
• ixesha lokugwinya
• isixa osifakileyo

Isibhedlele siza kuyibeka esweni imeko yakho. Kungenxa yokuba i-antifreeze inokuchaphazela amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba wakho. Ugqirha okanye umongikazi unokujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi, ubushushu bomzimba, ukuphefumla, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo. Banokwenza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukukhangela inqanaba leekhemikhali kwigazi lakho kunye nokusebenza komzimba wakho. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• iimvavanyo zegazi
• uvavanyo lomchamo
• X-reyi yesifuba
• Ukuskena kwe-CT ukufumana imifanekiso yengqondo yakho
• i-electrocardiogram, elinganisa umsebenzi wombane entliziyweni yakho

Ukuba ungenise i-antifreeze, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala unyango nokuba awubonisi zimpawu okanye ubonakalisa kuphela iimpawu ezinobumnene.

Iyeza lokuqala lonyango lonyango olunetyhefu yokubulala ubushushu. Oku kubandakanya i-fomepizole (Antizol) okanye i-ethanol. Omabini la machiza anokuguqula iziphumo zetyhefu kwaye athintele ezinye iingxaki, ezinje ngomonakalo osisigxina womzimba.

Nangona i-fomepizole inokuguqula iziphumo malunga neeyure ezintathu, i-ethanol yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo xa i-fomepizole ingafumaneki. Isibhedlele sinokulisebenzisa eli chiza ngenaliti, okanye nge-IV.

Ukuba awufumani uncedo ngokukhawuleza, i-antifreeze poisoning inokunciphisa ukusebenza kwezintso, kubangele ukungakwazi ukuvuthwa okanye ukuphuma komchamo. Kwimeko yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso, unyango lwakho lunokubandakanya i-dialysis.

I-Dialysis kuxa utsalwa kumatshini ococa igazi lakho kwaye ususe iityhefu kwigazi lakho. Kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomonakalo wezintso, i-dialysis inokuba lunyango lwethutyana okanye olusisigxina. Ukuba okwethutyana, kungathatha ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwezintso.

Ukuba uhlangabezana nobunzima bokuphefumla ngenxa yetyhefu enzima, isibhedlele sinokukunyanga ngeoksijini okanye kukuthomalalise kwaye ufake ityhubhu yokuphefumla ezantsi emlonyeni wakho emqaleni.

Iingcebiso zokuthintela

Ngenxa yokuba i-antifreeze inencasa eswiti, ukungenisa ngengozi kunokwenzeka. Nazi iingcebiso zokuthintela ukugcina wena kunye nosapho lwakho-kubandakanya izilwanyana zakho-zikhuselekile:

• Musa ukugalela i-antifreeze kwiibhotile zamanzi okanye ezinye izikhongozeli. Gcina imichiza kwisikhongozeli sayo sokuqala.
• Ukuba uchithe i-antifreeze ngelixa usebenza kwimoto yakho, coca ukuchitheka kwaye uchithe indawo leyo ngamanzi. Oku kunokuthintela izilwanyana zasekhaya ukuba zingaseli ulwelo.
• Soloko uyibuyisela ikepusi kwizikhongozeli zokuthintela ukubanda. Gcina imichiza kude nabantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya.
• Njengesilumkiso, musa ukusela nasiphi na isiselo ongasaziyo. Ungaze wamkele iziselo kumntu ongamaziyo.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ungenelelo lwakwangoko, amayeza anokutshintsha iziphumo zetyhefu. Unyango lunokuthintela ukusilela kwezintso, ukonakala kwengqondo, kunye nomnye umonakalo osisigxina kwimiphunga yakho okanye entliziyweni. Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, ityhefu ebulala ngamandla ukubulala inokubulala ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-36.

Khumbula, kuthatha iiyure ezimbalwa kuphela ukuba iimpawu ezinzulu zikhule. Musa ukulibazisa unyango.