Aspergillosis: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• 1. Ukunyanga komzimba
• 2. I-aspergillosis yemiphunga
• 3. Uhlaselo lwe-aspergillosis
• Ngubani osengozini enkulu
• Uxilongo lwe-aspergillosis
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Aspergillosis sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa ngumngundo I-Aspergillus fumigatus, ezikhoyo kwiindawo ezininzi, ezinje ngomhlaba, iipantas, izinto zokubola kunye nemisebenzi, umzekelo.

Ngale ndlela, njengoko ukungunda kungafunyanwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, abantu bahlala benxibelelana neI-Aspergillus fumigatus, kodwa ayizizo zonke eziphuhlisa esi sifo, kuba ukungunda kuyakhula ngokulula kwaye kukhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu kubantu abanamajoni omzimba atyhafiswe kakhulu zizifo, ezinje nge-HIV kunye ne-lupus, ukufakelwa okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza.

Eyona ndlela iphambili yosulelo I-Aspergillus kungenxa yokuphefumla, ukuvumela ukuba ihlale emiphungeni kwaye kukhokelele ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezinje ngokukhohlela, ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nomkhuhlane, ezinokukhawuleza ukuba mandundu kwaye zichaphazele amanye amalungu omzimba, anje ngengqondo, intliziyo okanye izintso, ngakumbi xa unyango ngee-antifungals lungaqalanga.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Emva kokuphefumla ii-spores ze I-Aspergillus fumigatus, ukungunda kunokwenza ikholoni indlela yokuphefumla kwaye ihlale emzimbeni ngaphandle kweempawu. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, iimpawu zinokubonakala ngokwendawo echaphazelekayo kunye nobukrakra bosulelo, kwaye kunokubakho:

1. Ukunyanga komzimba

Kwenzeka ikakhulu kubantu abanembali yezifo ezingapheliyo zemiphunga, ezinje nge-asthma okanye i-cystic fibrosis kwaye kubandakanya imiqondiso kunye neempawu ezinje:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-38ºC;
• Ukukhohlela igazi okanye iphlegm;
• Ukuziva uphefumla kancinci;
• Impumlo egijimayo kunye nobunzima bokujoja.

Olu lolona hlobo lincinci lokuphendula kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, lunokunyangwa ngamachiza ebesele esetyenziselwa uhlaselo lwesifuba, umzekelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya esibhedlele.

2. I-aspergillosis yemiphunga

Ezi meko ziqheleke kakhulu, kodwa zihlala zichaphazela abantu abangenayo imbali yesifo semiphunga. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Ukuhla ukusinda;
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo;
• Ukukhohlela igazi;
• Ukudinwa kakhulu;
• Ukuziva uphefumla kancinci.

Ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, usulelo lwemiphunga lunokukhula lusasazeke egazini, lufikelele kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko umngundo unokwenza imiphunga ibe yimiphunga kwaye wenze ubungqingqwa, obubizwa ngokuba yi-aspergilloma, enokuqhubeka nokukhula kwaye ikhokelele ekukhohliseni igazi, kwaye inokusasazeka nakwimithambo yegazi kwaye ibangelwe kukungabinamandla .

3. Uhlaselo lwe-aspergillosis

Olu lolona hlobo luchanekileyo losulelo olwenzeka xa ukungunda kungaziphindaphinda emiphungeni kuze emva koko kunwenwe ngegazi. Iimpawu zolu hlobo lwe-aspergillosis zinokuba:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu ko 38º C;
• Iintlungu zesifuba;
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo;
• Intlungu edibeneyo;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Ukudumba kobuso.

Ukongeza, le fungus inako ukungena kwimithambo yegazi, isasazeka ngokulula kwaye ikhuthaze ukuvalwa kwenqanawa, kukhokelela kwitrombosis.

I-aspergillosis ehlaselayo lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo xa amajoni omzimba ebuthathaka kakhulu kwaye, ke, iimpawu zaso kunokuba nzima ukuzichaza, kuba zinokutolikwa njengeempawu zesifo ukuba oku kusekelwe ekunciphiseni kokuzikhusela komzimba.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu

Ukosulela ngo I-Aspergillus fumigatus yenzeka ikakhulu ngokurhogola intsholongwane ekhoyo kwindalo esingqongileyo, nangona kunjalo inokwenzeka ngenxa yokungeniswa kwembewu esekhoyo, umzekelo.

Nangona inokubethwa nangubani na, ukukhula kosulelo, ngakumbi uhlobo olungenayo, kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanamajoni omzimba athomalalisiweyo ngenxa yezifo ezosulelayo kunye / okanye ezinganyangekiyo, ezinje nge-HIV kunye ne-lupus, abaye batyalwa yamalungu akutshanje okanye asebenzisa iziyobisi ezinciphisa ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba, njengee-corticosteroids, i-chemotherapy okanye i-immunosuppressants.

Uxilongo lwe-aspergillosis

Ukuxilongwa kwe-aspergillosis kuqala kwenziwa yingcali yesifo esosulelayo, ugqirha wesifo semiphunga okanye ugqirha ngokubanzi ngokuvavanya iimpawu kunye neempawu ezivezwe ngumntu kunye nembali yezempilo.

Ukuqinisekisa usulelo ngundo, kungabonakaliswa ukujonga isikhohlela ngokusebenzisa imicroscope okanye uvavanyo lwegazi nge-serology efumanisa ii-antibodies ezithile ngokuchasene nala fungus, okanye inkcubeko yethishu esulelekileyo.

Ngenxa yoko, ngokweziphumo zeemviwo, kunokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa i-aspergillosis kunye nobukhali bayo, kuluncedo kugqirha ukubonisa unyango olufanelekileyo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-aspergillosis luhlala luqala ngokusetyenziswa kwamachiza okubola, anje nge-Itraconazole okanye i-Amphotericin B, enceda ekupheliseni ukungunda okungaphezulu emzimbeni, ukunceda amajoni omzimba ukulawula usulelo kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu.

Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe ii-corticosteroids, ezinje ngeBudesonide okanye iPrednisone, ukunciphisa iimpawu ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-antifungal, ngakumbi kubantu abaneempawu ezinamandla, njengaleyo ine-asthma, umzekelo.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-pulmonary okanye i-aspergillosis engenayo, apho ubuninzi befungus, obaziwa ngokuba yi-aspergilloma, bunokuphuhla, ugqirha unokucebisa utyando ukuze kususwe izicwili ezichaphazelekayo kwaye kuthandwe sisiphumo sezinto zokubulala ukungunda.