Ukuphazamiseka kwemoto engapheliyo

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwemoto engapheliyo?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto?
• Ukuqonda iimpawu zesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto
• Ukuchonga ukuphazamiseka okungapheliyo kweemoto
• Ukunyanga isifo esinganyangekiyo semoto
• Unyango lokuziphatha
• Amayeza
• Olunye unyango
• Yintoni enokulindelwa kwixesha elide?

Yintoni i-motor tic tic disorder?

Isifo esinganyangekiyo semoto yimeko ebandakanya okufutshane, okungalawulekiyo, intshukumo efana ne-spasm okanye ukugqabhuka kwezwi (kungenjalo kuthiwa ziifonikhi), kodwa hayi zombini. Ukuba zombini ukuphuma komzimba kunye nokugqabhuka kwezwi kukhona, imeko yaziwa ngokuba yiTourette syndrome.

Isifo esinganyangekiyo semoto esixhaphake kakhulu sixhaphake kuneTourette syndrome, kodwa asixhaphakanga kunesifo esidlulayo. Le yimeko yexeshana kunye nokuzikhawulela ebonakaliswa ziitics. Olunye uhlobo yi-dystonic tics, ebonakala njengokugqabhuka okungxamisekileyo kokuhamba okulandelwa kukuncipha okuzinzileyo.

Ingxaki yemoto engapheliyo iqala ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-18, kwaye ihlala isombulula kwisithuba seminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwengama-6. Unyango lunokunceda ukunciphisa iziphumo zalo esikolweni okanye kubomi bomsebenzi.

Yintoni ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwemoto engapheliyo?

Oogqirha abaqinisekanga ngokupheleleyo ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwemoto okanye ukuba kutheni abanye abantwana bekhula ngaphambi kwabanye. Abanye bacinga ukuba isifo esinganyangekiyo semoto sinokubangelwa kukungahambi kakuhle komzimba okanye imichiza kwingqondo.

I-Neurotransmitters ziikhemikhali ezihambisa imiqondiso kuyo yonke ingqondo. Basenokuba babhala gwenxa okanye abanxibelelani ngokuchanekileyo. Oku kubangela ukuba "umyalezo" ofanayo uthunyelwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Isiphumo sisifundo somzimba.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto?

Abantwana abanembali yosapho yeetics ezingapheliyo okanye iitwitchs kunokwenzeka ukuba baphuhlise ukungapheliyo kwesifo. Amakhwenkwe kunokwenzeka ukuba abe nesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto esingaphaya kwamantombazana.

Ukuqonda iimpawu zesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto

Abantu abanesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto abanokubonisa ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ubuso obomeleleyo
• Ukuqhwanyaza kakhulu, ukujija, ukujija, okanye ukunyusa amagxa
• ngequbuliso, ukuhamba okungalawulekiyo kwemilenze, iingalo, okanye umzimba
• izandi ezinjengokususa umqala, ukugquma, okanye ukuncwina

Abanye abantu baneemvakalelo zomzimba ezingaqhelekanga ngaphambi kokuba i-tic ivele. Bahlala bekwazi ukuzibamba iimpawu zabo ixesha elifutshane, kodwa oku kufuna umgudu. Ukunikezela kwi-tic kuzisa imeko yokukhululeka.

IiTics zinokwenziwa zimbi ngoku:

• imincili okanye ukuvuseleleka
• ukudinwa okanye ukungalali ngokwaneleyo
• uxinzelelo
• ubushushu obugqithisileyo

Ukuchonga ukuphazamiseka okungapheliyo kweemoto

Ii-Tics zixilongwa ngexesha lokuqeshwa kwe-ofisi rhoqo. Ezi mfuno zimbini zilandelayo kufuneka zifezekiswe ukuze wena okanye umntwana wakho afumane isifo esinganyangekiyo sokuphazamiseka kwemoto:

• Iitics kufuneka zenzeke phantse yonke imihla ngaphezulu konyaka.
• Iitics kufuneka zibekhona ngaphandle kwexesha lokufunda ngaphandle kweenyanga ezi-3.
• Iitics kufuneka ziqale ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-18.

Akukho vavanyo lunokuchonga imeko.

Ukunyanga isifo esinganyangekiyo semoto

Uhlobo lonyango olufumanayo lwesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto luya kuxhomekeka kubuzima bemeko kunye nendlela ekubuchaphazela ngayo ubomi bakho.

Unyango lokuziphatha

Unyango ngokuziphatha lunokunceda umntwana ukuba afunde ukubamba i-tic ixesha elincinci. Ngokwophando lowe-2010 olupapashwe kwiJenali yeAmerican Medical Association, indlela yonyango ebizwa ngongenelelo olupheleleyo lokuziphatha kweetics (CBIT) ziphucule kakhulu iimpawu ebantwaneni.

Kwi-CBIT, abantwana abane-tics baqeqeshelwe ukuqaphela umnqweno we-tic, kunye nokusebenzisa enye indawo okanye impendulo ekhuphisanayo endaweni ye-tic.

Amayeza

Amayeza anokunceda ukulawula okanye ukunciphisa i-tics. Amayeza ahlala esetyenziselwa ukulawula ii-tics abandakanya:

• iHaloperidol (iHaldol)
• pimozide
• irisperidone (irisperdal)
• aripiprazole (Yenza)
• itopiramate (Topamax)
• clonidine
• guanfacine
• amayeza asekwe kwi-cannabis

Kukho ubungqina obunqunyelweyo bokuba i-cannabinoid delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol) inceda ukumisa i-tics kubantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, iimveliso ezisekwe kwi-cannabis akufuneki zinikezwe abantwana nakwishumi elivisayo, okanye abasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye abanyisayo.

Olunye unyango

Izitofu zetyhefu ye-botulinum (eyaziwa njenge-Botox inaliti) inokunyanga ezinye i-dystonic tics. Abanye abantu bafumana isiqabu ngokufakwa kwe-electrode kwingqondo.

Yintoni enokulindelwa kwixesha elide?

Abantwana abanesifo esinganyangekiyo semoto esiphakathi kweminyaka emi-6 ukuya ku-8 bahlala bechacha. Iimpawu zabo ziyema ngaphandle konyango kwiminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwe-6.

Abantwana abahlakulela imeko xa sele bekhulile kwaye baqhubeka befumana iimpawu kwi-20 yabo abanako ukugqithisa ingxaki ye-tic. Kwezo meko, kunokuba yimeko yobomi bonke.