Ungayichonga njani kwaye uyiphathe njani iAntisocial Behaviour ebantwaneni

Umxholo

• Kukuthini ukungaziphathi kakuhle kubuntwana?
• Imiba yomngcipheko wokuziphatha okungafunekiyo ebantwaneni
• Zithini iimpawu zokuziphatha okungafunekiyo ebantwaneni?
• Ukuziphatha okungafaniyo noluntu ebantwaneni
• Ukuthintela isimilo sokuziphatha kakubi
• 1. Uthintelo oluphambili
• 2. Uthintelo lwesibini
• 3. Uthintelo lwemfundo ephakamileyo (unyango)
• Iindlela zokunyanga ukungaziphathi kakuhle
• Amanyathelo alandelayo

Kuqhelekile ukuba abantwana babonakalise isimilo esifanelekileyo nesingalunganga ekuhlaleni njengoko bekhula bekhula. Abanye abantwana bayaxoka, abanye bavukela, abanye bayarhoxa. Cinga ngenkwenkwezi yomkhondo ekrelekrele kodwa engenisiweyo okanye umongameli odumileyo kodwa ovukelayo.

Kodwa abanye abantwana babonisa amanqanaba aphezulu okuziphatha okungafunekiyo ekuhlaleni. Banobutshaba kwaye abathobeli. Basenokuba kwaye batshabalalise ipropathi. Basenokubaphatha kakubi ngamazwi nangokwasemzimbeni.

Olu hlobo lokuziphatha luhlala luthetha ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa iimpawu zokuziphatha gwenxa. Ukuziphatha okungafaniyo noluntu kuyalawuleka, kodwa kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzima ngakumbi ebudaleni ukuba ziyekwe zinganyangwa. Ukuba unenkxalabo yokuba umntwana wakho akathandi ukuhlala nabantu, funda ukuze ufunde okungakumbi.

Kukuthini ukungaziphathi kakuhle kubuntwana?

Ukuziphatha okungafaniyo noluntu kubonakala ngolu hlobo:

• Ubundlongondlongo
• ubutshaba kwigunya
• inkohliso
• indelelo

Ezi ngxaki zokuziphatha zihlala zivela ebuntwaneni nasebusheni, kwaye zixhaphake kakhulu kubafana abancinci.

Akukho datha yangoku ityhila inani labantwana abangahlaliyo, kodwa uphando lwangaphambili lubeka inani phakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-6 yezigidi, kwaye iyanda.

Imiba yomngcipheko wokuziphatha okungafunekiyo ebantwaneni

Imiba yomngcipheko wokuziphatha gwenxa kubandakanya:

• imeko yesikolo neyommelwane
• Imfuza kunye nembali yosapho
• Iindlela ezimbi zokuba ngumzali
• ubomi bendlu obunobundlobongela, obungazinzanga, okanye obunesiphithiphithi

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kunye neengxaki zemithambo-luvo nazo zinokubangela ukungaziphathi kakuhle. Ulutsha olunengxaki yokusilela kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo (ADHD) lufunyenwe lukwindawo yokuziphatha engalunganga.

Zithini iimpawu zokuziphatha okungafunekiyo ebantwaneni?

Ukuziphatha okungafaniyo noluntu ngamanye amaxesha kunokuchongwa kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-3 okanye emi-4 ubudala, kwaye kunokukhokelela kwinto enzima ngakumbi ukuba ayinyangwa ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-9, okanye ibanga lesithathu.

Iimpawu ezinokuthi ziboniswe ngumntwana zibandakanya:

• Ukuhlukumeza nokwenzakalisa izilwanyana nabantu
• ukuxoka nokuba
• ukuvukela nokwaphula imithetho
• ukonakalisa nezinye izinto
• Ubugwenxa obungapheliyo

Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukungaziphathi kakuhle komntwana kunxulunyaniswa nenqanaba eliphezulu lokusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala neziyobisi kwinqanaba lokufikisa. Oku kungenxa yemfuza ekwabelwana ngayo kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Ukuziphatha okungafaniyo noluntu ebantwaneni

Iindlela ezigwenxa zokuziphatha gwenxa zingakhokelela ekuziphatheni okungalunganga, okanye kwisifo sokuchasana nesichasayo. Abantwana abangahlali nabantu banokusishiya isikolo kwaye babe nengxaki yokugcina umsebenzi kunye nobudlelwane obusempilweni.

