Ukurhoxiswa kweKhowudiine: Iyintoni kunye nendlela yokujongana nayo

Umxholo

• Izizathu zokurhoxa
• Ukunyamezelana
• Ukuxhomekeka
• Ukuxhomekeka kuthelekiswa neziyobisi
• Iimpawu zokurhoxa
• Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukurhoxa
• Ukunyanga ukurhoxa
• Ngeentlungu ezincinci kunye nezinye iimpawu
• Iimpawu zokurhoxa ngokuphakathi
• Kwiimpawu eziphambili zokurhoxa
• Thetha nogqirha wakho
• Imibuzo neempendulo
• Q:
• A:

Intshayelelo

I-Codeine sisiyobisi esigqirha ukuba sisetyenziselwe ukunyanga iintlungu eziphakathi ngokuphakathi. Iza kwithebhulethi. Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa kwezinye iisiraphu zokukhohlela ukunyanga ukukhohlela. Njengamanye ama-opiates, i-codeine sisiyobisi esomeleleyo nesikhobokisa kakhulu.

Unokuba likhoboka lekhowudi nokuba uthatha imveliso yokudibanisa efana neTylenol kunye neCodeine. Ukukhaba umkhwa kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho urhoxe. Ukufikelela kuyo kunokuba nzima, kodwa kufanelekile umgudu. Funda ukuze ufunde malunga neempawu zokurhoxiswa kwekhowudi kunye nendlela yokujongana nayo.

Izizathu zokurhoxa

Ukunyamezelana

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, unokuhlakulela ukunyamezelana nefuthe lekhowudi. Oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho ufuna ngaphezulu nangaphezulu kwesiyobisi ukuze uve iintlungu ezifanayo okanye ezinye izinto ezinqwenelekayo. Ngamanye amagama, ukunyamezelana kwenza ichiza libonakale lingasebenzi kakuhle emzimbeni wakho.

Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kokunyamezelana kwekhowudi kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezinje:

• Imfuza yakho
• uthatha ixesha elingakanani iyeza
• lingakanani ichiza ubulithatha
• indlela oziphethe ngayo kunye nemfuno ebonakalayo yeyeza

Ukuxhomekeka

Njengoko umzimba wakho unyamezeleka ngakumbi kwikhowudi, iiseli zakho ziqala ukufuna ukuba ichiza lisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kukuxhomekeka. Yiyo ekhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi zokurhoxa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwecodeine kumiswe ngesiquphe. Olunye uphawu lokuxhomekeka kukuziva ukuba kufuneka uthathe ikhowudi ukuthintela iimpawu zokurhoxa.

Ukuxhomekeka kunokwenzeka xa uthatha ikhowudi ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbalwa okanye ukuba uthatha ngaphezulu komthamo omiselweyo. Ngelishwa, kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlakulele ukuxhomekeka kwekhowudi nangona uthatha iyeza ngokuchanekileyo njengoko ugqirha ugqirha.

Ukuxhomekeka kuthelekiswa neziyobisi

Ukuxhomekeka kunye nokulutha kokubini kubangela ukurhoxa xa iyeza limisiwe, kodwa azifani. Ukuxhomekeka emzimbeni kwi-opiate emiselweyo yimpendulo eqhelekileyo kunyango kwaye inokulawulwa ngoncedo oluvela kugqirha wakho. Umlutha, kwelinye icala, unokulandela ukuxhomekeka kwaye ubandakanye inkanuko yeziyobisi kunye nelahleko yolawulo ekusebenziseni kwakho. Ihlala ifuna inkxaso ngakumbi ukuze ugqibe.

Iimpawu zokurhoxa

Iimpawu zokurhoxa zinokuza ngezigaba ezibini. Isigaba sokuqala sivela kwiiyure ezimbalwa zedosi yakho yokugqibela. Ezinye iimpawu zinokuthi zenzeke kamva xa umzimba wakho ufunda ukusebenza ngaphandle kwekhowudi.

Iimpawu zokuqala zokurhoxa zinokubandakanya:

• ukuziva ucaphukile okanye uxhalabile
• ingxaki yokulala
• Amehlo aneenyembezi
• impumlo enemifinya
• ukubila
• ukuzamla
• iintlungu zemisipha
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza

Iimpawu kamva zinokubandakanya:

• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• isisu esiswini
• urhudo
• ukwandisa abafundi
• Ukugodola okanye ukuphuma kwegazi

Iimpawu ezininzi zokurhoxa zibuyela umva kwimiphumo emibi yecodeine. Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kwekhowudi kunokubangela ukuqunjelwa. Kodwa ukuba uhamba ngokurhoxa, ungahlakulela urhudo. Kwangokunjalo, i-codeine ihlala ibangela ukulala, kwaye ukurhoxa kungakhokelela kwingxaki yokulala.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukurhoxa

Iimpawu zinokuhlala iveki, okanye zinokuqhubeka iinyanga emva kokumisa ukusetyenziswa kweekhowudi. Iimpawu zokurhoxa emzimbeni zomelele kwiintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa emva kokuba uyekile ukuthatha ikhowudi. Uninzi lweempawu zihambile kwiiveki ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zokuziphatha kunye nokunqwenela iziyobisi kunokuhlala iinyanga. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, banokuhlala iminyaka. Amava akhe wonke umntu ngokurhoxiswa kwekhowudi ahlukile.

