Indlela yokuthatha uvavanyo ukuze uqinisekise ubumfama bombala

Umxholo

• Uvavanyo lokungaboni kakuhle kombala
• 1. Uvavanyo olukwi-Intanethi kubantu abadala
• 2. Uvavanyo lwabantwana kwi-Intanethi
• Olunye uvavanyo olunokunceda
• Xa ukrokrela ubumfama bombala

Uvavanyo lokungaboni kakuhle kombala kunceda ukuqinisekisa ubukho bolu tshintsho kumbono, ukongeza ekuncedeni ugqirha ukuba achonge uhlobo, olugqibela ngokuququzelela unyango. Nangona uvavanyo lombala lunokwenziwa kwi-intanethi, ukuxilongwa kobumfama bombala kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngugqirha wamehlo.

Ukuchonga ubumfama bombala ebuntwaneni kubalulekile ukuba umntwana azive edityaniswe ngakumbi kwigumbi lokufundela, ekonyusa impumelelo yesikolo. Kwimeko yabantu abadala, ukwazi uhlobo lwabo lokungaboni umbala kunceda ekuthathweni kwezicwangciso zokwazi ukudibanisa imibala kwimpahla okanye umhombiso, okanye ukwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwama-apile aluhlaza nabomvu, umzekelo.

Ukuqonda ngcono ukuba yintoni ubumfama bombala kwaye zeziphi iintlobo ezikhoyo.

Uvavanyo lokungaboni kakuhle kombala

Kukho iimvavanyo ezintathu eziphambili ezinokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukungaboni ngamehlo. Ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Ishihara: kwenziwa ngokujonga amakhadi amachaphaza eemilo ezahlukeneyo, apho umntu kufuneka akhankanye ukuba leliphi inani anokulijonga;
• Uvavanyo lwefarnsworth: kuyanceda ukufumanisa ubumfama bombala obufunyenweyo kwaye kwenziwa kusetyenziswa iitreyi ezine zeplastiki, kunye neepilisi ezilikhulu kwiithoni ezahlukeneyo, ekufuneka umbonisi aziququzelele ngombala, kwimizuzu eli-15;
• Uvavanyo lweWolmgreen Wool: Olu vavanyo luvavanya ukukwazi ukwahlula imisonto eboya eyahlukileyo yemibala eyahlukeneyo ngombala.

1. Uvavanyo olukwi-Intanethi kubantu abadala

Olunye lovavanyo olunokwenziwa ngokulula ekhaya ukuzama ukufumanisa imeko yobumfama bombala luvavanyo lwe-Ishihara. Ukwenza oku, lo mfanekiso ulandelayo kufuneka ujongwe:

Yintoni ekufuneka iqatshelwe kwimifanekiso yile:

• Umfanekiso 1:umntu onombono oqhelekileyo ujonga inombolo 7;
• Umfanekiso 2:inani le-13 kufuneka lijongwe ukubonisa umbono oqhelekileyo.

Nangona olu vavanyo lunokubonisa umngcipheko wokuba nomntu ongaboniyo ngombala, awusebenzi ukwenza uxilongo kwaye, ke, kuya kufuneka usoloko ujonge ugqirha wamehlo.

2. Uvavanyo lwabantwana kwi-Intanethi

Uvavanyo lwabantwana lwe-Ishihara luquka ukujonga iimilo kunye neendlela, kuba abantwana abasoloko bewazi amanani, nangona bekwazi ukuwabona.

Ke, ukwenza uvavanyo nomntwana, kuya kufuneka ubacele ukuba baqwalasele le mifanekiso ilandelayo malunga nemizuzwana emi-5 kwaye uzame ukulandela iindlela ezinikezelwe ngomnwe wakho.

Xa umntwana engenakho ukunika ingxelo ngento ayibonayo, kwaye engalandelani neemilo ngaphezulu komfanekiso, angabonisa imeko yobumfama bombala kwaye, ke, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane nogqirha wabantwana kunye nogqirha wamehlo.

Olunye uvavanyo olunokunceda

Ukongeza kwezi mvavanyo, ugqirha unokusebenzisa ezinye iindlela, ezinje ngovavanyo lwe-electroretinografi, umzekelo, ukuvavanya impendulo yombane wamehlo ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo.

Iimeko ezinzima zobumfama bombala kwiimeko ezininzi zisenokungafunyanwa, kuba umntu akaluva utshintsho kangako kwimihla ngemihla kwaye, ke ngoko, akafuni nonyango.

Xa ukrokrela ubumfama bombala

Ngokwesiqhelo ukusukela kwiminyaka emi-3 ubudala kunokucingelwa ukuba umntwana ubalabala xa engakwazi ukuyichonga ngokuchanekileyo imibala, kodwa ngesiqhelo ukuxilongwa kwakhe kwenziwa kamva, xa sele esebenzisana ngcono novavanyo, echonga ngcono amanani kunye novavanyo amanani.

Kuyenzeka ukuba uqale ungakuthembi ukuxilongwa xa umntwana engakwazi ukuphendula ngokuchanekileyo xa ebuzwa ngombala okanye epeyinta imizobo enemibala engeyiyo, njengokupeyinta i-carrot pink okanye i-tomato emthubi, umzekelo.

Ukongeza, omnye umqondiso oqhelekileyo wobumfama bombala uvela ebusheni xa umntu omncinci engakwazi ukulungelelanisa imibala ngokuchanekileyo. Ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane nodokotela wamehlo ngaphambi kokuba umntwana angene esikolweni, enze iimvavanyo ezifanelekileyo zombono kunye nokufumanisa iingxaki ezinokubakho ukongeza kwimfama.