Unyango lweNdibaniselwano yeSigaba esiBanzi seCancer Cancer Lung Cancer: Iyintoni, ukusebenza kwayo, ukuqwalaselwa, kunye nokunye

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Ukudibanisa i-chemotherapy
• I-Chemotherapy kunye ne-immunotherapy
• Ngaba lisebenza njani unyango lokudibanisa?
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango oludibeneyo
• Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
• Yise kude

Ushwankathelo

Unyango lwenqanaba elincinci lomhlaza wamaphaphu (SCLC) uhlala ubandakanya unyango oludibeneyo. Inokudibanisa amayeza e-chemotherapy okanye i-chemotherapy kunye ne-immunotherapy.

Masiqwalasele ngakumbi unyango oludibeneyo lwe-SCLC ebanzi, ukuba isebenza njani, kunye nezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngaphambi kokukhetha unyango.

Ukudibanisa i-chemotherapy

Ngelixa utyando kunye nokusasazeka kwemitha esifubeni kusetyenziselwa isigaba esilinganiselweyo se-SCLC, aziqhelekanga zisetyenziselwa inqanaba elibanzi. Unyango lodidi lokuqala lwenqanaba elibanzi le-SCLC yindibaniselwano yechemotherapy.

Kukho iinjongo ezininzi ze-chemotherapy. Ingawanciphisa amathumba, inciphise iimpawu, kunye nokuhamba kancinci kwezifo. Oku kubalulekile kunyango lwe-SCLC kuba ngumhlaza okhula ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. La machiza anamandla angamisa iiseli zomhlaza ekukhuleni nasekuveliseni kwakhona.

Amachiza e-Chemotherapy awajongi kwi-tumor ethile okanye kwinxalenye ethile yomzimba. Yinkqubo yonyango. Oko kuthetha ukuba ifuna iiseli zomhlaza naphina apho zikhona.

Ukudibanisa i-chemotherapy kunokubandakanya:

• I-etoposide kunye ne-cisplatin
• I-etoposide kunye ne-carboplatin
• I-irinotecan kunye ne-cisplatin
• I-irinotecan kunye ne-carboplatin

I-Chemotherapy ihlala inikwa ngokufakwa kwishedyuli ebekiweyo. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale, ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya impilo yakho iyonke ukuze aqiniseke ukuba uyakwazi ukumelana neziphumo zonyango.

I-Chemotherapy kunye ne-immunotherapy

Iiseli zomhlaza ziinkosi zokuzifihla. Banokukhohlisa amajoni akho omzimba ukuze bangayiboni iyingozi.

I-Immunotherapy, ekwabizwa ngokuba lonyango lwebhayoloji, inika amandla kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Inceda ukuba iqonde kwaye ihlasele iiseli zomhlaza. Ngokungafaniyo nekhemotherapy, ayibangeli ingozi kwiiseli ezisempilweni.

Iyeza le-immunotherapy atezolizumab (Tecentriq) linokunikwa kunye nokudityaniswa kwamachiza. Nje ukuba ugqibile ngekhemotherapy, ungahlala kwi-atezolizumab njengonyango lwesondlo.

Ezinye iziyobisi ze-immunotherapy ezingasetyenziselwa i-SCLC zi:

• ipilimumab (Yervoy)
• i-nivolumab (iOpdivo)
• ipembrolizumab (Keytruda)

I-Immunotherapy ihlala inikwa nge-intravenous (IV) infusion kwishedyuli eqhelekileyo.

Ngaba lisebenza njani unyango lokudibanisa?

Ukudityaniswa kwekhemotherapy kwinqanaba elibanzi le-SCLC kunokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwezifo kunye nokubonelela ukukhululeka kwiimpawu. Inenqanaba lokuqala lokuphendula ngama-60 ukuya kuma-80 epesenti. Kwezinye iimeko, impendulo iyamangalisa kangangokuba iimvavanyo zokucinga azisakwazi ukufumana umhlaza.

Oku kuhlala okwethutyana, nangona kunjalo. Inqanaba elibanzi le-SCLC ihlala iphinda ibuye, ngamanye amaxesha kwiinyanga. Emva kokuphindaphinda, umhlaza unokumelana ne-chemotherapy.

