Ukutshisa emadolweni

Umxholo

• Ukutsha emadolweni kubangela
• Ukutsha emadolweni ebusuku
• Ukutshiswa kunyango lwamadolo
• Idolo ligilizi iliso
• I-Knee cartilage iinyembezi (umonakalo kumphezulu odibeneyo)
• I-Osteoarthritis emadolweni
• Chondromalacia
• Intlungu yesifo sePatellofemoral (PFS)
• I-patellar tendinitis
• ITBS
• Ukuthatha

Ukutsha kweentlungu

Ngenxa yokuba idolo lelinye lawona malungu asetyenziswa ngokukuko emzimbeni womntu, iintlungu zelungu alikho isikhalazo esingaqhelekanga. Nangona iintlungu zedolo zinokuthatha iindlela ezininzi, iintlungu ezivuthayo emadolweni zinokuba sisalathiso seengxaki ezahlukeneyo.

Unokuba nemvakalelo evuthayo ebonakala ngathi iquka idolo elipheleleyo, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi livakala kwindawo ethile - exhaphake kakhulu emva kwedolo naphambi kwedolo (i-kneecap). Kweminye, uvakalelo oluvuthayo lujolise kumacala amadolo.

Ukutsha emadolweni kubangela

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokutshiswa emadolweni. Apho uziva khona ukuba ukutshisa kunento yokwenza nento ebangela ingxaki.

Ukutsha emva kwedolo kuhlala kubangelwa:

• iinyembezi zomlenze
• intlala iinyembezi
• ukulimala kakhulu
• osteoarthritis

Ukutshisa ngaphambili kwedolo kuhlala kubangelwa kukwenzakala okugqithisileyo okubizwa ngokuba lidolo lembaleki - ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-chondromalacia okanye i-patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFS). Kananjalo, inokuba yi-tendonitis ebangelwa kukudumba kwetellar tendon.

Ukutshisa ngaphandle kwedolo kuhlala kubangelwa yi-iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS).

Ukutsha emadolweni ebusuku

Abanye abantu banamava andayo edolo ebusuku. Oku kunokubangelwa zizizathu ezininzi:

• Imithambo yegazi inyuka ngobubanzi ngexesha lokulala, ukubeka uxinzelelo kwimithambo-luvo.
• Ukucinga ngentlungu yakho yomzimba ngaphandle kweziphazamiso zomhla kukhokelela kukonyuka okuqhutywa ngokwasemphefumlweni.
• Iimpawu zeHormone ziyancitshiswa ngelixa ulele, ukuvumela imiqondiso engaphezulu yeentlungu ukufikelela kwingqondo.

Ukutshiswa kunyango lwamadolo

Unyango lwedolo elivuthayo luxhomekeke kwisizathu.

Idolo ligilizi iliso

Ukuba iinyembezi zedolo ligxilwa lifunyenwe njengenxalenye, unyango lunokubandakanya:

• umthambo owomeleza izihlunu
• ukukhusela idolo, ukuze lisetyenziswe xa usenza umthambo
• Umda kwimisebenzi enokubangela umonakalo ongaphezulu

Ukulila okupheleleyo kwamadolo kungadinga ukulungiswa.

I-Knee cartilage iinyembezi (umonakalo kumphezulu odibeneyo)

Isigaba sokuqala se-cartilage unyango lwenyembezi alusebenzi kwaye lunokubandakanya:

• imithambo eyomeleza izihlunu njengonyango olubekwe esweni okanye inkqubo yovavanyo lwasekhaya
• Uncedo lwentlungu, iziyobisi ezichasayo ezingasebenziyo (ii-NSAID)
• Inaliti ze-steroid emadolweni

Kulabo imeko yabo ingaphucukanga kunyango olulondolozayo, inqanaba elilandelayo lutyando. Zininzi iindlela zotyando kubandakanya:

• Idolo ye-chondroplasty. I-cartilage eyonakalisiweyo igungxiwe ukunciphisa ukungqubana ngokudibeneyo.
• Ukudilizwa kwamadolo. Iziqwenga ze-cartilage ziyasuswa, kwaye ilunga lidityaniswa nesisombululo se-saline (lavage).
• Ukufakelwa ngokutsha kwe-Osteochondral autograft (OATS). I-cartilage engonakalanga ithathwa kwindawo engenabunzima kwaye isiwe kwindawo eyonakeleyo.
• Ukumiliselwa kwe-chondrocyte Autologous. Iqhekeza le-cartilage liyasuswa, kulinywe kwilebhu, kwaye kubuyiselwe edolweni, apho ikhula khona ibe yintlala esempilweni.

