I-Atrial Flutter

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu ze-atrial flutter?
• Yintoni ebangela i-atrial flutter?
• Imithambo yegazi
• Utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-atrial flutter?
• Ichongwa njani i-atrial flutter?
• Iphathwa njani i-atrial flutter?
• Amayeza
• Ugqirha
• Olunye unyango
• Yintoni enokulindelwa kwixesha elide?
• Q:
• A:

Ushwankathelo

I-Atrial flutter (AFL) luhlobo lwenqanaba lentliziyo elingaqhelekanga, okanye i-arrhythmia. Kwenzeka xa amagumbi aphezulu entliziyo ebetha kakhulu. Xa amagumbi ngaphezulu kwentliziyo yakho (i-atria) ebetha ngokukhawuleza kunalawo asezantsi (ii-ventricles), ibangela ukuba isingqisho sentliziyo yakho singahambelani.

I-Atrial flutter yimeko efanayo ne-atrial fibrillation eqhelekileyo (AFib).

Ziintoni iimpawu ze-atrial flutter?

Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu one-AFL akayivali into yokuphaphazela kwentliziyo yakhe. Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala ngezinye iindlela. Ezinye zazo zibandakanya:

• ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ndiziva ndinentloko elula okanye ndityhafile
• uxinzelelo okanye ukuqina esifubeni
• utywala okanye intloko
• ukubetha kwentliziyo
• unengxaki yokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngenxa yokudinwa

Uxinzelelo lukwanyusa izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho, kwaye lunokuzonyusa iimpawu ze-AFL. Ezi mpawu ze-AFL ziqhelekile kwezinye iimeko ezininzi. Ukuba nesinye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu akusoloko kungumqondiso we-AFL. Iimpawu zihlala zihlala iintsuku, okanye iiveki, ngexesha.

Yintoni ebangela i-atrial flutter?

I-pacemaker yendalo (i-sinus node) ilawula ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho. Itholakala kwi-atrium efanelekileyo. Ithumela imiqondiso yombane kwi-atria yasekunene nasekhohlo. Ezo miqondiso zixelela umphezulu wentliziyo ukuba uza kwenza njani kwaye nini isivumelwano.

Xa une-AFL, indawo yesono ithumela umqondiso wombane. Kodwa inxalenye yomqondiso uhamba kwiluphu eqhubekayo ecaleni kwendlela ejikeleze iatrium yasekunene. Oku kwenza isivumelwano se-atria ngokukhawuleza, esibangela ukuba i-atria ibethe ngokukhawuleza kune-ventricles.

Inqanaba lentliziyo eliqhelekileyo li-60 ukuya kwi-100 beats ngomzuzu (bpm). Abantu abane-AFL baneentliziyo ezibetha kuma-250 ukuya kuma-300 bpm.

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela i-AFL. Oku kubandakanya:

Imithambo yegazi

Isifo sentliziyo sesona sizathu siphambili se-AFL. Isifo seCoronary artery disease (CAD) sivela xa imithambo yentliziyo ivalekile yipleyiti.

Ikholesterol kunye namafutha anamathela kwiindonga zomthambo abangela ipleyiti. Oku kuyacothisa okanye kuthintele ukujikeleza kwegazi. Ingonakalisa izihlunu zentliziyo, amagumbi, kunye nemithambo yegazi.

Utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo

Utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo lunokuyonakalisa intliziyo. Oku kunokuthintela imiqondiso yombane, enokuthi ikhokelele kwi-atrial flutter.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-atrial flutter?

Imiba yomngcipheko kwi-AFL ibandakanya amayeza athile, iimeko ezikhoyo, kunye nokukhetha indlela yokuphila. Abantu abasemngciphekweni we-atrial flutter bahlala:

• umsi
• unesifo sentliziyo
• ndikhe ndanesifo sentliziyo
• ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi
• baneemeko zentliziyo yevalvu
• unesifo semiphunga
• Uxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo
• thatha iipilisi zokutya okanye amanye amayeza
• ukunxila okanye ukuzinkcinkca ngotywala rhoqo
• Ndenziwe utyando kutshanje
• unesifo seswekile

Ichongwa njani i-atrial flutter?

