Ukuxinana kwamathambo

Umxholo

• Yintoni uvavanyo lokuxinana kwethambo?
• Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
• Kutheni ndifuna ukuskena ubuninzi bethambo?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokuvavanywa koxinano lwethambo?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga nokuvavanywa kokuxinana kwethambo?
• Izalathiso

Yintoni uvavanyo lokuxinana kwethambo?

Uvavanyo lokuxinana kwethambo, okwaziwa ngokuba siskena se-DEXA, luhlobo lovavanyo lweedosi ezisezantsi ze-x-ray ezilinganisa i-calcium kunye nezinye iiminerali emathanjeni akho. Umlinganiso unceda ukubonisa ukomelela kunye nobukhulu (obaziwa njengokuxinana kwethambo okanye ubunzima) bamathambo akho.

Uninzi lwamathambo abantu luyacutheka njengokuba bekhula. Xa amathambo esiba mncinci kunesiqhelo, yaziwa ngokuba yi-osteopenia. I-Osteopenia ikubeka emngciphekweni wesifo esibi esibizwa ngokuba yi-osteoporosis. I-Osteoporosis sisifo esiqhubela phambili esenza ukuba amathambo anciphe kakhulu kwaye aphuke. I-Osteoporosis ihlala ichaphazela abantu abadala kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abangaphezulu kweminyaka yobudala engama-65. Abantu abane-osteoporosis basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuqhekeka (amathambo aphukileyo), ngakumbi esinqeni, emqolo, nasezihlahleni.

Amanye amagama: uvavanyo lokuxinana kwamaminerali, uvavanyo lwe-BMD, scan ye-DEXA, i-DXA; Amandla ombini we-x-ray absorptiometry

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Ukuvavanywa koxinano lwethambo kusetyenziswa:

• Ukuchonga i-osteopenia (ithambo elincinci)
• Ukuchonga i-osteoporosis
• Ukuqikelela umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwexesha elizayo
• Jonga ukuba unyango lwe-osteoporosis luyasebenza

Kutheni ndifuna ukuskena ubuninzi bethambo?

Uninzi lwabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-65 okanye ngaphezulu kufuneka babe novavanyo lokuxinana kwethambo. Abasetyhini kweli qela leminyaka basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphulukana noxinano lwethambo, olunokubangela ukwaphuka. Unokuba semngciphekweni wokuxinana kwethambo ukuba:

• Unobunzima obuphantsi kakhulu bomzimba
• Ukhe wanokophuka olunye okanye nangaphezulu emva kweminyaka engama-50
• Ulahlekelwe sisiqingatha se-intshi okanye ngaphezulu ubude kunyaka omnye
• Ngaba uyindoda engaphezu kweminyaka engama-70
• Unembali yosapho ye-osteoporosis

Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya:

• Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi yomzimba
• Ukutshaya imidiza
• Ukusela kakhulu
• Ukungayifumani ngokwaneleyo i-calcium kunye novithamini D kwindlela otya ngayo

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokuvavanywa koxinano lwethambo?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa ubungakanani bethambo. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo nechanekileyo isebenzisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-DEXA scan. Ukuskena kuhlala kwenziwa kwiofisi ye-radiologist.

Ngexesha lokuskena kwe-DEXA:

• Uya kulala ngomqolo etafileni ebotshiweyo. Uya kuba nakho ukushiya iimpahla zakho zivuliwe.
• Kuya kufuneka ulale kunye nemilenze yakho ithe nkqo, okanye unokucelwa ukuba uphumle imilenze yakho eqongeni elibhinqileyo.
• Umatshini wokuskena uya kudlula ngaphezulu komqolo kunye nesinqe sakho. Kwangelo xesha, omnye umatshini wokuskena obizwa ngokuba ngumvelisi wefoto uza kudlula ngaphantsi kwakho. Imifanekiso evela koomatshini bobabini iya kudityaniswa ithunyelwe kwikhompyuter. Umboneleli wezempilo uya kujonga imifanekiso ekwiskrini yekhompyuter.
• Ngelixa oomatshini beskena, kuya kufuneka uhlale uthule kakhulu. Unokucelwa ukuba ubambe umphefumlo wakho.

