Zeziphi iimpembelelo ezinazo icocaine entliziyweni yakho?

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Iziphumo zecocaineyo kwimpilo yentliziyo
• Ifuthe legazi
• Ukuqina kwemithambo
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-aortic
• Ukudumba kwezihlunu zentliziyo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesingqisho sentliziyo
• Ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo okubangelwa yiCocaine
• Iimpawu zeengxaki zentliziyo ezinxulumene necocaine
• Unyango lweengxaki zentliziyo ezinxulumene necocaine
• Ukufumana uncedo lokusetyenziswa kwecocaine
• Ukuthatha

Ushwankathelo

Cocaine sisiyobisi esinamandla esivuselelayo. Yenza iziphumo ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni. Umzekelo, ivuselela inkqubo ye-nervous central, ebangela ukuphakama okuphezulu. Ikwabangela uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ukuba kunyuke, kwaye kuphazamisa imiqondiso yombane yentliziyo.

Ezi ziphumo zentliziyo kunye ne-cardiovascular system zonyusa umngcipheko womntu kwimicimbi yezempilo enxulumene nentliziyo, kubandakanya isifo sentliziyo. Ewe, abaphandi base-Australia baqale basebenzisa ibinzana elithi "iyeza elichanekileyo lokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo" kuphando abalunikezela kwi-American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions ngo-2012.

Umngcipheko wentliziyo yakho kunye nenkqubo yentliziyo ayizi kuphela emva kweminyaka yokusetyenziswa kwecocaine; Iziphumo zecocaine ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni wakho ukuze ube nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nedosi yakho yokuqala.

I-cocoaine yayiyeyona nto ibangela utyelelo olunxulumene nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi kumasebe kaxakeka (i-ED) ngo-2009. (IiOpioids zezona zinto zikhokelela kutyelelo olunxulumene neziyobisi lwe-ED.) Uninzi lwolu tyelelo olunxulumene necocaine lwalubangelwa zizikhalazo zentliziyo, esifubeni Intlungu kunye nentliziyo ebalekayo, ngokwe.

Masiqwalasele ngokusondeleyo ukuba icocaine iwuchaphazela njani umzimba kwaye kutheni iyingozi kwimpilo yentliziyo yakho.

Iziphumo zecocaineyo kwimpilo yentliziyo

I-cocoaine sisiyobisi esisebenza ngokukhawuleza, kwaye sibangela iintlobo ezininzi zeziphumo ezibi emzimbeni. Nazi ezinye zechiza elinokuba nalo entliziyweni yakho nakwimithambo yegazi.

Ifuthe legazi

Kungekudala emva kokuba i-cocaine ifakiwe, intliziyo yakho iya kuqala ukubetha ngokukhawuleza. Kwangelo xesha, icocaine icutha ii-capillaries zomzimba wakho kunye nemithambo yegazi.

Oku kubeka inqanaba eliphezulu loxinzelelo, okanye uxinzelelo, kwinkqubo yakho yemithambo, kwaye intliziyo yakho inyanzelekile ukuba impompe nzima ukuhambisa igazi emzimbeni wakho. Uxinzelelo lwegazi luya kunyuka ngenxa yoko.

Ukuqina kwemithambo

Ukusetyenziswa kwecocaine kungakhokelela ekuqineni kwemithambo kunye nee-capillaries. Le meko, ibizwa ngokuba yi-atherosclerosis, ayibonakali kwangoko, kodwa umonakalo wexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide obangelwa yiyo unokukhokelela kwisifo sentliziyo kunye neminye imiba enokubusongela ubomi.

Ngapha koko, yabantu abasweleke ngesiquphe emva kokusetyenziswa kwecocaine babonisa isifo esiqhekeza isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi.

Ukuqhekeka kwe-aortic

Ukonyuka ngesiquphe koxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kwimisipha yentliziyo kunokukhokelela ekukhaleni ngequbuliso eludongeni lwe-aorta yakho, umthambo ophambili emzimbeni wakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-aortic dissection (AD).

I-AD inokuba buhlungu kwaye isongele ubomi. Ifuna unyango kwangoko. Izifundo ezindala zibonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwecocaine kwakuyinto efikelela kwiipesenti ezingama-9.8 zamatyala e-AD.

Ukudumba kwezihlunu zentliziyo

Ukusetyenziswa kwecocoaine kunokubangela ukudumba kwimaleko yemisipha yentliziyo yakho. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuvuvukala kunokukhokelela ekuqineni kwemisipha. Oku kunokwenza intliziyo yakho ingasebenzi kakuhle ekumpomeni igazi, kwaye inokubangela iingxaki ezisongela ubomi, kubandakanya nokusilela kwentliziyo.

