Ingqondo ekhawulezayo: Into ekufuneka uyazi

Umxholo

• Zithini iimpawu zekamva eliqaqambileyo?
• Yintoni ebangela ukuba ikhawuleze ikhawuleze?
• Zifunyaniswa njani iingqondo ezikhawulezayo?
• Zinyangwa njani ngokukhawuleza?
• Ngaba ukucinga ngokukhawuleza kunokubangela iingxaki?
• Iyintoni imbonakalo yeengcamango ezikhawulezayo?

Zithini izinto ezikhawulezayo?

Ingqondo ekhawulezileyo ibhekisa kwimpendulo yomndilili ongentla ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-reflex. Ngethuba lovavanyo lwe-reflex, ugqirha wakho uvavanya i-tendon reflexes yakho enzulu ngesando se-reflex ukulinganisa impendulo yakho. Olu vavanyo luhlala lwenziwa ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba. Iimpendulo ezikhawulezileyo zinokukhokelela ekufumanekeni kwengqondo ekhawulezileyo.

Zithini iimpawu zekamva eliqaqambileyo?

Ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-reflex, izihlunu zakho zifutshane (izivumelwano) ekuphenduleni kwiitephu ezinzulu ezivela kwisando se-reflex. Ingqondo ekhawulezileyo ichaza imeko apho ikhontrakthi yezihlunu inamandla ngakumbi okanye ngaphezulu kwamaxesha aqhelekileyo.

Ukuba uneempawu ezikhawulezayo, unokufumana enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• iingxaki zokuhamba (ukuhamba)
• ubunzima bokubamba izinto
• kunzima ukugwinya
• iintlungu zemisipha kunye nokudumba
• intetho engacacanga
• ukujija

Yintoni ebangela ukuba ikhawuleze ikhawuleze?

Ingqondo ekhawulezayo inokukhula xa ii-neurons ziwohloka. Ezi neuron zikwabizwa ngokuba ziiseli zemithambo-luvo eziphezulu.

Abanye oonobangela bokuqaqamba okukhawulezayo banxulunyaniswa neemeko zemithambo-luvo, kubandakanya:

• Hyperthyroidism: Le meko inokubangela ukuba ihormone eninzi kakhulu ukuba ikhutshwe emzimbeni wakho. Oku kunokubangela ukuba imicu yemisipha iphule ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, ibangele ukuba ikhawuleze ibonakale.
• Ixhala: Ukukhawuleza kwe-adrenaline okubangelwa luxinzelelo kunokubangela ukuba ingqondo yakho iphendule ngakumbi kunesiqhelo.
• Isifo sikaLou Gehrig, okanye i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): Ukucinga ngokukhawuleza kuqhelekile kwi-ALS. Esi sifo senkqubo yemithambo-luvo sikhula xa umzimba wakho uhlasela ii-neurons zawo kwaye uchaphazela intshukumo.
• Multiple sclerosis (MS): Ngelixa i-reflexes ezibuthathaka zixhaphake kakhulu nge-MS, le meko inokukhokelela kukuqaqamba kwemisipha. Ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-reflex, ezo spasms zinokwenzeka kwaye zikhokelele kuvavanyo lwee-brisk reflexes. Nge-MS, unokuba neengxaki malunga nokuhamba kunye nokuhamba ngokubanzi, kwakhona.
• Isifo sikaParkinson: Esi imeko iguqula iiseli zengqondo ngeendlela ezinokwenza intshukumo ibenzima. Inokuthi ikhokelele ekuthambekeni kwemisipha, enokubangela iimpendulo eziphezulu ze-reflex (hypertonia).
• Ngaphambi kokubetha okanye ingqondo okanye ukulimala kwethambo lomqolo.

Zifunyaniswa njani iingqondo ezikhawulezayo?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu ezikhawulezayo ungabuza ugqirha wakho uvavanyo lwe-reflex. Olu vavanyo lunceda ekuboneni ukuba isebenza njani inkqubo ye-nervous ngokuvavanya impendulo phakathi kweendlela zakho zeemoto kunye neempendulo zovakalelo.