Ukulinganisa ukuxinana kwethambo kwingalo, umnwe, isandla, okanye unyawo, umboneleli unokusebenzisa iskena esiphathwayo esaziwa njenge-peripheral DEXA (p-DEXA) scan.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Unokuxelelwa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha izongezo zecalcium iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48 phambi kovavanyo lwakho. Kwakhona, kufuneka uphephe ukunxiba ubucwebe bentsimbi okanye iimpahla ezinamalungu esinyithi, njengamaqhosha okanye amabhanti.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?

Uvavanyo lokuxinana kwethambo lisebenzisa iidosi ezisezantsi kakhulu zemitha. Kukhuselekile kubantu abaninzi. Kodwa ayikhuthazwa into yokuba umntu ukhulelwe. Nokuba iidosi ezisezantsi zemitha zinokwenzakalisa umntwana ongekazalwa. Qiniseka ukuba uxelele umboneleli wakho ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ucinga ukuba ukhulelwe.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Iziphumo zokuxinana kwamathambo zihlala zinikwa ngohlobo lwenqaku le-T. Amanqaku e-T ngumlinganiso othelekisa ubungakanani bethambo lakho kunye nokuxinana kwethambo komntu oneminyaka engama-30 osempilweni. Amanqaku aphantsi T athetha ukuba mhlawumbi unokulahleka kwethambo.

Iziphumo zakho zingabonisa enye yezi zilandelayo:

• Amanqaku e -1.0 okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kuthathwa njengokuxinana kwethambo njengesiqhelo.
• Amanqaku T phakathi -1.0 kunye -2.5. Oku kuthetha ukuba unesisindo esiphantsi samathambo (i-osteopenia) kwaye unokuba semngciphekweni wokukhula kwamathambo.
• Amanqaku ama-2,5 okanye ngaphantsi. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokuba ne-osteoporosis.

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zibonisa ukuba unesisindo esiphantsi samathambo, umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kuncoma amanyathelo okuthintela ukulahleka kwamathambo. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Ukufumana umthambo omninzi, kunye nemisebenzi efana nokuhamba, ukudanisa, kunye nokusebenzisa oomatshini bokuthoba ubunzima.
• Ukongeza i-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D ekudleni kwakho
• Ukuthatha amayeza kagqirha ukwandisa uxinzelelo lweethambo

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zakho kunye / okanye unyango lokulahleka kwethambo, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga nokuvavanywa kokuxinana kwethambo?

Ukuskena kwe-DEXA yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokulinganisa uxinano lwethambo. Kodwa umboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu ukuze uqinisekise ukuxilongwa okanye ukufumanisa ukuba unyango lwelahleko lwethambo luyasebenza. Oku kubandakanya uvavanyo lwegazi lwecalcium, uvavanyo lwevithamin D, kunye / okanye iimvavanyo zehomoni ezithile.

Izalathiso

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3. Ikliniki yaseMayo [kwi-Intanethi]. Isiseko seMayo seMfundo yezoNyango noPhando; c1998-2020. Uvavanyo lokuxinana kwamathambo: Ubume; 2017 Sep 7 [icatshulwe ngo-2020 kuMatshi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/bone-density-test/about/pac-20385273
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11. Ezempilo ze-UW [kwi-Intanethi]. Madison (WI): Izibhedlele zeYunivesithi yaseWisconsin kunye neGunya leKlinikhi; c2020. Ulwazi lwezeMpilo: Ukuxinana kwamathambo: Iziphumo; [ihlaziywe ngo-2019 Agasti 6; icatshulwe ngo-2020 kuMatshi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezili-9]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/bone-density/hw3738.html#hw3770
12. Ezempilo ze-UW [kwi-Intanethi]. Madison (WI): Izibhedlele zeYunivesithi yaseWisconsin kunye neGunya leKlinikhi; c2020. Ulwazi lwezeMpilo: Ukuxinana kwamathambo: iingozi; [ihlaziywe ngo-2019 Agasti 6; icatshulwe ngo-2020 kuMatshi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-8]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/medicaltest/bone-density/hw3738.html#hw3768
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Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.