Ukwahlukana kweAorta

Umxholo

• Yintoni ukwahlulwa kwe-aorta?
• Iimpawu zokusasazeka kwe-aorta
• Unobangela wokuqhekeka kwe-aorta
• Iindidi zokwahlulwa kwe-aorta
• Uhlobo lwe-A
• Uhlobo B
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wokusasazeka kwe-aorta?
• Ufunyanwa njani umsantsa wokususwa kwe-aorta?
• Ukunyanga ukusasazeka kwe-aorta
• Amayeza
• Utyando
• Ukujonga ixesha elide kubantu abane-aorta

Yintoni ukwahlulwa kwe-aorta?

I-aorta ngumthambo omkhulu ophuma negazi entliziyweni yakho. Ukuba une-dissection ye-aorta, oko kuthetha ukuba igazi liyavuza ngaphandle kwesibane semithambo, okanye ngaphakathi kwithambo legazi. Igazi elivuzayo libangela ukwahlukana phakathi komaleko wangaphakathi naphakathi kodonga lwe-aorta njengoko luqhubeka. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba umaleko wangaphakathi we-aorta yakho uyalila.

Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphuma kwegazi kuphuma kwimithambo emincinci ebonelela ngeendonga ezingaphandle neziphakathi ze-aorta yakho. Oku kunokubangela ukuba buthathaka komaleko wangaphakathi we-aorta apho iinyembezi zinokwenzeka khona, zikhokelela kwi-aortic dissection.

Ingozi kukuba ukusasazeka kwegazi kuphuma kwi-aorta yakho. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezibulalayo, njengokuqhekeka komthambo osasazwayo okanye ukuvaleka okumandla kokuhamba kwegazi apho kufanele ukuba kwenzeke khona nge-lumen yesiqhelo ye-aorta. Iingxaki ezinzulu zinokuvela ukuba isisu sokuqhaqhaqha kwaye sithumele igazi kwindawo ejikeleze intliziyo yakho okanye imiphunga.

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 kwangoko ukuba unentlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni okanye ezinye iimpawu zedisort disortic.

Iimpawu zokusasazeka kwe-aorta

Iimpawu ze-aortic dissection kunokuba nzima ukwahlulahlula kwezinye iimeko zentliziyo, ezinje ngokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

Intlungu yesifuba kunye neentlungu kumqolo ongasentla zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zale meko. Kukho iintlungu eziqatha ngokwesiqhelo, ezidityaniswa nemvakalelo yokuba into ibukhali okanye ikrazula esifubeni sakho. Ngokungafaniyo kwimeko yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, iintlungu zihlala ziqala ngequbuliso xa uqhaqho-qhekeko luqala ukwenzeka kwaye lubonakala ngathi luyajikeleza.

Abanye abantu baneentlungu ezingathethekiyo, ngamanye amaxesha eziphosakeleyo ngenxa yemisipha, kodwa oku akuqhelekanga.

Ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu zibandakanya:

• ukuphefumla
• isiqaqa
• ukubila
• ubuthathaka okanye ukukhubazeka kwelinye icala lomzimba
• unengxaki yokuthetha
• ukubetha komoya obuthathaka engalweni enye kunakwenye
• isiyezi okanye ukudideka

Unobangela wokuqhekeka kwe-aorta

Nangona esona sizathu sokususwa kwe-aortic singaziwa, oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luyinto enegalelo kuba ibangela uxinzelelo kwiindonga zemithambo yakho.

Nantoni na ethomalalisa udonga lwakho lwe-aortic kunokubangela ukuba kungabikho dissection. Oku kubandakanya iimeko zokufumana ilifa apho izicwili zomzimba wakho zikhula ngokungaqhelekanga, njenge-Marfan's syndrome, i-atherosclerosis, kunye nokwenzakala ngengozi esifubeni.

Iindidi zokwahlulwa kwe-aorta

I-aorta inyukela phezulu xa iqala ukushiya intliziyo yakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-aorta enyukayo. Emva koko igobe ezantsi, idlula ukusuka esifubeni sakho iye esiswini sakho. Oku kwaziwa njengokuhla kwe-aorta. Ukusasazeka kunokubakho ngokunyuka okanye ukwehla kwenxalenye ye-aorta yakho. Ukwahlulwa kweAortic kuhlelwa njengohlobo A okanye uhlobo B:

Uhlobo lwe-A

Uninzi lokuchithwa luqala kwicandelo elinyukayo, apho zichongwe njengohlobo A.

