I-Atony yesibeleko

Umxholo

• Ziintoni Iimpawu zeAtony yesibeleko?
• Yintoni ebangela iAthony yesibeleko?
• Ukuchonga iAtony yesibeleko
• Iingxaki zeAtony yeUterus
• Unyango lwe-Atony yesibeleko
• Yeyiphi imbonakalo yaBantu abaneAtony yesibeleko?
• Ukuthintela iAthony yesibeleko

Yintoni iAthony yesibeleko?

I-Atony yesibeleko, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-uterine atony, yimeko enzima enokwenzeka emva kokubeleka. Kwenzeka xa isibeleko sisilela ukwenza isivumelwano emva kokubeleka kosana, kwaye oko kungakhokelela kwisimo esinokubusongela ubomi esaziwa njenge-postpartum hemorrhage.

Emva kokubeleka kosana, izihlunu zesibeleko zihlala ziqinisa, okanye isivumelwano, sokuhambisa isibeleko. Ukunciphisa kuyanceda ekucinezeleni imithambo yegazi ebincanyathiselwe kwi-placenta. Ukucinezelwa kunceda ukuthintela ukopha. Ukuba izihlunu zesibeleko azidibani ngokwaneleyo, imithambo yegazi ingopha ngokukhululekileyo. Oku kukhokelela kukopha kakhulu, okanye ukopha.

Ukuba une-atony yesibeleko, uyakufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo ukunceda ukunqanda ukopha kunye nokubuyisela endaweni yegazi elilahlekileyo. Ukopha emva kokubeleka kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukufumanisa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokukhokelela ekubuyiseleni ngokupheleleyo.

Ziintoni Iimpawu zeAtony yesibeleko?

Olona phawu luphambili lwe-atony yesibeleko sisibeleko esihlala siphumle kwaye ngaphandle kwengxabano emva kokubeleka. I-Atony yesibeleko sesinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuphuma kwegazi lasemva kokubeleka. Ukopha emva kokubeleka kuchazwa njengokulahleka ngaphezulu kweemililitha ezingama-500 zegazi emva kokuhanjiswa kweplacenta.

Iimpawu zokopha zibandakanya:

• ukopha kakhulu nangokungalawulekiyo emva kokuzalwa kosana
• kunciphise uxinzelelo lwegazi
• ukwanda kwentliziyo
• intlungu
• umqolo obuhlungu

Yintoni ebangela iAthony yesibeleko?

Zininzi izinto ezinokuthintela izihlunu zesibeleko ekungeneni emva kokubeleka. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukusebenza ixesha elide
• abasebenzi ngokukhawuleza kakhulu
• ukugqithisa ngaphezulu kwesibeleko, okanye ukwandiswa okugqithisileyo kwesibeleko
• ukusetyenziswa kwe-oxytocin (Pitocin) okanye ezinye iziyobisi okanye i-anesthesia ngokubanzi ngexesha lokubeleka
• Umsebenzi obangelwe

Unokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu we-atony yesibeleko ukuba:

• uhambisa ukuphindaphinda, njengamawele okanye amawele amathathu
• umntwana wakho mkhulu kakhulu kunomndilili, obizwa ngokuba yi-fetal macrosomia
• umdala kuneminyaka engama-35
• utyebile
• une-amniotic fluid eninzi, ebizwa ngokuba yi-polyhydramnios
• unezinto ezininzi zokuzalwa kwangaphambili

I-atony yesibeleko inokwenzeka nakwabasetyhini abangenazo naziphi na izinto ezinobungozi.

Ukuchonga iAtony yesibeleko

I-Atony yesibeleko ihlala ifunyaniswa xa isibeleko sithambile kwaye sikhululekile kwaye kukho ukopha kakhulu emva kokubeleka. Ugqirha wakho unokuqikelela ukulahleka kwegazi ngokubala inani leephedi ezigcweleyo okanye ngokulinganisa iiponji ezisetyenziselwa ukufunxa igazi.

Ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye akhuphe ezinye izizathu zokopha. Oku kubandakanya ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zinyembezi kumlomo wesibeleko okanye kwilungu lobufazi kwaye akukho ziqwenga zeplasenta ezisesibelekweni.

