Ufunda njani itshathi yoxinzelelo lwegazi ukumisela umngcipheko wexinzelelo

Umxholo

• Wazi amanani oxinzelelo lwegazi
• Amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwegazi ebantwaneni
• Ungakuthatha njani ukufunda
• Unyango
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi
• Iingxaki
• Uthintelo
• Thetha nogqirha wakho

Yintoni uxinzelelo lwegazi?

Uxinzelelo lwegazi lilinganisela ubungakanani bamandla egazi kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi njengempompo yentliziyo yakho. Ilinganiswa kwiimilimitha ze-mercury (mm Hg).

Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-Systolic lelona nani liphezulu kufundo. Ilinganisa uxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi njengoko intliziyo yakho icofa igazi emzimbeni wakho.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi l diastolic linani elisezantsi kufundo. Ilinganisa uxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi phakathi kokubetha kwentliziyo, ngelixa intliziyo yakho igcwalisa ligazi elibuyayo emzimbeni wakho.

Kubalulekile ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kakhulu, lunokubeka emngciphekweni wesifo sentliziyo, ukungaboni, ukungaphumeleli kwezintso, kunye nokubetha.
• Uxinzelelo, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi kakhulu, kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu, ezinje ngokuba nesiyezi okanye ukutyhafa. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kakhulu lunokonakalisa amalungu ngokuwavimba ukuhamba kwegazi kunye neoksijini.

Wazi amanani oxinzelelo lwegazi

Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba ngawaphi amanani oxinzelelo lwegazi afanelekileyo kwaye zeziphi ezibangela inkxalabo. Oku kulandelayo ngamanqanaba oxinzelelo lwegazi asetyenziselwa ukufumanisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye noxinzelelo kubantu abadala.

Ngokubanzi, i-hypotension inxulumene ngakumbi neempawu kunye neemeko ezithile kunokuba zichaze amanani. Amanani e-hypotension asebenza njengesikhokelo, ngelixa amanani oxinzelelo lwegazi achanekile ngakumbi.

Xa ujonga la manani, qaphela ukuba inye kuphela kubo ekufuneka iphakame kakhulu ukukubeka kudidi lwexinzelelo. Umzekelo, ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luyi-119/81, ungathathelwa ingqalelo ukuba unesigaba 1 soxinzelelo lwegazi.

Amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwegazi ebantwaneni

Amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwegazi ahlukile kubantwana kunokuba kunjalo kubantu abadala. Iithagethi zoxinzelelo lwegazi kubantwana zichazwe zizinto ezininzi, ezinje:

• ubudala
• isini
• ukuphakama

Thetha kugqirha wabantwana ukuba ukhathazekile ngoxinzelelo lwegazi. Ugqirha wabantwana unokuhamba ngeetshathi kwaye akuncede uqonde uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho.

Ungakuthatha njani ukufunda

Kukho iindlela ezimbalwa zokujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi. Umzekelo, ugqirha wakho unokujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi kwiofisi yabo. Iikhemesti ezininzi zikwabonelela ngezikhululo zokujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi simahla.

Ungayijonga ekhaya usebenzisa iimonitha zoxinzelelo lwegazi ekhaya. Ezi ziyafumaneka ukuze zithengwe ezikhemisti nakwiivenkile zoncedo lwezonyango.

Umbutho weAmerican Heart Association ucebisa ukuba usebenzise uxinzelelo lwegazi oluzenzekelayo olulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwingalo yakho ephezulu. Isandla okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi lokujonga iminwe nazo ziyafumaneka kodwa zisenokungabi zichanekile.

Xa uthatha uxinzelelo lwegazi, qiniseka ukuba:

• hlala uthe cwaka, umqolo uthe tye, iinyawo zixhaswe, kwaye imilenze inganqatyelwanga
• gcina ingalo yakho ephezulu kwinqanaba lentliziyo
• Qinisekisa ukuba umbindi wekhafu uhlala ngokuthe ngqo ngaphezulu kwengqiniba
• thintela ukuzilolonga, icaffeine, okanye ukutshaya kangangemizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokuba uthathe uxinzelelo lwegazi

Unyango

Ukufunda kwakho kunokubonisa ingxaki yoxinzelelo lwegazi nokuba linani elinye kuphela eliphezulu. Nokuba ungaluphi na udidi loxinzelelo lwegazi onalo, kubalulekile ukujonga rhoqo. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba kufuneka ujonge kangaphi uxinzelelo lwegazi ekhaya.

