I-Edema yeCerebral

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Yintoni ebangela i-edema yobuchopho?
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Zithini iindlela zokhetho zonyango?
• 1. Amayeza
• 2. I-Osmotherapy
• 3. Hyperventilation
• 4. IHypothermia
• 5. IVentriculostomy
• 6. Utyando
• Ithini imbonakalo yexesha elide?

Yintoni i-edema yecerebral?

I-edema yeCerebral yaziwa ngokuba kukudumba kwengqondo. Yimeko esongela ubomi ebangela ukuba ulwelo lukhule kwingqondo.

Olu lulwelo lonyusa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kolukakayi-olubizwa ngokuba luxinzelelo lwe-intracranial (ICP). Ukonyuka kwe-ICP kunokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwengqondo kunye nokunciphisa ioksijini efunyanwa yingqondo yakho. Ingqondo ifuna ukuhamba okungaphazanyiswa kweoksijini ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukudumba kukuphendula komzimba kukonzakala. Ngamanye amaxesha inokunyangwa ngamayeza kunye nokuphumla.

Ukudumba kwengqondo kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukunyanga. Inokubangela nomonakalo ongenakulungiseka. Ukudumba kunokwenzeka kuyo yonke ingqondo okanye kwiindawo ezithile. Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-edema yobuchopho inokubulala.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

I-edema yeCerebral kunokuba nzima koogqirha ukuyifumanisa ngaphandle kovavanyo olufanelekileyo kunye novavanyo olucokisekileyo.

Kukho iimpawu zokujonga emva kokonzakala okanye usulelo olunokubonisa ukudumba. Ezinye izikhombisi ze-edema yobuchopho zibandakanya:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• isiyezi
• isicaphucaphu
• ukunqongophala kolungelelwaniso
• ukuba ndindisholo

Kwiimeko ezinzima ze-edema ye-cerebral, unokufumana iimpawu kubandakanya:

• utshintsho lweemvakalelo
• ukulahleka kwememori
• kunzima ukuthetha
• ukungakwazi ukuzibamba
• utshintsho kwingqondo
• ukuxhuzula
• ubuthathaka

Yintoni ebangela i-edema yobuchopho?

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela ukudumba kwengqondo. Ziquka:

• Ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu (i-TBI). I-TBI ibangela umonakalo kwingqondo. Ukunxibelelana ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nokuwa kunokubangela ukuba ingqondo idumbe. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-TBI inokuqhekeza ukakayi kwaye iziqwenga zokhakhayi zinokuqhekeza imithambo yegazi kwingqondo kwaye zibangele ukudumba.
• Ukubetha. Ezinye iimeko zestroke zinokubangela ukudumba kwengqondo, ngakumbi ukubetha kweschemic. Ukubethwa sischemic kwenzeka xa kukho ihlwili legazi kufutshane nengqondo, kuthintela ubuchopho ekufumaneni igazi kunye neoksijini. Oku kunokubangela ukuba iiseli zobuchopho zife kwaye nengqondo idumbe ekuphenduleni komonzakalo.
• Usulelo. Ezinye iintsholongwane zinokubangela ukugula kunye nokuphazamiseka okukhokelela kukudumba kwengqondo kunye nokudumba, ngakumbi ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa.
• Amathumba. Izidumbu zobuchopho zinokongeza uxinzelelo kwiindawo zobuchopho, zibangele ukudumba kwengqondo okujikelezileyo.

Ezinye izinto ezibangela ukudumba kwengqondo zibandakanya:

• ukuphakama okuphezulu
• ukusetyenziswa okungenampilo kweziyobisi
• usulelo lwentsholongwane
• ityhefu yekharbon monoksayidi
• Ukulunywa zizilwanyana ezinetyhefu, izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, kunye nezinye izilwanyana zaselwandle

Kufunyaniswa njani?

I-edema yeCerebral yimeko enzima yokuba oogqirha baxilonge ngaphandle kovavanyo olufanelekileyo. Ukuchongwa kwesifo kuya kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zakho kunye nesizathu esisisiseko.

Ezinye iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo oogqirha abazisebenzisayo ukufumanisa ukudumba kwengqondo kubandakanya:

• uvavanyo lomzimba ukufumanisa iintlungu, ukungonwabi, okanye ukungaqheleki
• Iskena se-CT sokuchonga indawo yokudumba
• intloko ye-MRI yokuchonga indawo yokudumba
• kuvavanyo lwegazi ukumisela unobangela wokudumba kwengqondo

Zithini iindlela zokhetho zonyango?

Ukudumba kobuchopho kunokuba yimeko esongela ubomi. Kufuneka inyangwe ngokukhawuleza. Iinketho zonyango zenzelwe ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi kunye neoksijini kwingqondo ngelixa kunciphisa ukudumba.

Kukwabalulekile ukunyanga oyena nobangela wokuthintela nawuphi na umonakalo ongaphezulu.

Kukho iindlela ezintandathu zonyango eziqhelekileyo.

1. Amayeza

Kuxhomekeke kubuzaza bemeko yakho kunye nesizathu esisisiseko, oogqirha banokukunika amayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba nokukhusela amahlwili egazi.

2. I-Osmotherapy

Xa ingqondo yakho idumba, iqokelela ulwelo olugqithisileyo. I-Osmotherapy sisixhobo esenzelwe ukukhupha amanzi kwingqondo. Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa iiarhente ze-osmotic ezinje nge mannitol, okanye ityuwa ephezulu yetyuwa. Unyango lwe-Osmotic lukwanceda ukuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi. Oku kuya kunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye ne-ICP kwikakayi.

3. Hyperventilation

Abanye oogqirha banokwenza i-hyperventilation elawulwayo ukunceda ukuthoba i-ICP yakho. Ukunyanzeliswa komzimba kubangela ukuba uphefumle ngaphezu kokuba uphefumle, unciphise inani le-carbon dioxide kwigazi lakho. Ukuhamba kwegazi okufanelekileyo kwingqondo yakho kuxhomekeke kwikharbon diokside. Ukulawula le nkqubo kunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwingqondo yakho kwaye kunciphise i-ICP.

4. IHypothermia

Enye indlela yonyango ibandakanya ukunciphisa i-hypothermia. Ukunciphisa iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni kunciphisa imetabolism kwingqondo kwaye kunokunciphisa ukudumba.

Nangona kubekho amabali empumelelo ngale ndlela, i-hypothermia elawulwayo isaphandwa.

5. IVentriculostomy

Le yinkqubo ehlaselayo ebandakanya ukukhupha ulwelo kwingqondo. Ugqirha uya kwenza incision encinci kukhakhayi kwaye afake ityhubhu njengombhobho. Le ndlela iya kunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-ICP.

6. Utyando

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu ze-edema yobuchopho, unokufuna utyando ukukhulula i-ICP. Olu tyando lunokuthetha ukushenxisa ukhakhayi okanye ukususa umthombo wokudumba, njengakwimeko yethumba.

Ithini imbonakalo yexesha elide?

Ukudumba kobuchopho yimeko enzulu enokubangela ukonakala kwexesha elide kwimemori yakho kunye nokukwazi ukucinga. Isenokubulala nokuba iphathwe kade. Ukuba uqala ukufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga emva kokuwa, ingozi, okanye ngelixa usilwa nosulelo, ndwendwela ugqirha kwangoko.