UkuSebenza kunye nokuBuyisa emva koNyango lweCardiac

Umxholo

• Ukubuyiswa kotyando lwentliziyo
• Xa ubuyela kwagqirha
• Iindidi zotyando lwentliziyo
• Utyando lwentliziyo yabantwana

Ixesha langemva kokuhlinzwa kotyando lwentliziyo luqukethe ukuphumla, ngakumbi kwiCandelo loKhathalelo oluKhulu (ICU) kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-48 emva kwenkqubo. Kungenxa yokuba kwi-ICU kukho zonke izixhobo ezinokusetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni isigulana kwesi sigaba sokuqala, apho kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuphazamiseka kwe-electrolyte, njenge-sodium kunye ne-potassium, i-arrhythmia okanye ukubanjwa kwentliziyo, okungxamisekileyo imeko apho intliziyo iyeka ukubetha okanye ukubetha kancinci, okungakhokelela ekufeni. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Emva kweeyure ezingama-48, umntu uya kuba nakho ukuya kwigumbi okanye kwiwadi, kwaye kufuneka ahlale de ugqirha wezentliziyo aqinisekise ukuba kukhuselekile ukuba angabuyela ekhaya. Ukukhutshwa kuxhomekeke kwinani lezinto ezinje ngempilo ngokubanzi, ukutya kunye nenqanaba lentlungu, umzekelo.

Kanye emva koqhaqho lwentliziyo, kubonisiwe ukuba umntu uqala unyango lwe-physiotherapy, ekufuneka lwenziwe malunga neenyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 okanye nangaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kwimfuno, ukuze ibuphucule umgangatho wobomi kwaye ivumele ukubuyela empilweni.

Ukubuyiswa kotyando lwentliziyo

Ukubuyiselwa kwimeko yoqhaqho lwentliziyo kuhamba kancinci kwaye kunokuchitha ixesha kwaye kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenziwe ngugqirha. Ukuba ugqirha wezentliziyo ukhethe utyando lwentliziyo olungenayo kangako, ixesha lokubuyisela lifutshane, kwaye umntu angabuyela emsebenzini malunga nenyanga enye. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba utyando lwesiko lwenziwe, ixesha lokubuyisela linokufikelela kwiintsuku ezingama-60.

Emva kotyando, umntu kufuneka alandele izikhokelo zikagqirha ukuthintela iingxaki kunye nokukhawulezisa inkqubo yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, enje:

• Ukunxiba kunye nokuthungwa. Ukunxitywa kotyando kufuneka kutshintshwe liqela labongikazi emva kokuhlamba. Xa isiguli sikhululwe ekhaya, sele enganxibanga. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba uhlambe kwaye usebenzise isepha engathathi hlangothi ukuhlamba indawo yotyando, ukongeza ukomisa indawo ngetawuli ecocekileyo nokunxiba iimpahla ezicocekileyo ezinamaqhosha ngaphambili ukulungiselela ukubekwa kweengubo;

  
  

• Unxibelelwano olusenyongweni: unxibelelwano olusenyongweni kufuneka luphindwe emva kweentsuku ezingama-60 zotyando lwentliziyo, njengoko lunokutshintsha ukubetha kwentliziyo;

• Iingcebiso ngokubanzi: Akuvumelekile kwisithuba sasemva komsetyenzana ukwenza iinzame, ukuqhuba, ukuthwala ubunzima, ukulala esiswini sakho, ukutshaya nokutya iziyobisi. Emva kotyando kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nemilenze idumbile, ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthathe uhambo olulula yonke imihla kwaye uphephe ukuhlala ixesha elide. Xa uphumle, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphumle iinyawo zakho kumqamelo kwaye uzigcine ziphakamile.

Xa ubuyela kwagqirha

Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubuyele kugqirha wezentliziyo xa enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo zibonakala:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezulu ko 38ºC;
• Iintlungu zesifuba;
• Ukuphefumla kancinci okanye isiyezi;
• Uphawu losuleleko ekusikeni (ukuphuma kobofu);
• Imilenze idumbile okanye ibuhlungu.

Utyando lwentliziyo luhlobo lonyango lwentliziyo olunokwenziwa ukulungisa umonakalo kwintliziyo uqobo, imithambo exhunywe kuyo, okanye ukuyibuyisela. Utyando lwentliziyo lunokwenziwa nangaliphi na ubudala, ngomngcipheko ophezulu weengxaki kubantu abadala.

Iindidi zotyando lwentliziyo

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zotyando lwentliziyo olunokucetyiswa yi-cardiologist ngokweempawu zomntu, ezinje:

• I-myocardial revascularization, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukudlula ngakwicala lotyando- jonga indlela olwenziwa ngayo utyando olwenziwa ngokudlula
• Ukulungiswa kwezifo zeValve njengokulungiswa okanye ukutshintshwa kwevalve;
• Ukulungiswa kwezifo zomthambo weAortic;
• Ukulungiswa kwezifo zentliziyo yengqondo;
• Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo, apho intliziyo ithathelwa indawo yenye into. Yazi xa ukufakelwa kwentliziyo kwenziwe, umngcipheko kunye nobunzima;
• Ukufakelwa kweCardacacacemaker, esisisixhobo esincinci esinomsebenzi wokulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo. Qonda ukuba utyando lwenziwa njani ukubeka pacemaker.

Unyango lwentliziyo oluncediweyo oluncedayo luquka ukusika kwicala lesifuba, malunga ne-4 cm, evumela ukungena kwesixhobo esincinci esinokubona nokulungisa nawuphi na umonakalo entliziyweni. Olu tyando lwentliziyo lunokwenziwa kwimeko yesifo sentliziyo esibelekweni kunye ne-coronary insufficiency (i-myocardial revascularization). Ixesha lokubuyisela lincitshisiwe ngeentsuku ezingama-30, kwaye umntu angabuyela kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo kwiintsuku ezili-10, nangona kunjalo olu hlobo lotyando lwenziwa kuphela kwiimeko ezikhethiweyo.

Utyando lwentliziyo yabantwana

Utyando lwentliziyo kwiintsana, kunye nasebantwaneni, lufuna ulumkiso olukhulu kwaye kufuneka lwenziwe ziingcali ezikhethekileyo kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, lolona hlobo lonyango lonyango lokugcina ubomi bomntwana ozelwe enesifo sentliziyo.