Oko Ufanele Ukwazi Ngokuphambi kwesifo seswekile

Umxholo

• Ukuqonda isifo seswekile
• Iimpawu seswekile
• Oonobangela kunye nemingcipheko yomntu onesifo seswekile
• Ukuchonga isifo seswekile
• Iiklasi zesifo seswekile esandulelayo kunye nokukhulelwa
• Iiklasi zesifo seswekile
• Iiklasi zesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa
• Ukubeka iliso kunye nokunyanga isifo seswekile esandulelayo
• Iingxaki ezinxulumene nesifo seswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa
• Iingcebiso malunga nokukhulelwa okusempilweni ukuba unesifo seswekile
• Thetha noogqirha bakho

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Ukuqonda isifo seswekile

Isifo seswekile esandulelayo senzeka xa unohlobo 1 okanye uhlobo lweswekile yesibini ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Isifo seswekile sangaphambi kokunyanga sineeklasi ezilithoba ezixhomekeke kubudala bakho ekufumaniseni isifo kunye neengxaki ezithile zesifo.

Udidi lwesifo seswekile oluxelele ugqirha wakho malunga nobuzaza bemeko yakho. Umzekelo, isifo sakho seswekile sikudidi C ukuba usiphuhlisile phakathi kweminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-19. Iswekile yakho ikwadidi C ukuba ubunesi sifo iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-19 kwaye awunangxaki yemithambo.

Ukuba neswekile xa ukhulelwe kwandisa umngcipheko kuwe nakumntwana wakho. Ukuba unesifo seswekile, ukukhulelwa kwakho kuya kufuna ukubeka iliso ngakumbi.

Iimpawu seswekile

Iimpawu zesifo seswekile zibandakanya:

• ukunxanwa kakhulu nendlala
• ukuchama rhoqo
• utshintsho kubunzima
• ukudinwa kakhulu

Ukukhulelwa kunokubangela iimpawu ezinjengokuchama rhoqo kunye nokudinwa. Kubalulekile ukubeka esweni amanqanaba akho eglucose ukukunceda wena nogqirha wakho ukuba nazi izizathu zezi mpawu.

Iimpawu zakho ziya kuba nento yokwenza nokulawulwa kakuhle kwesifo seswekile kunye nendlela okhulelwe ngayo.

Oonobangela kunye nemingcipheko yomntu onesifo seswekile

Ipancreas ivelisa i-insulin. I-insulin inceda umzimba wakho:

• sebenzisa iswekile nezinye izakha-mzimba ekutyeni
• gcina amanqatha
• ukwakha protein

Ukuba umzimba wakho awuyivelisi ngokwaneleyo i-insulin okanye uyisebenzisa ngokungafanelekanga, amanqanaba eglucose egazini lakho aya kuba phezulu kunesiqhelo kwaye achaphazele indlela osebenza ngayo umzimba wakho.

Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile

Uhlobo lwe-1 lweswekile lwenzeka xa iipancreas zakho zingakwazi ukuvelisa i-insulin. Kungenzeka xa amajoni akho omzimba ehlasela ngempazamo iipancreas. Inokwenzeka kwakhona ngezizathu ezingaziwayo. Abaphandi abaqinisekanga ukuba kutheni abantu bekhulisa uhlobo lwesifo seswekile.

Kungenzeka ukuba uhlakulele uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile ukuba unembali yosapho kwesi sifo. Abantu abanesifo seswekile soku-1 bahlala befumana uxilongo ebuntwaneni.

Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile

Uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile luxhaphake kunohlobo lweswekile. Iqala ngokuchasene ne-insulin. Ukuba unokunganyangeki kwi-insulin, umzimba wakho awusebenzisi i-insulin ngokufanelekileyo okanye awusenzi i-insulin eyaneleyo.

Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukuba nembali yosapho kwesi sifo kwandisa umngcipheko wokufumana uhlobo lwesibini lweswekile. Ukuba nokutya okungalunganga kunye nokungasebenzi emzimbeni kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokufumana uhlobo lweswekile yesibini.

Ukuchonga isifo seswekile

Ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uthotho lovavanyo lwegazi kunye nokuzila ukutya ukubanceda ukuba bafumane isifo. Funda ngakumbi malunga neemvavanyo zeswekile.