Ngexesha lovavanyo, ugqirha wakho unokucofa amadolo akho, i-biceps, iminwe kunye namaqatha. Impendulo eqhelekileyo ithetha ukuba ii-neurons zakho ziphendula kwimpompo esuka kwisando esine-contraction eyaneleyo (malunga namaxesha amabini).

Impendulo yakho iyonke ikalwe ngokwezi nqanaba zilandelayo:

• I-5 okanye ngaphezulu: i-hyper reflexivity ebalulekileyo; I-clonus inokwenzeka
• I-4: izihlunu eziqaqambileyo
• I-3: i-brisk reflexes (i-hyper reflexive ngaphezu kwesiqhelo)
• 2: impendulo eqhelekileyo
• 1: impendulo encinci (hypo reflexive)
• 0: akukho mpendulo iqatshelweyo

Ukufunyanwa kwe-3 okanye ngaphezulu kuwo onke amanqanaba kungafunyaniswa njengezikrelemnqa ezikhawulezayo. Ukulinganiswa kwe-5 kuthetha ukuba ikhontrakthi yakho yemisipha izihlandlo ezininzi emva kovavanyo olunzulu lwe-tendon reflex. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukala iimpendulo zakho 0 okanye 1, izihlunu zakho zibonisa okuncinci kungabikho kuncipha ngexesha lovavanyo.

Impendulo ephantsi ye-reflex yipheripheral neuropathy. Isifo seswekile, i-anemia, kunye nokusilela kweevithamini zizinto ezinokubangela ukungabikho kwengqondo. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko azibangeli ukukhawuleza.

Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo, baya kuyala ezinye iimvavanyo. Ukulinganisa iimvavanyo, ezinjengeMRI, kunokunceda ugqirha wakho abone ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo.

Zinyangwa njani ngokukhawuleza?

Unyango lwee-brisk reflexes luxhomekeke kwisizathu esingunobangela. Ukuba unesifo se-neurological disorder, amayeza anokunceda ukulawula imeko kwaye akhokelele kuzinzo lwe-reflex.

Umzekelo, i-ALS inyangwa ngamayeza okunciphisa umonakalo we-neuron. Unyango lwe-MS lujolise ekunciphiseni ukudumba kwengqondo kunye nentambo yomqolo.

Ukuba i-reflexes ekhawulezileyo inxulumene nokwenzakala, uya kuthi ubone ukuphambana kwesihlunu okuqhelekileyo njengoko uphilisa umzimba.

Kuzo zonke izinto ezibangela ukukhawuleza, unyango lomzimba okanye lomsebenzi lunokunceda. Uthotho lweeseshoni lunokukunceda ufunde ukuzilolonga kunye neendlela zokuhamba ukunceda uguqulule iingcinga ezisebenzayo. Unokufunda neendlela zokugcina inkululeko.

Ngaba ukucinga ngokukhawuleza kunokubangela iingxaki?

Impendulo engaphezulu komndilili kuvavanyo lwe-reflex inokubonisa imeko ye-neurological. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha kuya kufuneka uqhube ezinye iimvavanyo ukuze ufumane isifo. Emva kovavanyo lwe-reflex, ugqirha wakho unokuvavanya uvavanyo lwakho.

Ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo lwe-reflex ngamaxesha athile ukuze abone ukuba umsebenzi we-neuron uphucule okanye wehlile. Izifo ze-Neurological, xa zingashiywanga zinganyangwa, zinokukhokelela kwimicimbi yokuhamba kunye nokukhubazeka.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yeengcamango ezikhawulezayo?

Ukuhlaziya okungxamisekileyo kunokubonisa imeko ye-neurological ekhulayo. Kuya kufuneka ulandele ugqirha wakho, ngakumbi ukuba uqala ukufumana ezinye iimpawu. Iimpawu zakho ziya kuvavanywa ngamaxesha athile ukulinganisa naluphi na utshintsho.