Ukuphazamiseka kwesingqisho sentliziyo

I-cocoaine inokuphazamisa inkqubo yombane yentliziyo yakho kwaye iphazamise imiqondiso exelela icandelo ngalinye lentliziyo yakho ukuba impompe ngokuvumelanisa nabanye. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi-arrhythmias, okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.

Ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo okubangelwa yiCocaine

Iziphumo ezahlukeneyo entliziyweni nakwimithambo yegazi evela ekusebenziseni icocaine yonyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. I-cocoaine inokubangela ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi, imithambo eqinileyo, kunye neendonga zentliziyo ezixineneyo, ezinokukhokelela kwisifo sentliziyo.

Uphononongo luka-2012 lwabasebenzisi becocaine bokuzonwabisa bafumanisa ukuba impilo yeentliziyo zabo zibonisa ukonakala okubonakalayo. I-avareji ye-30 ukuya kwi-35 yepesenti yokuqina kwe-aortic kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunabasebenzisi be-cocaine.

Babenokwanda nge-18 yeepesenti kubukhulu beentliziyo zekhohlo ze-ventricle. Ezi zinto zinxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha.

Kufunyenwe ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwecocaine rhoqo kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo wokufa ngaphambi kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, olu phononongo alukhange ludibanise ukusweleka kwangethuba nokufa okunxulumene nentliziyo.

Oko bekutshiwo, kufunyenwe ukuba iipesenti ezi-4.7 zabantu abadala abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50 basebenzise icocaine ngexesha lokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okokuqala.

Ngaphezulu, icocaine kunye / okanye intsangu yayikhona kubantu ababenesifo sentliziyo abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50. Ukusetyenziswa kwala machiza kunyuse kakhulu umngcipheko wokufa kwabantu okunxulumene nentliziyo.

Ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo okubangelwa yi-cocoaine ayisiyiyo nje ingozi kubantu abaye basebenzisa iyeza iminyaka. Ngapha koko, umsebenzisi okwesihlandlo sokuqala unokufumana isifo sentliziyo esibangelwa yicocaine.

Ukusetyenziswa kwecocoaine kusweleka ngesiquphe kubasebenzisi abaneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-49 ubudala, ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo.

Iimpawu zeengxaki zentliziyo ezinxulumene necocaine

Ukusetyenziswa kwecocoaine kunokubangela iimpawu ezinxulumene nentliziyo kwangoko. Oku kubandakanya ukonyuka kwentliziyo, ukubila, kunye nokubetha. Intlungu yesifuba inokwenzeka, nayo. Oku kunokukhokelela abantu ukuba bafune unyango esibhedlele okanye kwigumbi likaxakeka.

Owona monakalo ubalulekileyo entliziyweni, nangona kunjalo, unokuvela uthe cwaka. Lo monakalo uhlala unokuba nzima ukuwubona. ifumanise ukuba iimvavanyo zonyango azifane zibonise ukonakala kwimithambo yegazi yomsebenzisi wecocaine okanye intliziyo.

Uvavanyo lwe-cardiovascular resonance (CMR) lunokubona umonakalo. Ii-CMRs zenziwa kubantu abasebenzisa icocaine bonisa ulwelo olugqithisileyo entliziyweni, ukuqina kwemisipha kunye nokuqina, kunye notshintsho kwisindululo seendonga zentliziyo. Iimviwo zesiko zisenokungabonisi uninzi lwezi mpawu.

I-electrocardiogram (ECG) inokuphinda ifumane umonakalo othuleyo kwiintliziyo zabantu abasebenzisa icocaine. Abasebenzisi becocaine bafumanise ukuba iqondo lokuphumla lokuphumla liphantsi kakhulu kubantu abasebenzisa icocaine xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangakhange basebenzise iyeza.

Kwakhona, oku kufumanise ukuba i-ECG ibonisa ukuba abasebenzisi becocaine bane bradycardia ebukhali, okanye ukupompa okucothayo ngokungaqhelekanga. Ubuzaza bemeko buba mandundu ngokude umntu asebenzise icocaine.

Unyango lweengxaki zentliziyo ezinxulumene necocaine

Uninzi lonyango kwimicimbi enxulumene necocaine yentliziyo iyafana naleyo isetyenziswayo kubantu abangakhange basebenzise iyeza. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwecocaine kuyazenza nzima ezinye iindlela zonyango zonyango.