Abanye abantu basetyhini banesifo seswekile kuphela ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba sisifo seswekile sokukhulelwa. Oogqirha bahlolisisa uninzi lwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kwisifo seswekile njengenxalenye yokhathalelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka.

Iiklasi zesifo seswekile esandulelayo kunye nokukhulelwa

Isifo seswekile sangaphambi kokukhetha sahlulwe, ngelixa isifo seswekile sokwahlulahlulwa sangamacandelo amabini.

Iiklasi zesifo seswekile

Oku kulandelayo ziiklasi zesifo seswekile esandulelayo:

• Ukuqala kweklasi A isifo seswekile sinokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Ungalulawula olu didi lweswekile ngokutya kuphela.
• Isifo seswekile esikwinqanaba B kwenzeka ukuba ube nesifo seswekile emva kweminyaka engama-20, unesifo seswekile iminyaka engaphantsi kwe-10, kwaye awunangxaki ye-vascular.
• Isifo seswekile esikuDidi C senzeka ukuba usiphuhlisile phakathi kweminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-19. Isifo seswekile ikwaludidi C ukuba ubunesi sifo iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-19 kwaye awunangxaki yemithambo.
• Isifo seswekile sodidi D senzeka xa ukhula isifo seswekile ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-10, unesifo seswekile ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20, kwaye uneengxaki zemithambo.
• Isifo seswekile sodidi F senzeka nge-nephropathy, isifo sezintso.
• Isifo seswekile esikwinqanaba R sivela kwi-retinopathy, isifo samehlo.
• I-Class RF yenzeka kubantu abane-nephropathy kunye ne-retinopathy.
• Isifo seswekile sodidi T senzeka kumfazi ofakelwe izintso.
• Isifo seswekile seklasi H senzeka ngesifo somthambo (i-CAD) okanye esinye isifo sentliziyo.

Iiklasi zesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa

Ukuba awunaso isifo seswekile de ukhulelwe, unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa.

Isifo seswekile esibelekweni sineeklasi ezimbini. Unokulawula iklasi yeswekile ye-A1 ngokutya kwakho. Ukuba uneklasi yesifo seswekile i-A2, udinga i-insulin okanye amayeza omlomo ukuyilawula.

Isifo seswekile sikamama sihlala sisethutyana, kodwa sonyusa umngcipheko wokuba nohlobo lwesibini lweswekile kamva ebomini.

Ukubeka iliso kunye nokunyanga isifo seswekile esandulelayo

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho, uyakufuna ukubekwa esweni okungaphezulu kwesifo seswekile.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uyakubona i-OB-GYN yakho, ugqirha we-endocrinologist, kwaye mhlawumbi ugqirha we-perinatologist. I-perinatologist yingcali yamayeza okhulelweyo kosana olungekazalwa.

Zininzi iindlela ezikhoyo zokujonga nokunyanga isifo seswekile esandulelayo

• Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile xa ukhulelwa kukugqitha kuluhlu lwakho lwamayeza nogqirha wakho. Amanye amayeza anokungakhuseleki ukuthatha ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Usaya kuthatha i-insulin, kodwa kuya kufuneka uhlengahlengise idosi ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Ukubeka iliso kumanqanaba eglucose egazini yinto ephambili. Oku kuthetha ukuthatha uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo rhoqo.
• Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazisa ukuba ungatshintsha njani indlela otya ngayo kwaye zeziphi iindlela zokuzilolonga ezilungele wena nosana lwakho.
• Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa imaging ye-ultrasound ukuvavanya ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana wakho, iintshukumo, kunye nenani le-amniotic fluid.
• Isifo seswekile sinokunciphisa ukukhula kwemiphunga yosana lwakho. Ugqirha wakho unokwenza i-amniocenteis ukujonga ukukhula kwemiphunga yomntwana wakho.
• Impilo yakho, impilo yomntwana wakho, kunye nobunzima bomntwana wakho kuya kunceda ugqirha wakho abone ukuba ungahambisa ngesini okanye ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwe-cearean kuyafuneka.
• Ugqirha wakho uya kuqhubeka nokubeka iliso kumanqanaba eglucose egazini ngokusondeleyo ngexesha lomsebenzi kunye nokuhanjiswa. Izidingo zakho ze-insulin ziya kuphinda zitshintshe emva kokuhanjiswa.