Ukunyanga ukurhoxa

Ngokhokelo lukagqirha, unokuyiphepha imiphumo emibi yokurhoxa. Ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba ucofe ukusetyenziswa kwekhowudi yakho ngokuthe chu kunokuba uyeke ngesiquphe iyeza. Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwakho ngokuthe ngcembe kuvumela umzimba wakho ukuba uhlengahlengise kwikhowudi encinci nangaphantsi de ube umzimba wakho awusafuni ukuba usebenze ngokwesiqhelo. Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda kule nkqubo okanye akuthumele kwiziko lonyango. Banokucebisa ngonyango lokuziphatha kunye nokucebisa ukukunceda ukuba uphephe ukubuyela umva.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza athile ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni uneempawu ezithandekayo zokurhoxa.

Ngeentlungu ezincinci kunye nezinye iimpawu

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa amayeza angenayo i-narcotic ukunciphisa iimpawu zokurhoxa ezinobumnene. La mayeza angabandakanya:

• amayeza eentlungu anjenge-acetaminophen (iTylenol) kunye ne-ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) ukunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu
• loperamide (Imodium) ukunceda ukunqanda urhudo
• i-hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax) ukunceda ukunciphisa isicaphucaphu kunye noxinzelelo olungephi

Iimpawu zokurhoxa ngokuphakathi

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anamandla. IClonidine (Catapres, Kapvay) ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo. Inokukunceda ukunceda:

• iintlungu zemisipha
• ukubila
• impumlo enemifinya
• iicampu
• ukuphazamiseka

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-benzodiazepine esebenza ixesha elide efana ne-diazepam (Valium). Eli chiza linokunceda ukunyanga iicramps kunye nokukunceda ulale.

Kwiimpawu eziphambili zokurhoxa

Ukuba urhoxile kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokuzama iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, banokukutshintsha ukusuka kwikhowudi ukuya kwelinye iyeza, njenge-opiate eyahlukileyo. Okanye banokuyalela elinye lamayeza amathathu aqhelekileyo asetyenziselwa ukunyanga iziyobisi kunye neempawu ezinzima zokurhoxa:

• I-Naltrexone iibhloko ze-opioids ekusebenzeni kwingqondo. Eli nyathelo lisusa iziphumo ezithandekayo zeziyobisi, ezinceda ukunqanda ukuphinda usebenzise gwenxa. Nangona kunjalo, i-naltrexone ayinakuyeka ukunqwenela iziyobisi ngenxa yokuba likhoboka leziyobisi.
• Imethadone Inceda ukukhusela iimpawu zokurhoxa kunye neminqweno. Ivumela umsebenzi womzimba wakho ukuba ubuyele esiqhelweni kwaye wenze ukurhoxa kube lula.
• IBuprenorphine ivelisa iimpembelelo ezinjenge-opiate-weak, ezinje nge-euphoria (imvakalelo yolonwabo olukhulu). Ixesha elingaphezulu, eli chiza linokunciphisa umngcipheko wokusetyenziswa gwenxa, ukuxhomekeka, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwikhowudi.

Thetha nogqirha wakho

I-Codeine inamandla kunezinye ii-opiates (ezinjenge-heroin okanye i-morphine), kodwa isenokubangela ukuxhomekeka kunye nokulutha. Ugqirha wakho angakuxhasa ngokurhoxa nokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Ukuba ukhathazekile ngokurhoxiswa kwekhowudi, thetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ucele uncedo. Nayi imibuzo embalwa onokuyibuza:

• Ndinokuwuthintela njani umlutha wekhowudi?
• Ngaba zikhona ezinye iindlela ezingcono zokusebenzisa iikhowudi?
• Ndingayeka njani ukuthatha ikhowudi?
• Yeyiphi imiqondiso yokunyamezelwa kwekhowudi kunye nokuxhomekeka ekufuneka ndiyijongile?
• Ngaba ndiza kuhamba ngokurhoxa xa ndiyeka ukusebenzisa ikhowudi? Zeziphi iimpawu endinokuzilindela?
• Kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukurhoxa kunye nokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo?

Imibuzo neempendulo

Q:

Ndingalufumana phi uncedo lokurhoxiswa kwekhowudi?

A:

Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi kunye noLawulo lweeNkonzo zeMpilo yeNgqondo (i-SAMHSA) umnxeba woncedo wesizwe ubonelela ngohambo lwasimahla kunye noluyimfihlo lokudluliselwa kunyango. Unokufumana ulwazi malunga nempilo yengqondo okanye ukuphazamiseka kokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ukuthintela kunye nokufumana kwakhona kwiwebhusayithi yabo. Indawo inesikhombisi seenkqubo zonyango lwe-opioid kwilizwe liphela. I-Narcotics engaziwayo yenye yezinto ezilungileyo kubantu abanomlutha kwi-opioid. Xa ujonga inkqubo yonyango, khetha ngononophelo. Cinga ngokubuza le mibuzo iphakanyiswe liZiko leLizwe kuThintelo lweziyobisi:


1. Ngaba le nkqubo isebenzisa unyango oluxhaswe bubungqina besayensi?
2. Ngaba inkqubo ilungiselela unyango kwiimfuno zesigulana ngasinye?
3. Ngaba le nkqubo iyalungelelanisa unyango njengoko iimfuno zesigulana zitshintsha?
4. Ngaba ixesha lonyango lanele?
5. Ingena njani inyathelo le-12 okanye iinkqubo ezifanayo zokubuyisela kunyango lweziyobisi?