Umzekelo, abantu abasebenzisa icocaine abanakuthatha iibhlokhi ze-beta. Olu hlobo lonyango olubalulekileyo lusebenza ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokuthintela iziphumo zehomoni adrenaline. Ukuthintela iadrenaline kunciphisa ukubetha kwentliziyo kwaye kuvumela intliziyo ukuba impompe kancinci.

Kubantu abasebenzisa i-cocaine, i-beta blockers inokuthi ikhokelele ekuxinaneni kwesitya segazi, esinokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi nangakumbi.

Ugqirha wakho unokuba madolw 'anzima ukusebenzisa i-stent entliziyweni yakho ukuba unesifo sentliziyo kuba inokunyusa umngcipheko wokujiya kwegazi. Ngelo xesha, ugqirha wakho akanako ukusebenzisa amayeza e-clot-busting if a clot is form.

Ukufumana uncedo lokusetyenziswa kwecocaine

Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwecocaine kwandisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa icala. Kungenxa yokuba icocaine inokubangela umonakalo entliziyweni yakho phantse kwangoko emva kokuba uyiqale, kwaye umonakalo wakha ixesha elide usebenzisa ichiza.

Ukuyeka icocaine akuwunciphisi kwangoko umngcipheko weengxaki zempilo yentliziyo, kuba uninzi lomonakalo unokuhlala ngokusisigxina. Nangona kunjalo, ukuyeka i-cocaine kunokuthintela umonakalo ongaphezulu, okunciphisa umngcipheko kwimicimbi yezempilo enxulumene nentliziyo, njengokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo.

Ukuba ungumsebenzisi wecocaine rhoqo, okanye nokuba uyisebenzisa ngamanye amaxesha, ukufuna uncedo lobuchwephesha kunokukunceda. Cocaine sisiyobisi esikhobokisayo. Ukusetyenziswa okuphindaphindiweyo kunokukhokelela kukuxhomekeka, nokuba likhoboka. Umzimba wakho unokuziqhelanisa neziyobisi, ezinokuthi zenze kube nzima ngakumbi ukurhoxa.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokufumana uncedo lokuyeka iyeza. Ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kumcebisi ojongene nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi okanye indawo yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Le mibutho kunye nabantu banokukunceda woyise ukurhoxa kwaye ufunde ukumelana ngaphandle kwesiyobisi.

Inombolo yoNcedo yeSizwe yeSAMHSA ifumaneka nge-1-800-662-HELP (4357). Banikezela ngokuhanjiswa kweewotshi kunye noncedo ngalo naluphi na usuku enyakeni.

Ungatsalela umnxeba Uthintelo lokuZibulala kuZwelonke(1-800-273-INKCAZO). Banokukunceda bakukhokele kwizibonelelo zokusebenzisa gwenxa iziyobisi kunye neengcali.

Ukuthatha

Cocaine yonakalisa ngaphezu kwentliziyo yakho. Eminye imicimbi yezempilo enokubangelwa sisiyobisi:

• ukulahleka kwephunga kumonakalo kumbhobho wempumlo
• umonakalo kwinkqubo yesisu ukusuka ekunciphiseni ukuhamba kwegazi
• umngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana izifo ezifana ne-hepatitis C kunye ne-HIV (ukusuka kwiinaliti zeenaliti)
• ukwehla kobunzima obungafunekiyo
• ukukhohlela
• umbefu

Ngo-2016, ukuveliswa kwecocaine kwihlabathi liphela kwafikelela kwelona nqanaba liphezulu. Ngaloo nyaka kwaveliswa ngaphezulu kweetoni ezili-1400 zeziyobisi. Oko kusemva kokuveliswa kwesiyobisi kwawa phantse ishumi leminyaka, ukusukela ngo-2005 ukuya ku-2013.

Namhlanje, i-1.9 yepesenti yabantu eMntla Melika basebenzisa icocaine rhoqo, kwaye uphando lubonisa ukuba eli nani liyenyuka.

Ukuba ukhe wayisebenzisa okanye usayisebenzisa icocaine, unokufumana uncedo lokuyeka. Iyeza linamandla kwaye linamandla, kwaye ukurhoxa kulo kunokuba nzima.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuyeka kuphela kwendlela yokuthintela umonakalo owenziwa sisiyobisi, ngokuthe cwaka, kwizitho zomzimba wakho. Ukuyeka kunokunceda ukwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwakho, kukunike umva amashumi eminyaka onokulahleka ukuba uyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa iziyobisi.