Ivenkile yeglucose yegazi ekhaya okanye uvavanyo lweglucose ekhaya.

Iingxaki ezinxulumene nesifo seswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Abasetyhini abaninzi abanesifo seswekile bathwala kwaye bahambisa abantwana abasempilweni ngaphandle kwengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesifo seswekile, wena nosana lwakho nisengozini yokunyuka kweengxaki. Kubalulekile ukuba ubazi.

Iingxaki ezinokuchaphazela umama ngexesha lokukhulelwa zibandakanya:

• umchamo, isinyi, kunye nosulelo lobufazi
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye preeclampsia; le meko inokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso kunye nesibindi
• ukwanda kweengxaki zamehlo ezinxulumene neswekile
• ukwanda kweengxaki zezintso ezinxulumene neswekile
• ukuhanjiswa okunzima
• Isidingo sokuhanjiswa kwe-cearean

Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile, ngakumbi kwikota yokuqala yokuqala, anokunyusa umngcipheko weziphene zokuzalwa. Iingxaki ezinokuchaphazela umntwana zibandakanya:

• ukuphuma kwesisu
• ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha
• ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphezulu
• iswekile yegazi esezantsi, okanye i-hypoglycemia, ekuzalweni
• ukutyheli ixesha elide kolusu, okanye i-jaundice
• uxinzelelo lokuphefumla
• iziphene zokuzalwa, kubandakanya iziphene zentliziyo, imithambo yegazi, ingqondo, umqolo, izintso, kunye nomgudu wokugaya ukutya
• ukuzalwa komntwana oswelekileyo

Iingcebiso malunga nokukhulelwa okusempilweni ukuba unesifo seswekile

Ukuba unesifo seswekile, ukubeka iliso kwimpilo yakho kuya kubaluleke ngakumbi xa uthatha isigqibo sokuba nomntwana. Ngokukhawuleza uqala ukucwangcisa, ngcono. Landela ezi ngcebiso zingezantsi zokukhulelwa okusempilweni.

Thetha noogqirha bakho

• Bona i-endocrinologist yakho kunye ne-OB-GYN yakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuba usempilweni kwaye isifo sakho seswekile siphantsi kolawulo. Ukugcina isifo seswekile silawulwa kakuhle iinyanga ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe kunokunciphisa umngcipheko kuwe nakumntwana wakho.
• Tshela ugqirha wakho malunga nawo onke amayeza kunye nezongezelelo ozithathayo ngoku. Ukuba ukhulelwe, baxelele ngawo onke amayeza kunye nezongezelelo ozithathileyo okoko ukhulelweyo.
• I-folic acid inceda ukukhulisa ukukhula okunempilo kunye nophuhliso. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka uthathe i-folic acid okanye ezinye iivithamini ezizodwa.
• Thatha iivithamini ngaphambi kokubeleka ukuba ugqirha wakho uyacebisa.
• Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba iinjongo zakho zeglucose yegazi kufuneka zibe yintoni.
• Jonga ugqirha wakho kwakhona kwangoko xa ucinga ukuba ukhulelwe. Qinisekisa ukuba oogqirha banxibelelana nabanye.
• Gcina lonke ixesha lokuya kubeleka.
• Tshela ugqirha wakho malunga naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga kwangoko.

Thenga iivithamini zokubeleka.

Sebenzisa imikhwa yokuphila esempilweni

• Gcina ukutya okusempilweni kubandakanya iintlobo zemifuno, iinkozo kunye neziqhamo. Khetha iimveliso zobisi ze-nonfat. Fumana iprotheni ngohlobo lweembotyi, iintlanzi kunye nenyama engenamafutha. Ulawulo lwesahlulo nalo lubalulekile.
• Zilolonge yonke imihla.
• Qinisekisa ukuba ufumana inani elifanelekileyo lokulala ubusuku ngabunye.

Lungela

• Cinga ukunxiba isacholo sonyango esibonisa ukuba unesifo seswekile.
• Qiniseka ukuba iqabane lakho, iqabane lakho, okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe uyazi ukuba makenze ntoni xa unengxaki yonyango.