Bhala iziphumo kwijenali yoxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye wabelane ngazo nogqirha wakho. Ngumbono olungileyo ukuthatha uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho ngaphezu kwesihlandlo esinye, malunga nemizuzu emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu ukwahlukana.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu

Ukuba unoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ugqirha wakho unokujonga ngokuthe ngqo. Kungenxa yokuba yinto ebangela umngcipheko kwisifo sentliziyo.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphakamileyo yimeko ebeka emngciphekweni wexinzelelo lwegazi. Ukuba unayo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila njengokutya ukutya okusempilweni, ukunciphisa utywala, nokuzilolonga rhoqo. Oku kunokunceda ukuzisa amanani oxinzelelo lwegazi. Usenokungafuneki amayeza kagqirha.

Ukuba unesigaba 1 soxinzelelo lwegazi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila kunye namayeza. Banokuyalela ichiza elinjengepilisi yamanzi okanye umchamo, i-angiotensin eguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, i-angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), okanye i-calcium channel blocker.

Isigaba 2 soxinzelelo lwegazi sinokufuna unyango ngotshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokudityaniswa kwamayeza.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi

Uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi lufuna unyango olwahlukileyo. Ugqirha wakho usenokungayinyangi kwaphela ukuba awunazo iimpawu.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kuhlala kubangelwa yenye imeko yezempilo, enje ngengxaki ye-thyroid, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, isifo seswekile, okanye ukopha. Ugqirha wakho uya kunyanga loo meko kuqala.

Ukuba akucaci ukuba kutheni uxinzelelo lwegazi lusezantsi, unyango lunokubandakanya:

• ukutya ityuwa eninzi
• ukusela amanzi ngakumbi
• unxibe iisokisi zokucinezela ukunceda ukunqanda igazi ekuhlanganiseni kwimilenze yakho
• ukuthatha i-corticosteroid efana ne-fludrocortisone ukunceda ukwandisa umthamo wegazi

Iingxaki

Uxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye oluphantsi lwegazi kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luxhaphake kakhulu kunophantsi koxinzelelo lwegazi. Kunzima ukwazi xa uxinzelelo lwegazi luphezulu ngaphandle kokuba uyalubek ’esweni. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu alubangeli zimpawu de ube usengxakini yoxinzelelo lwegazi. Ingxaki yoxinzelelo lwegazi ifuna ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo.

Ukushiya kungalawulwa, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunokubangela:

• ukubetha
• ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-aortic
• imithambo
• isifo metabolic
• ukonakala kwezintso okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle
• ukulahleka kombono
• iingxaki zememori
• ulwelo emiphungeni

Kwelinye icala, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kunokubangela:

• isiyezi
• isiqaqa
• ukwenzakala ekuweni
• umonakalo wentliziyo
• ukulimala kwengqondo
• omnye umonakalo kumalungu

Uthintelo

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokunceda ukuthintela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Zama ezi ngcebiso zilandelayo.

• Yitya ukutya okusempilweni okubandakanya iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, ukutya okuziinkozo, amafutha asempilweni, kunye neeprotein ezinamafutha asezantsi.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwesodium. Umbutho wentliziyo yaseMelika ucebisa ngokugcina i-sodium yakho ingaphantsi kwe-2400 milligrams (mg) ngaphandle kwe-1500 mg ngosuku.
• Jonga iinxalenye zakho ukunceda ukugcina ubunzima obunempilo.
• Yeka ukutshaya.
• Zilolonge rhoqo. Ukuba awusebenzi okwangoku, qalisa kancinci kwaye usebenze indlela yakho ukuya kwimizuzu engama-30 yokuzilolonga iintsuku ezininzi.
• Ziqhelanise neendlela zokunceda uxinzelelo, ezinje ngokucamngca, iyoga kunye nokubona. Uxinzelelo olungapheliyo okanye iziganeko ezixinzelelekileyo zingathumela uxinzelelo lwegazi, ngoko ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho kunokunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Thetha nogqirha wakho

Abantu abanexinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, olungalawulekiyo kunokwenzeka ukuba baphuhlise imeko esongela ubomi.

Ukuba unoxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi, imbonakalo yakho ixhomekeke kwisizathu sayo. Ukuba kubangelwa yimeko enganyangekiyo, iimpawu zakho zinokunyuka.

Unokuwunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinzulu ngokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye oluphantsi. Oku kunokubandakanya utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye namayeza, ukuba kumiselwe. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukufumana unyango olungcono kuwe.

Funda eli nqaku ngeSpanish.