Ugqirha wakho unokuvavanya okanye abeke esweni oku kulandelayo:

• izinga ukubetha
• ifuthe legazi
• ubalo lweseli ebomvu
• izinto ezijiyisayo egazini

Iingxaki zeAtony yeUterus

I-Atony yesibeleko ibangela ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-90 zamatyala okopha emva kokubeleka, ngokwe-Transfusion yegazi kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. I-hemorrhage idla ngokwenzeka emva kokuba inkohliso ihanjisiwe.

Ezinye iingxaki ze-atony yesibeleko zibandakanya:

• i-orthostatic hypotension, enentloko elula okanye enesiyezi ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi
• ianemia
• ukudinwa
• umngcipheko owandayo wokuphuma kwesisu emva kokubeleka

I-anemia kunye nokudinwa emva kokuzalwa kukonyusa amathuba okuba umama abe noxinzelelo lwasemva kokubeleka.

Ingxaki enzulu ye-atony yesibeleko kukothuka. Le meko ingasongela ubomi.

Unyango lwe-Atony yesibeleko

Unyango lujolise ekunqandeni ukopha kwaye endaweni yegazi ebelahlekile. Umama usenokunikwa ulwelo lwe-IV, igazi, kunye neemveliso zegazi ngokukhawuleza.

Unyango lwe-atony yesibeleko lubandakanya:

• ukuxilongwa kwesibeleko, okubandakanya ugqirha wakho ukubeka isandla esinye kwilungu lobufazi kunye nokutyhala ngokuchasene nesibeleko ngelixa esinye isandla sicinezela isibeleko kudonga lwesisu
• iziyobisi ze-uterotonic kubandakanya i-oxytocin, methylergonovine (Methergine), kunye neprostaglandins, efana neHemabate
• utofelo-gazi

Kwiimeko ezinzima, unyango lubandakanya:

• utyando ukubopha imithambo yegazi
• Ukubetheka komthambo wesibeleko, okubandakanya ukujoba amasuntswana amancinci kumthambo wesibeleko ukuvimba ukuphuma kwegazi kwisibeleko
• i-hysterectomy ukuba zonke ezinye iindlela zonyango aziphumeleli

Yeyiphi imbonakalo yaBantu abaneAtony yesibeleko?

Ukuphuma kwegazi lasemva kokubeleka ngoyena nobangela wokufa emva kokuzalwa kumazwe anezinto ezinqongopheleyo zononophelo lwempilo kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo bezempilo. Ukufa ngenxa yokuphuma kwegazi emva kokubeleka akuqhelekanga kakhulu eUnited States. Kwenzeka ngaphantsi kwepesenti enye yamatyala.

Umngcipheko womfazi wokusweleka kule meko uyanda xa kukho ukulibaziseka kwezothutho ukuya esibhedlele, ekwenzeni uxilongo, nasekufumaneni unyango olucetyiswayo. Iingxaki zinqabile ukuba kunikwe unyango olululo.

Ukuthintela iAthony yesibeleko

I-Atony yesibeleko ayinakuhlala ithintelwa. Kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha wakho ayazi indlela yokulawula le meko kuwo onke amabakala emisebenzi. Ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu we-atony yesibeleko, kufuneka uhambise umntwana wakho esibhedlele okanye kwiziko elinazo zonke izixhobo ezaneleyo zokujongana nelahleko yegazi. Umgca we-intravenous (IV) kufuneka ulungile kwaye amayeza kufuneka abekhona. Abasebenzi abongikazi kunye ne-anesthesia kufuneka babekhona ngalo lonke ixesha. Kukwabalulekile ukwazisa ibhanki yegazi ngesidingo segazi.

Ugqirha wakho kufuneka aqhubeke nokubeka iliso kwiimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo kunye nenani lokopha elenzeka emva kokuzalwa ukuze abone ukopha. I-Oxytocin enikezwe kanye emva kokuhanjiswa inokunceda ikhontrakthi yesibeleko. Ukuthanjiswa kwesibeleko kanye emva kokuhanjiswa kweplasenta kusenokunciphisa umngcipheko we-atony yesibeleko kwaye ngoku yinto eqhelekileyo.

Ukuthatha iivithamini kokubeleka, kubandakanya izongezo zentsimbi, kunokunceda ekuthinteleni i-anemia kunye nezinye iingxaki ze-atony yesibeleko kunye nokopha emva kokubeleka.