Uhlobo B

Ukwahlukana okuqala ekwehleni kwe-aorta kudweliswe njengohlobo B. Batyekele ekubeni babe sesichengeni sokuphila kunohlobo A.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wokusasazeka kwe-aorta?

Ngokwe-Mayo Clinic, umngcipheko we-aortic dissection ukwanda ngobudala kwaye uphezulu ukuba uyindoda okanye ukuba ukwiminyaka engama-60 okanye engama-80.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho:

• igazi elonyukayo
• ukutshaya icuba
• i-atherosclerosis, eyinkqubo yokwenzakala, ukubalwa kwamanqatha e-fatty / cholesterol, kunye nokuqina kwemithambo yakho
• iimeko ezifana neMarfan's syndrome, apho izicwili zomzimba wakho zibuthathaka kunesiqhelo
• utyando lwangaphambili entliziyweni
• iingozi zeemoto ezibandakanya ukwenzakala esifubeni
• i-aorta ezalwe ngokuzalwa
• ivalve engalunganga ephosakeleyo
• Ukusetyenziswa kwecocaine, okunokubangela ukungaqheleki okukhulu kwinkqubo yentliziyo yakho
• ukukhulelwa

Ufunyanwa njani umsantsa wokususwa kwe-aorta?

Ugqirha wakho uyakukuvavanya kwaye asebenzise i-stethoscope ukumamela ingxolo engaqhelekanga evela kwi-aorta yakho. Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho luthathwa, ukufundwa kunokwahluka engalweni enye kunakwenye.

Uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-electrocardiogram (EKG) lujonga umsebenzi wombane entliziyweni. Ngamanye amaxesha i-aortic dissection inokuphazama ngokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kolu vavanyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha unokuba nazo zombini iimeko ngaxeshanye.

Kuya kufuneka ukuba ube nemifanekiso yokucinga eyenziwe. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• iX-reyi yesifuba
• i-CT ephuculweyo
• Iskena seMRI esine-angiography
• i-echocardiogram ye-transesophageal (TEE)

I-TEE ibandakanya ukugqithisa isixhobo esikhupha amaza esandi phantsi komqala wakho uye kumngxunya wakho kude kube kufutshane nendawo kwinqanaba lentliziyo yakho. Amagagasi e-ultrasound asetyenziselwa ukwenza umfanekiso wentliziyo yakho kunye ne-aorta.

Ukunyanga ukusasazeka kwe-aorta

Uhlobo lwe-A dissection lufuna utyando olungxamisekileyo.

Uhlobo lwe-B dissection lunokunyangwa rhoqo ngamayeza, endaweni yotyando, ukuba akunzima.

Amayeza

Uya kufumana amayeza okuphelisa iintlungu. I-Morphine ihlala isetyenziswa kule meko. Uya kufumana ubuncinci iyeza elinye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, njenge-beta-blocker.

Utyando

Icandelo elikrazukileyo le-aorta liyasuswa lize lifakwe endaweni ye-synthetic graft. Ukuba enye yezivalo zentliziyo yakho yonakalisiwe, oku kuyatshintshwa.

Ukuba unodidi lwe-B dissection, unokufuna utyando ukuba imeko iya isiba mandundu nokuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luphantsi kolawulo.

Ukujonga ixesha elide kubantu abane-aorta

Ukuba unoluhlobo A ukusasazeka, utyando olungxamisekileyo ngaphambi kokuba i-aorta idilike kukunika ithuba elihle lokusinda kunye nokuchacha. Emva kokuba i-aorta yakho iphukile, amathuba akho okusinda ayancipha.

Ukufumanisa kwangoko kubalulekile. Uhlobo olulula lwendlela B yokuqhekeza ihlala ilawulwa ixesha elide ngamayeza kunye nokujonga ngononophelo.

Ukuba unemeko eyonyusa umngcipheko we-aortic dissection, enje nge-atherosclerosis okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukwenza uhlengahlengiso kwindlela ophila ngayo malunga nokutya kunye nokuzilolonga kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-aortic dissection. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza afanelekileyo kunyango lwexinzelelo okanye i-cholesterol ephezulu, ukuba kufuneka njalo. Ukongeza, ukungatshayi iimveliso zecuba kuyanceda kwimpilo yakho.