Ialbinism

Ialbinism sisiphene kwimveliso ye-melanin. I-Melanin yinto yendalo emzimbeni enika umbala kwizinwele zakho, ulusu kunye ne-iris yamehlo.

Ialbinism yenzeka xa esinye seziphene kwimfuza senza ukuba umzimba ungakwazi ukuvelisa okanye ukuhambisa imelanin.

Ezi ziphene zinokudluliselwa (njengelifa) kwiintsapho.

Olona hlobo lwealbinism lubaluleke kakhulu lubizwa ngokuba yialculocutaneous albinism. Abantu abanolu hlobo lwe-albinism baneenwele ezimhlophe okanye ezipinki, ulusu kunye nombala we-iris. Banengxaki yokujonga.

Olunye uhlobo lwealbinism, olubizwa ngokuba yi-ocular albinism type 1 (OA1), luchaphazela kuphela amehlo. Ulusu lomntu kunye nombala wamehlo zihlala zikuluhlu oluqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwamehlo luya kubonisa ukuba akukho mbala ngasemva kweliso (i-retina).

IHermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) luhlobo lwealbinism olubangelwa kukutshintsha kohlobo olunye. Inokwenzeka ngesifo sokopha, kunye nemiphunga, izintso kunye nezifo zamathumbu.

Umntu onealbinism unokuba nenye yezi mpawu:

• Akukho mbala kwizinwele, ulusu, okanye iris yamehlo
• Ikhanya kunesikhumba neenwele eziqhelekileyo
• Amabala ebala elilahlekileyo

Iindidi ezininzi zealbinism zinxulunyaniswa nezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Amehlo awele
• Ukuziva ukukhanya
• Ukuhamba kwamehlo okukhawulezayo
• Iingxaki zombono, okanye ukungaboni kakuhle

Ukuvavanywa kwemfuza kunika eyona ndlela ichanekileyo yokufumanisa ialbinism. Olu vavanyo luluncedo ukuba unembali yosapho yealbinism. Kukwaluncedo nakumaqela athile abantu abaziwayo ukuba banesi sifo.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokuchonga imeko esekwe kwinkangeleko yolusu lwakho, iinwele namehlo. Ugqirha wamehlo obizwa ngokuba ngugqirha wamehlo unokwenza i-electroretinogram. Olu luvavanyo olunokuthi lubonakalise iingxaki zombono ezinxulumene ne-albinism. Uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olunokubakho olunokubakho lunokuba luncedo kakhulu xa isifo singaqinisekanga.

Injongo yonyango kukhulula iimpawu.Kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ubukrakra bunjani na.

Unyango lubandakanya ukukhusela ulusu namehlo elangeni. Ukwenza oku:

• Nciphisa umngcipheko wokutshiswa lilanga ngokuthintela ilanga, ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen, kwaye ugqume ngokupheleleyo ngempahla xa ubhencekile elangeni.
• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen ene-high sun protection factor (SPF).
• Nxiba iiglasi zelanga (ezikhuselweyo nge-UV) ukunceda ukunciphisa ubuntununtunu bokukhanya.

Iiglasi zihlala zimiselwe ukulungisa iingxaki zombono kunye nokuma kwamehlo. Utyando lwemisipha yamehlo ngamanye amaxesha luyacetyiswa ukulungisa iintshukumo zamehlo ezingaqhelekanga.

La maqela alandelayo anokubonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya kunye nezixhobo:

• Umbutho weSizwe weAlbinism kunye ne-Hypopigmentation- www.albinism.org
• Isalathiso sasekhaya se-NIH / NLM yemfuzo - ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/ocular-albinism

Ialbinism ayihlali ichaphazela ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, i-HPS inokunciphisa ubomi bomntu ngenxa yesifo semiphunga okanye iingxaki zokopha.

Abantu abanealbinism banokuthintelwa kwimisebenzi yabo ngenxa yokuba bengakwazi ukunyamezela ilanga.

Ezi ngxaki zinokwenzeka:

• Ukwehla kombono, ukungaboni
• Umhlaza wolusu

Tsalela umnxeba umboneleli wakho ukuba une-albinism okanye iimpawu ezinje ngovakalelo lokukhanya olubangela ukungonwabi. Biza kwakhona ukuba uphawula naluphi na utshintsho lolusu olunokuba luphawu lokuqala lomhlaza wolusu.

Ngenxa yokuba ialbinism izuzwe njengelifa, ingcebiso ngezofuzo ibalulekile. Abantu abanembali yosapho ye-albinism okanye imibala elula kakhulu kufuneka baqwalasele iingcebiso ngemfuzo.

Ialchinocutaneous albinism; Ialbinism yeOcular

• I-Melanin

Cheng KP. Ophthalmology. Ku: Zitelli BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, ii-eds. UZitelli no-Davis ’Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 20.

UJoyce JC. Izilonda ezichaphazelekileyo. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 672.

Paller AS, Mancini AJ. Ukuphazamiseka kombala. Ku: Paller AS, Mancini AJ, ii-eds. Iklinikhi yezeMpilo yeDermatology yabantwana. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 11.