Oogqirha baqala ukukrokrela i-AFL ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho ngokuphumla kuya ngaphezulu kwe-100 bpm. Imbali yakho yosapho ibalulekile xa ugqirha wakho ezama ukufumanisa i-AFL. Imbali yesifo sentliziyo, imiba yoxinzelelo, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi konke kunokuchaphazela umngcipheko wakho.

Ugqirha wakho wokunyamekela unokufumanisa i-AFL. Unako kwakhona ukuthunyelwa kugqirha wenhliziyo ukuvavanya.

Iimvavanyo ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo kunye nokuqinisekisa i-AFL:

• Iimpawu zeekhadi Sebenzisa i-ultrasound ukubonisa imifanekiso yentliziyo. Banokulinganisa ukuhamba kwegazi ngentliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi.
• Electrocardiograms shicilela iipateni zombane zentliziyo yakho.
• Izifundo ze-EP (electrophysiology) Yeyona ndlela ihlaselayo yokurekhoda isingqisho sentliziyo. I-catheter ifakwe kwi-artery ye-groin yakho entliziyweni yakho. Ii-Electrode emva koko zifakwa ukubeka iliso kwisingqi sentliziyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Iphathwa njani i-atrial flutter?

Eyona njongo iphambili kugqirha wakho kukubuyisela isingqi sentliziyo yakho kwesiqhelekileyo. Unyango luxhomekeke ekubeni inzima kangakanani imeko yakho. Ezinye iingxaki zempilo zinokuchaphazela unyango lwe-AFL.

Amayeza

Amayeza anokucothisa okanye alawule ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho. Amanye amayeza anokufuna ukuhlala ixesha elifutshane esibhedlele ngelixa umzimba wakho uhlengahlengisa. Imizekelo yala mayeza ibandakanya i-calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, kunye ne-digoxin.

Amanye amayeza angasetyenziselwa ukuguqula isigqi se-atrial flutter kwisigqi sesiqhelo sesono. I-Amiodarone, ipropafenone, kunye ne-flecainide yimizekelo yezi ndidi zamayeza.

Izicoci zegazi, ezinjenge-non-vitamin K yomlomo i-anticoagulants (NOACs), inokusetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukwakheka kwehlwili kwimithambo yakho. Ukuvala indawo kunokubangela ukubetha kwentliziyo okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo. Abantu abane-AFL banomngcipheko okhulayo wamahlwili egazi.

I-Warfarin ibisoloko imiselwe i-anticoagulant ngokwesiko, kodwa ii-NOACs ngoku zikhethiweyo kuba azidingi kubekwa esweni kuvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo kwaye abanalo nolwalamano lokutya olwaziwayo.

Ugqirha

Unyango lwe-Ablation lusetyenziswa xa i-AFL ingenakulawulwa ngamayeza. Itshabalalisa izicwili zentliziyo ezibangela isingqisho esingaqhelekanga. Unokufuna i-pacemaker emva kolu tyando ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho. I-pacemaker inokusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokurhoxiswa.

Olunye unyango

I-Cardioversion isebenzisa umbane ukothusa isingqi senhliziyo ukubuyela esiqhelweni. Ikwabizwa ngokuba kukusasaza. Iipaddle okanye amabala asetyenzisiweyo esifubeni abangela ukothuka.

Yintoni enokulindelwa kwixesha elide?

Amayeza ahlala ephumelela kunyango lwe-AFL. Nangona kunjalo, imeko ngamanye amaxesha inokuphinda yenzeke emva konyango kuxhomekeke kwisizathu se-AFL yakho. Unokuwunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda ngokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwakho kwaye uthathe amayeza akho njengoko kumiselwe.

Q:

Ngawaphi amanyathelo okhuseleko endinokuwathatha ukuthintela ukukhula kwe-AFL?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

I-atrial flutter yinto engaqhelekanga ye-arrhythmia kodwa inxulunyaniswa neemeko ezithile zonyango ezinje ngokusilela kwentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, utywala, isifo seswekile, isifo se-thyroid, okanye isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga. Eyona ndlela yokuthintela i-atrial flutter kukuzama ukunqanda ukukhula kwezi meko zonyango kwindawo yokuqala. Ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunye nokutya okunesondlo kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo, ukunqanda ukusela kakhulu, kunye nokuyeka ukutshaya ukuba uyatshaya kuya kunceda.

U-Elaine K. Luo, iimpendulo ze-MDA zimele uluvo lweengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.