Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ngeBabesia

Umxholo

• Iimpawu kunye neengxaki
• Iimbangela ze-babesiosis?
• Idluliselwa njani
• Imiba yomngcipheko
• Unxibelelwano phakathi kwesifo se-babesiosis kunye nesifo seLyme
• Ifunyaniswa njani i-babesiosis
• Unyango
• Indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

Iintsana sisidleleleli esincinci esosulela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Usulelo kunye Iintsana ibizwa ngokuba yi-babesiosis. Usulelo lwe-parasitic luhlala ludluliselwa ngokulunywa ngamakhalane.

I-Babesiosis ihlala yenzeka ngaxeshanye nesifo seLyme. Ikhalane eliphethe iintsholongwane zeLyme linokosulelwa sisifo i Iintsana sisidleleleli.

Iimpawu kunye neengxaki

Ubunzima beempawu zesifo se-babesiosis bunokwahluka. Awunazo kwaphela iimpawu, okanye unokuba neempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane. Ezinye iimeko zinokubangela iingxaki ezinobuzaza, ezisongela ubomi.

A Iintsana Usulelo luhlala luqala ngomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukugodola, izihlunu okanye ukudibana kwamalungu kunye nokudinwa. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• intlungu zesisu
• isicaphucaphu
• ukutyumka ulusu
• mthubi ulusu kunye namehlo akho
• utshintsho lweemvakalelo

Njengoko usulelo luqhubeka, unokuhlakulela iintlungu zesifuba okanye i-hip, ukuphefumula okufutshane, kunye nokubila.

Kuyenzeka ukuba wosulelwe Iintsana kwaye ungabinazimpawu. Umkhuhlane omkhulu obuyela umva ngamanye amaxesha luphawu lwe-babesiosis engafumanekiyo.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi kakhulu
• iingxaki zesibindi
• ukuphazamiseka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezaziwa njenge-hemolytic anemia
• ukusilela kwezintso
• ukumelwa yintliziyo

Iimbangela ze-babesiosis?

I-Babesiosis ibangelwa kukosuleleka sisifo semalariya esifana ne-malaria Iintsana. Inkqubo ye- Iintsana sisidleleli nako ukubizwa Nuttalia.

Isidleleli siyakhula kwaye sivelise ngaphakathi kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi lomntu osulelekileyo okanye isilwanyana, esihlala sibangela iintlungu kakhulu ngenxa yokuqhekeka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 ze Iintsana sisidleleleli. EUnited States, Babesia microti luxinzelelo lokosulela abantu, ngokwe. Ezinye iintlobo zinokuchaphazela:

• iinkomo
• amahashe
• iigusha
• iihagu
• iibhokhwe
• izinja

Idluliselwa njani

Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokwenza isivumelwano Iintsana kukuluma kwekhalane elosulelekileyo.

Babesia microti izifunxi-gazi zihlala emathunjini omlenze omnyama okanye umkhalane wexhama (Ixodes scapularis). Ikhalane linamathela emzimbeni weempuku ezinenyawo emhlophe kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezincancisayo, ezidlulisela i-parasite kwigazi leempuku.

Emva kokuba ikhalane selisityile igazi lesilwanyana, liyawa lize lilinde ukufunyanwa sinye isilwanyana.

Ixhama elinemisila emhlophe sisiphatho esiqhelekileyo sekhalane lexhama. Ixhama lona alosuleleki.

Emva kokuwa kwexhama, uphawu lokuhlala luya kuhlala kwindawo yengca, isebe elisezantsi, okanye inkunkuma yamagqabi. Ukuba uyayibrasha ngokuchasene nayo, inokudibanisa nesihlangu sakho, iikawusi, okanye esinye isinxibo. Ikhalane linyuka liye phezulu, lifuna indawo yolusu evulekileyo.

Mhlawumbi ngekhe uluva umkhalane uluma, kwaye usenokungayiboni. Kungenxa yokuba uninzi losulelo lomntu luyasasazeka ngexesha lasentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni ngamakhalane kwinqanaba le-nymph. Ngeli nqanaba, amakhalane amalunga nobukhulu kunye nombala wembewu yepoppy.

Ngaphandle kokulunywa ngamakhalane, olu sulelo lusenokudlula ngotofelo-gazi olungcolileyo okanye ngokudluliselwa kosetyhini okhulelweyo osulelekileyo aye kwimveku yakhe. Ngokungaqhelekanga kunokusasazwa ngokufakelwa komzimba.

Imiba yomngcipheko

Abantu abangenalo udakada okanye amajoni omzimba abuthathaka basemngciphekweni omkhulu. I-Babesiosis inokuba yimeko esongela ubomi kwaba bantu. Abantu abadala abadala, ngakumbi abo banezinye iingxaki zempilo, basemngciphekweni omkhulu.

Unxibelelwano phakathi kwesifo se-babesiosis kunye nesifo seLyme

Ikhonkco elifanayo eliphethe Iintsana Isidleleli sinokuhambisa iibhaktiriya ezimile okweqhekeza ezijongene nesifo seLyme.