I-Osteoarthritis emadolweni

I-Osteoarthritis ayinakubuyiselwa umva, ke eyona nto inokwenziwa kukulawulwa kweempawu, ezinokubandakanya:

• Ulawulo lweentlungu kunye ne-over-the-counter (OTC) amayeza anje nge-acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) kunye ne-naproxen sodium (Aleve)
• unyango lomzimba kunye nomsebenzi
• Inaliti yecortisone

Ekugqibeleni, ukuhlinzwa ngokubambisana (i-arthroplasty) kunokufuneka.

Chondromalacia

Eyaziwa nangokuthi idolo lomgijimi, i-chondromalacia kukuwohloka kwe-cartilage phantsi kwe patella (kneecap). Unyango lokuqala lwe-chondromalacia lubandakanya:

• umkhenkce ukunciphisa ukudumba emva kokuzilolonga
• isiqabu seentlungu ngamayeza e-OTC
• ukuphumla kwidolo elihlangeneyo, elibandakanya ukuphepha ukuxubha kunye nokuguqa
• ukulungelelaniswa kwe patella kunye ne-brace, i-tape, okanye i-patellar-tracking sleeve

Ukuba unyango lokuqala lonyango aluphumeleli, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe utyando lwe-arthroscopic ukuze kugudle i-cartilage engazinzanga kunye ne-trochlear groove (i-groove ngaphezulu kwe-femur).

Intlungu yesifo sePatellofemoral (PFS)

Kumatyala amnene, i-PFS iphathwa nge:

• ukuphumla emadolweni, okubandakanya ukunqanda ukunyuka kwezitepsi kunye nokuguqa
• OTC iintlungu zonyango
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba, kubandakanya nezo ze-quadriceps, i-hamstrings, kunye ne-hip abductors
• iibhrashi ezixhasayo

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma i-arthroscopy, inkqubo yokucoca ukususa iziqwenga ze-cartilage eyonakalisiweyo.

I-patellar tendinitis

I-patellar tendinitis yinto eqhelekileyo yokulimala kwithenda edibanisa i-kneecap (patella) yakho kwi-shinbone yakho. Ihlala iphathwa nge:

• ukuphumla, ngakumbi ukunqanda ukubaleka nokutsiba
• umkhenkce ukunciphisa ukudumba
• Ulawulo lweentlungu ngokuthomalalisa iintlungu
• umthambo ugxile kwimilenze nasemlenzeni
• Ukolula ukwandisa ubude beeyunithi zemisipha yedolo
• i-patellar tendon strap ukusasaza amandla ukusuka kwithoni ukuya kumtya

Ukuba unyango olulondolozayo, olunganyangekiyo alusebenzi, ugqirha unokucebisa:

• Inaliti eneplasma eninzi
• Inkqubo yenaliti ejikelezayo

ITBS

I-ITBS yenzakala ephindaphindayo yamadolo efunyanwa ziimbaleki. Nangona ngeli xesha kungekho nyango luqinisekileyo ngalo, iimbaleki zihlala zicetyiswa ukuba zihambisane nale nkqubo yamanyathelo mane:

1. Yeka ukubaleka.
2. Qeqesha uqeqesho olungenampembelelo njengohambo lwebhayisikile kunye nedama lokubaleka.
3. Ukuphulula ii-quads, i-glutes, i-hamstrings, kunye ne-iliotibial band.
4. Yomeleza isiseko sakho, i-glutes, kunye nendawo yehip.

Ukuthatha

Ukutsha kweentlungu emadolweni kunokubonisa ingxaki ngokudibeneyo okanye izicubu ezithambileyo ezijikeleze idolo ezinje ngemisipha kunye neethoni. Ukuba iintlungu ezivuthayo emadolweni zibonakala zinxulunyaniswa nendawo ethile yamadolo-ngaphambili, ngasemva, okanye kumacala-unokukwazi ukunciphisa izinto ezinokubangela iintlungu.

Ukuba iintlungu ziyaqhubeka okanye ziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla okanye ukulala, kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho.