Kutheni le nto i-MS ibangela iZilonda zeBongo? Into ekufuneka uyazi

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Imifanekiso yezilonda zobuchopho be-MS
• Ukuvavanywa kwezilonda zobuchopho be-MS
• Iimpawu zezilonda zobuchopho be-MS
• Unokumisa njani izilonda ezintsha ekubeni zenziwe?
• Ngaba izilonda zengqondo ze-MS ziya kumka?
• Izilonda emqolo
• Ukuthatha

Ushwankathelo

Imicu yamathambo kwingqondo yakho kunye nentambo yomqolo isongelwe kwimbrane yokukhusela eyaziwa njenge-myelin sheath. Oku kutyabeka kunceda ukwandisa isantya apho imiqondiso ihamba kunye neentsholongwane zakho.

Ukuba une-multiple sclerosis (MS), iiseli zomzimba ezingasebenziyo emzimbeni wakho zibangela ukudumba okulimaza i-myelin. Xa oko kusenzeka, iindawo ezonakeleyo ezaziwa ngokuba ngamacwecwe okanye izilonda kwifom yengqondo okanye yomqolo.

Ukulawula ngononophelo kunye nokujonga imeko kunokunceda wena nogqirha wakho ukuba uqonde ukuba iyaqhubeka. Ngokulandelayo, ukunamathela kwisicwangciso sonyango esisebenzayo kunokunciphisa okanye kucothise ukukhula kwezilonda.

Imifanekiso yezilonda zobuchopho be-MS

Ukuvavanywa kwezilonda zobuchopho be-MS

Ukuchonga kunye nokujonga ukuqhubela phambili kwe-MS, ugqirha wakho uya kuthi aodole iimvavanyo zokucinga. Ezi mvavanyo zibizwa ngokuba yi-MRI scans. Oogqirha bakwasebenzisa iimviwo zomzimba ukubeka esweni ikhosi ye-MS yakho.

Ukuskena iMRI kunokusetyenziselwa ukwenza imifanekiso yobuchopho bakho kunye nentambo yomqolo. Oku kuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba ajonge izilonda ezintsha nezitshintshayo.

Ukulandelela ukukhula kwezilonda kunokunceda ugqirha wakho afunde ukuba imeko yakho iqhubeka njani. Ukuba unezilonda ezintsha okanye ezandisiweyo, luphawu lokuba isifo siyasebenza.

Ukujonga izilonda kunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afunde ukuba isicwangciso sakho sonyango sisebenza njani. Ukuba uhlakulela iimpawu ezintsha okanye izilonda, banokucebisa utshintsho kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango.

Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda wenze izigqibo malunga nokhetho lwakho. Banokukwazisa malunga nonyango olutsha olunokukunceda.

Iimpawu zezilonda zobuchopho be-MS

Xa izilonda zikhula kwingqondo yakho okanye kwintambo yomgogodla, zinokuphazamisa ukuhamba kweempawu kunye neentsholongwane zakho. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo.

Umzekelo, izilonda zinokubangela:

• iingxaki zombono
• ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukuqina, kunye ne-spasms
• ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukubetheka ebusweni, esiqwini, kwiingalo, okanye emilenzeni
• Ukuphulukana nolungelelwaniso kunye nokulingana
• ingxaki yokulawula isinyi sakho
• isiyezi esiqhubekayo

Ixesha elingaphezulu, i-MS inokubangela ukuba kwenziwe izilonda ezintsha. Izilonda ezikhoyo zinokukhula zibe nkulu, ezinokubangela ukubuyela umva okanye ukuphazamiseka kweempawu. Oku kwenzeka xa iimpawu zakho ziba zibi okanye iimpawu ezintsha zikhula.

Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuphuhlisa izilonda ngaphandle kweempawu ezibonakalayo. Kuphela yi-1 kwizilonda ze-10 ezibangela iziphumo zangaphandle ngokweZiko leLizwe lokuPhazamiseka kweNeurological and Stroke (NINDS).

Ukunceda ukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-MS, unyango oluninzi luyafumaneka. Ukuchongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukukhula kwezilonda ezintsha.

Unokumisa njani izilonda ezintsha ekubeni zenziwe?

Amayeza amaninzi ayafumaneka ukunyanga i-MS. Olunye lolo nyango lunokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu zakho ngexesha lokuphinda ubuye okanye ulusu. Abanye banciphisa umngcipheko wezilonda ezintsha ekubunzeni nasekuncedeni ukunciphisa isifo.

Ulawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) luphumeze ngaphezulu kweshumi elinanye lonyango lokuguqula izifo (i-DMTs) ukunceda ukucothisa ukukhula kwezilonda ezintsha.

Uninzi lwe-DMTs luphuhlisiwe ukunyanga iifom zokubuyela umva ze-MS. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zazo zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ezinye iintlobo ze-MS.

Ii-DMTs ezininzi zibonise isithembiso sokuthintela izilonda ezintsha kubantu abane-MS. Umzekelo, la mayeza alandelayo anokunceda ukukhusela izilonda:

• I-interferon beta-1b (iBetaseron)
• ocrelizumab (Ocrevus)
• I-interferon-beta 1a (Avonex, Extavia)
• alemtuzumab (Lemtrada)
• cladribine (iMavenclad)
• iteriflunomide (Aubagio)
• fumaric acid
• idimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera)
• fingolimod (iGilenya)
• natalizumab (iTysabri)
• yitshitshiso
• I-glatiramer acetate (iCopaxone)

Ngokwe-NINDS, kuvavanyo lweklinikhi luyaqhubeka ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nezibonelelo ezinokubakho kunye nomngcipheko wokusebenzisa la mayeza. Ezinye zazo ziyalingwa, ngelixa ezinye zivunyiwe yi-FDA.

Ngaba izilonda zengqondo ze-MS ziya kumka?

Ukongeza ekunciphiseni ukukhula kwezilonda, kunokwenzeka ukuba ngenye imini ziphilise.

Oososayensi basebenzela ukuphuhlisa iindlela zokulungisa i-myelin, okanye iindlela zonyango ezinokunceda, ezinokunceda ukubuyisela i-myelin.

Umzekelo, kufunyenwe ukuba i-clemastine fumarate inokunceda ukukhuthaza ukulungiswa kwe-myelin kubantu abanomonakalo we-optic nerve ovela kwi-MS. I-Clemastine fumarate yi-anti-counter (OTC) antihistamine esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-allergies yexesha elithile.

Uphando olungakumbi luyafuneka ukuvavanya izibonelelo ezinokubakho kunye nomngcipheko wokusebenzisa eli yeza ukunyanga i-MS. Uphando luyaqhubeka ukuchonga kunye nokuvavanya ezinye iindlela ezinokubakho zokukhuthaza ukulungiswa kwakhona.

Izilonda emqolo

Izilonda emqolo ziqhelekile kubantu abane-MS. Kungenxa yokuba ukuchithwa kwesimo, nto leyo ebangela izilonda kwimithambo-luvo, luphawu lwe-MS. Ukudanjiswa kwesifo kwenzeka kwiimithambo zombini zobuchopho kunye nomqolo.

Ukuthatha

I-MS inokubangela ukuba izilonda zikhule kwingqondo nakwimithambo yomqolo, ezinokuthi zikhokelele kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Ukunceda ukucothisa ukukhula kwezilonda kunye nokulawula iimpawu ezinokubangela, ugqirha wakho unokumisela unyango olunye okanye nangaphezulu.

Unyango oluninzi lolingo luyaphuculwa kungekuphela nje lokumisa ukukhula kwezilonda ezintsha, kodwa kunye nokuphilisa.