Uphononongo olwenziwe ngo-2016 lwafumanisa ukuba abantu abafunyaniswe ukuba bane-Lyme nabo bosulelekile Iintsana. Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba i-babesiosis yayihlala ingafunyaniswa.

Ngokweziganeko, iimeko ezininzi ze-babesiosis zenzeka eNew England, eNew York, eNew Jersey, eWisconsin naseMinnesota. La ngamazwe apho isifo seLyme sixhaphakile, nangona iLyme ixhaphake kwenye indawo.

Iimpawu ze-babesiosis ziyafana nezo zesifo seLyme. Ukudibana kunye noLyme kunye Iintsana kunokubangela ukuba zombini ezi mpawu ziqine.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-babesiosis

I-Babesiosis inokuba nzima ukuyichonga.

Kumanqanaba okuqala, Iintsana Izidleleli zingafunyanwa ngokuhlolwa kwesampulu yegazi phantsi kwemicroscope. Ukuchongwa kwe-smear microscopy yegazi kufuna ixesha elibalulekileyo kunye nobuchule. I-Smears inokuba yinto engalunganga ukuba kukho inqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu le-parasitemia egazini, ngakumbi ekuqaleni kwesi sifo, kwaye banokufuna ukuphindwaphindwa kwiintsuku ezininzi.

Ukuba wena okanye ugqirha wakho ukrokrela i-babesiosis, ugqirha wakho unokuqhubeka nokuvavanya. Banoku-odola uvavanyo lwe-anti-fluorescent antibody (IFA) engathanga ngqo kwisampulu yegazi. Ukuxilongwa kweMolekyuli, ezinje nge-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), inokusetyenziswa kwisampulu yegazi.

Unyango

Iintsana yiparasiti kwaye ngekhe iphendule kumayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kuphela. Unyango lufuna amayeza antiparasite, afana nalawo asetyenziselwa isifo seengcongconi. I-Atovaquone kunye ne-azithromycin isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko ezinobulali ukuya kweziphakathi kwaye ihlala ithathwa kangangeentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-10. Enye irejimeni yi-clindamycin kunye ne-quinine.

Unyango lwezifo eziqatha luhlala luqukethe i-azithromycin enikwa ngemithambo kunye ne-atovaquone yomlomo okanye i-clindamycin enikezwe ngaphakathi kunye nequinine yomlomo. Ngokugula kakhulu, amanyathelo ongezelelweyo enkxaso anokuthathwa, njengotofelo-gazi.

Kuyenzeka ukuba ukubuyela umva kwakhona kwenzeke emva konyango. Ukuba unempawu kwakhona, kufuneka ziphathwe kwakhona. Abanye abantu, njengabo banamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, banokufuna ukunyangwa ixesha elide ekuqaleni ukucoca usulelo.

Indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko

Ukuphepha ukunxibelelana namakhalane lolona thintelo lubalaseleyo kwisifo se-babesiosis kunye nesifo seLyme. Ukuba uya kwimimandla enamahlathi kunye needlelo apho kukho amaxhama, thatha amanyathelo othintelo:

• Nxiba iimpahla eziphathwe nge-permethrin.
• Tshiza into yokugxotha i-DEET kwizihlangu zakho, iikawusi kunye neendawo eziveziweyo.
• Nxiba iibhulukhwe ezinde kunye neehempe ezinemikhono emide. Tuck imilenze yakho yeephenti kwiikawusi zakho ukugcina amakhalane ngaphandle.
• Hlola umzimba wakho wonke emva kokuchitha ixesha ngaphandle. Yiba nomhlobo ojonga umva wakho kunye nemilenze yakho, ngakumbi emva kwamadolo.
• Thatha ishawa kwaye usebenzise ibrashi ephathwe ixesha elide kwiindawo ongaziboniyo.

Ikhalane kufuneka linamathele kulusu lwakho ngaphambi kokuba lusasaze esisifo. Ukuncamathisela kuhlala kuthabatha iiyure ezithile emva kokuba uphawu lokukorekisha ludibene nesikhumba sakho okanye impahla. Nokuba uphawu lokuncanca lunamathele, kukho ixesha ngaphambi kokuba udlulisele esi sifunxi-gazi kuwe. Unokuba nexesha elingama-36 ukuya kuma-48 iiyure. Oku kukunika ixesha lokujonga uphawu lokukhupha kunye nokususa.

Okwangoku, kungcono ulumke kwaye ujonge amakhalane kwangoko emva kokungena ngaphakathi. Funda iingcebiso malunga nokususwa kwamakhalane ngokufanelekileyo.

Imbonakalo

Ixesha lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwi-babesiosis liyahluka ngokwabantu. Akukho sitofu sokugonya i-babesiosis. Icebisa unyango lweentsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwezi-10 nge-atovaquone kunye ne-azithromycin yamatyala angalunganga.

Eminye imibutho ejongene nokunyanga isifo seLyme ikwasebenza kakhulu kwi-babesiosis. Nxibelelana noMbutho weHlabathi weLyme kunye neMibutho yeZifo eziDibeneyo (i-ILADS) ngolwazi malunga noogqirha abagxile kwi-babesiosis.