Ngesi sizathu, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngokuqhubeka ne-immunotherapy emva kokugqiba ichemotherapy. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngonyango lwemitha kwingqondo. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela umhlaza ekubeni usasazeke uye kwingqondo yakho.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-immunotherapy ye-SCLC lube neziphumo ezixubeneyo. Olunye uvavanyo lwakutsha nje lujonge i-atezolizumab ngeplatinum-based chemotherapy.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-chemotherapy yodwa, kwabakho ukuphucuka okubonakalayo ekusindeni nasekuqhubekeni kokuphila.

Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy kunyango lwe-SCLC oluthembisayo luyathembisa kodwa luselintsha. Uvavanyo lwezonyango olufunda nge-immunotherapy ngokudibanisa i-chemotherapy luyaqhubeka.

Ukuba umhlaza awungeni kuxolelo okanye uqhubeka nokusasazeka, uyakufuna unyango olongezelelweyo. Ukhetho lwakho luya kuxhomekeka apho lusasazeke khona kwaye loluphi unyango esele ulukhe.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango oludibeneyo

Umhlaza ubandakanya ukwahlula iiseli ngokukhawuleza. Ichiza leChemotherapy lijolise kwiiseli ezahlula ngokukhawuleza. Oko kuthetha ukuba zichaphazela nezinye iiseli ezisempilweni. Yiyo le nto ibangela uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinxulumene nonyango.

Iziphumo zekhemotherapy ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumachiza athile, idosi, kwaye uyifumana kangaphi. Wonke umntu usabela ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Uluhlu lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga lide, kodwa mhlawumbi ngekhe uzive zonke. Iziphumo ezinokubandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ubuthathaka
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• urhudo
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• ukuhla ukusinda
• iinzipho ezaphukileyo
• iintsini ezophayo
• ukwanda kwengozi yosulelo

I-Immunotherapy inokubangela:

• isicaphucaphu
• ukudinwa
• intlungu edibeneyo
• urhudo okanye ukuqhina
• Iimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane
• utshintsho kubunzima
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya

Iimpawu zempendulo yokungena ngaphakathi kunokubangela:

• umkhuhlane, ukugodola, okanye ukugungxula ubuso
• irhashalala
• ukurhawuzelela ulusu
• isiyezi
• ukuvutha
• ingxaki yokuphefumla

Unyango ngemitha lungakhokelela ku:

• ukudinwa
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• isikhumba esifana nokutshiswa lilanga
• ukucaphuka kwentloko
• ukulahleka kweenwele

Uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokulawulwa ngezinye iindlela zonyango okanye uhlengahlengiso kwindlela yokuphila. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo xa uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

Ngaphambi kokukhetha unyango, ugqirha uya kuvavanya impilo yakho yonke. Ngamanye amaxesha, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango oluqhelekileyo zinokuba nzima kakhulu. Ngokudibeneyo, unokuthatha isigqibo sokuba ngaba kufanelekile ukuba ube needosi ezisezantsi ze-chemotherapy, i-immunotherapy, okanye ukhathalelo lokunyanga kuphela. Unokuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokubhalisa kwilingo leklinikhi.

Ukhathalelo lokuthambisa luyaziwa njengononophelo oluxhasayo. Ayizukunyanga umhlaza wakho, kodwa inokukunceda ukulawula iimpawu ezizezinye kunye nokubuyisela umgangatho wobomi bakho ixesha elide. Unokufumana ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa kunye nonyango oludibeneyo.

Nokuba kungaphambi, ngexesha, okanye emva konyango, ubotshiwe ukuba nemibuzo kunye neenkxalabo. Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo likho ukunceda. Bafuna ukuba unyango lwakho luhambe kakuhle kangangoko kwaye banokuboleka inkxaso apho kufuneka khona. Xa kukho imfuneko, banokukuthumela kwabanye abanokuba luncedo.

Yise kude

Unyango lodidi lokuqala lwenqanaba elibanzi le-SCLC lonyango lwendibaniselwano. Oku kunokuthetha ukudityaniswa kwamachiza e-chemo yedwa okanye kunye ne-immunotherapy. Kodwa unyango kufuneka lulungiselelwe iimfuno zakho ezithile.

Unxibelelwano oluvulekileyo nogqirha wakho yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba ukwiphepha elinye. Ngokudibeneyo, ninokwenza ukhetho olulungele nina.