Ukuziphatha kunokukhokelela kubuntu bokungaziphathi kakuhle ebudaleni. Abantu abadala abaphila nengxaki yokungafani noluntu bahlala bebonisa ukungaziphathi kakuhle kunye nezinye iimpawu zokuziphatha ngaphambi kokuba babe neminyaka eli-15.

Eminye imiqondiso yokuphazamiseka kubuntu kubandakanya:

• ukungabikho kwesazela kunye novelwano
• ukungahoyi nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwegunya kunye namalungelo abantu
• Ubundlongondlongo kunye notyekelo lobundlobongela
• ikratshi
• usebenzisa ikhubalo ukukhohlisa
• ukungazisoli

Ukuthintela isimilo sokuziphatha kakubi

Ungenelelo lwakwangoko lubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukungaziphathi kakuhle. IZiko lokuSebenzisana ngokuSebenzayo kunye nokuziQhelanisa nalo licebisa ukuba izikolo ziphuhlise kwaye ziphumeze iindlela-nkqubo ezintathu zokuthintela.

1. Uthintelo oluphambili

Oku kubandakanya ukubandakanya abafundi kwimisebenzi ebanzi yesikolo enokuthi ithintele ukungaziphathi kakuhle, ezinje:

• ukufundisa ukusonjululwa kwengxabano
• izakhono zokulawula umsindo
• ukufunda nokubhala ngokweemvakalelo

2. Uthintelo lwesibini

Oku kujolise kubafundi abasemngciphekweni wokuphuhlisa utyekelo lokuchasana noluntu kunye nokuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

• ukufundiswa okukhethekileyo
• izifundo ezincinci zezakhono zentlalo
• iingcebiso
• ukucebisa

3. Uthintelo lwemfundo ephakamileyo (unyango)

Inyathelo lesithathu kukuqhubeka nokufumana iingcebiso. Oku kunyanga abafundi abangahlali nabantu kunye neepatheni ezingapheliyo zobuqhetseba kunye nobundlongondlongo. Eli ziko licebisa ukuba iintsapho, abacebisi, ootitshala nabanye balungelelanise iinzame zokuphatha abantwana ngokuziphatha okuchasene nentlalo.

Iindlela zokunyanga ukungaziphathi kakuhle

Ezinye iindlela zokuphatha ukungaziphathi kakuhle kubandakanya:

• ukusombulula iingxaki kuqeqesho lwezakhono
• unyango lokuziphatha
• Ukungenelela kosapho ngokuziphatha
• Unyango losapho kunye nonyango lokufikisa

Abazali banokuphinda bafumane uqeqesho lolawulo lwabazali ukujongana nayo nayiphi na imiba emibi yokuba ngumzali enokuba negalelo ekuziphatheni okungalunganga komntwana.

Uphando lufumanise ukuba ukufudumala nothando, uqeqesho olusengqiqweni, kunye nesitayile somzali esigunyazisiweyo kuneziphumo ezilungileyo kubantwana. Oku kunokubanceda ukuba benze ubudlelwane obuhle kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwesikolo.

Amanyathelo alandelayo

Kuqhelekile ukuba abantwana nolutsha babonise utyekelo lokungahlali nabantu, njengokurhoxa okanye ukuvukela kancinci. Kodwa kwabanye abantwana, olo tyekelo lunokubonisa into eyothusayo.

Thetha nomntwana wakho ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokuziphatha kwabo ukuze ube nakho ukuqonda okungcono okwenzekayo ngokwembono yabo. Qiniseka ukuba uphinde uthethe nogqirha ukuze ube nokuza nesicwangciso esisebenzayo sokunyanga isimilo somntwana wakho.

Kubalulekile ukuba ujongane neengxaki zokuziphatha kwasekuqaleni ebuntwaneni kunokwenzeka ukuthintela ukuxilongwa okunzima ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo.