Yintoni i-bone marrow biopsy yayo kwaye yenziwa njani?

Umxholo

• Yenzelwe ntoni
• Kwenziwa njani
• Iingozi kunye nokhathalelo emva koviwo

I-bone marrow biopsy luvavanyo olwenziwa ngenjongo yokuvavanya iimpawu zeeseli zomongo wethambo kwaye ke zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukunceda oogqirha benze uxilongo kwaye babeke iliso kwizifo ezinje nge-lymphoma, i-myelodysplasias okanye i-myeloma emininzi, kunye nokukhangela usulelo okanye ukuchonga ukuba ngaba ikhona imastastases evela kwezinye iintlobo zamathumba kule ndawo.

I-bone marrow biopsy iboniswa yi-hematologist okanye i-oncologist kwaye ihlala isenziwa ukugcwalisa i-aspirate yomongo wethambo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-myelogram, ngakumbi xa olu vavanyo lungakwazi ukubonelela ngolwazi olwaneleyo malunga nomongo wethambo kwisifo esinikiweyo.

Umongo wethambo we-biopsy unokungonwabi, njengoko uvavanyo lwenziwa ngokuqokelela isampulu yethambo le-pelvic kwaye, ke ngoko, lwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo enceda ukunciphisa ukungonwabi.

Yenzelwe ntoni

I-bone marrow biopsy luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko inika ulwazi malunga nobungakanani kunye neempawu zeeseli ezenza umongo wethambo. Ngale ndlela, uvavanyo luza kufumanisa ukuba intambo yomqolo ayinanto okanye igcwele ngokugqithileyo, ukuba kukho iidipozithi zezinto ezingafunekiyo, ezinje nge-iron okanye i-fibrosis, kunye nokujonga ubukho bezinye iiseli ezingaqhelekanga.

Ke, i-bone marrow biopsy inokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo okanye ukujonga ezinye izifo, ezinje:

• Ii-lymphomas zeHodgkin kunye nee-non-Hodgkin;
• Isifo seMyelodysplastic;
• Izifo ezingapheliyo ze-myeloproliferative;
• IMyelofibrosis;
• I-myeloma ezininzi kunye nezinye iigammopathies;
• Ukuchongwa komhlaza wesifo somhlaza;
• I-aplastic anemia kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela ukunciphisa iselfowuni kungacaciswanga;
• I-thrombocythaemia ebalulekileyo;
• Uphando ngezizathu zesifo esosulelayo, ezinjengesifo esinganyangekiyo segranulomatous;

Ukongeza, i-bone marrow biopsy nayo inokwenziwa ngenjongo yokuchonga inqanaba lezinye iintlobo zomhlaza kunye nokujonga ukuvela kwesi sifo.

Uninzi lwexesha, umongo wethambo wenziwa kunye ne-myelogram, eyenziwa kuqokelelo lwesampulu yegazi kumongo wethambo kwaye ejolise ekuvavanyeni iimpawu zeeseli zegazi eziveliswa ngumongo. Qonda ukuba yintoni i-myelogram kunye nendlela eyenziwa ngayo.

Kwenziwa njani

Inkqubo ye-biopsy yomqolo inokwenziwa kwi-ofisi kagqirha, ebhedini yesibhedlele okanye kwigumbi lokusebenza, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yezempilo yesigulana. Kuyenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo, nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ukuthomalalisa kancinci kunokuba yimfuneko, ngakumbi kubantwana okanye kwizigulana ezingakwaziyo ukusebenzisana noviwo.

Le nkqubo ihlala isenziwa kwithambo le-pelvic, kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-iliac crest, kodwa ebantwaneni inokwenziwa kwi-tibia, ithambo lomlenze. Ngokwesiqhelo, uvavanyo lwenziwa kanye emva kokuqokelelwa kwe-aspirate yomongo wethambo, enokuqokelelwa kwindawo enye.

Ngexesha loviwo, ugqirha ufaka inaliti engqindilili, eyenzelwe ngokukodwa olu vavanyo, ngesikhumba ide ifike kwinxalenye yangaphakathi yethambo, apho kuthathwa khona isampuli yesiqwengana sethambo esimalunga ne-2 cm. Emva koko, le sampuli iya kufakwa kwizilayidi zelebhu kunye neetyhubhu kwaye iya kuhlaziywa ngugqirha wezifo zengqondo okanye ugqirha wezifo.

Iingozi kunye nokhathalelo emva koviwo

I-bone marrow biopsy yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo kwaye kunqabile ukuba izise iingxaki njengokuphuma kwegazi kunye nokugruzuka kolusu, kodwa kuqhelekile ukuba isigulana sifumane iintlungu ngexesha loviwo ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 kamva.

Isigulana sinokuphinda siqhubeke nemisebenzi yesiqhelo kwimizuzu embalwa emva koviwo, kungcono ukuba aphumle ngosuku loviwo. Akukho mfuneko yokuguqula indlela otya ngayo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza, kunye nokunxitywa kwindawo yenaliti kungasuswa phakathi kwe-8 kunye neeyure ezili-12 emva koviwo.