I-Cryptosporidiosis: yintoni, iimpawu, isifo kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Kwenzeka njani ukuhambisa
• Umnqa wobomi
• Ukuchongwa kwe-cryptosporidiosis
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Cryptosporidiosis okanye i-cryptosporidiasis sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa sisidleleli I-Cryptosporidium sp., enokufumaneka kwindalo esingqongileyo, ngohlobo lwe-oocyst, okanye ukuphazamisa inkqubo yamathumbu abantu, ekhokelela kwiimpawu ezinjengeentlungu esiswini, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye norhudo, umzekelo.

Ezona ntlobo zibangela izifo ebantwini zezi I-Cryptosporidium hominis, ngelixa ezilwanyaneni kuqheleke ngakumbi ukujonga usulelo ngo ICryptosporidium parvum, kodwa inokosulela nabantu. Nangona kunjalo, zombini ezi ntlobo ziyafana, zahlulwe kuphela kuvavanyo lweemolekyuli.

I-Cryptosporidiosis inokuchongwa ngokuvavanywa kwesitulo se-parasitological okanye i-villus biopsy, kwaye kufuneka icetyiswe ngugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye i-gastroenterologist ngokweempawu ezibonakaliswe ngumntu.

Iimpawu eziphambili

O Iicryptosporidium ihlala ifumaneka kwithumbu lesisu, kodwa inokusasazeka emzimbeni wonke kwaye ibekhona kwimiphunga, umqala, ipharynx, inyongo kunye nepancreatic ducts. Ke, iimpawu eziphambili ezinxulumene nosulelo kwesi sifo zi:

• Urhudo olunamanzi okanye olunamahlunu;
• I-Malabsorption syndrome, njengoko kukho i-atrophy ye-villi yamathumbu, eyanciphisa indawo yokufunxa izondlo;
• Intlungu edibeneyo;
• Intlungu zesisu;
• Ukuhla ukusinda;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Iintlungu emehlweni;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Umkhuhlane ophantsi;
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Iimpawu zihlala umndilili weentsuku ezili-10 kwaye zinokwahluka ngokobudala, amandla omzimba omntu kunye nokuvela kolunye usulelo. Yiyo loo nto abantwana kunye nabantu abanamajoni omzimba athomalalisiweyo, njengaleyo inentsholongwane kaGawulayo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba bosulelwe yi-HIV. I-Cryptosporidium sp.

Kwenzeka njani ukuhambisa

Usulelo kunyeIicryptosporidium inokwenzeka ngokudibana ngqo nabantu abosulelekileyo, kwaye kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukwenzeka kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, ezinje ngamaziko okunakekela abantwana nezibhedlele, umzekelo, okanye ngokudibana ngokwesondo, nangona le ndlela yokugqibela inqabile. Ukongeza, usulelo luyakwenzeka ngokudibana nezilwanyana ezisusa ii-oocyst kwilindle.

Ukosuleleka sesi sifunxi-gazi kunokwenzeka kwakhona ngokungenisa ukutya okanye amanzi angcoliswe lilindle elinama-oocyst Iicryptosporidium. Ukuhanjiswa kwesi sifo kuyenzeka ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamadama okuqubha angahlanjwanga kakuhle okanye iibhafu okanye intsalela yelindle lomntu, olu hlobo losasazo luhlala lusenzeka kwabo bahamba rhoqo kumachibi oluntu aneemeko zolondolozo ezimbi. Bona ezinye izifo ezinokufunyanwa echibini okanye ebhafini.

I-Cryptosporidiosis sesinye sezona zifo zisasazekayo kwizibhedlele ngenxa yokuba sisidleleli esingenelelayo, ngokuthatha inxaxheba rhoqo kwabantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka. Ukongeza, umjikelo wobomi wale ntsholongwane ulula kwaye umfutshane, intwana encinci yale parasite inokubangela isifo kwaye kukho ukukhutshwa kwezakhiwo ezivuthiweyo, ezithanda iimeko zentsholongwane.

Umnqa wobomi

Umjikelo wobomi we Iicryptosporidium imfutshane, ihlala umndilili weentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-7. Ii-oocyst zingena emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa ukutya okanye amanzi angcolileyo okanye ngokudibana nabantu abosulelekileyo okanye iindawo ezingcolisekileyo. Emzimbeni, i-oocyst ikhupha i-sporozoites, ekhubaza i-gastrointestinal tract okanye ezinye izicubu, ezifana nenkqubo yokuphefumla, umzekelo.

Emva koko, isifunxi-gazi siyaphindaphindeka kwaye siyakhula, sivelisa iintlobo ezimbini zee-oocyst: enye inodonga olujiyileyo, oluhlala lukhutshwa kwilindle, luvumela umjikelo ukuba uqalise kwakhona, kunye nolunye olunodonga olucekeceke, oluhlala luhambelana nokubulala iintsholongwane.

Ukuchongwa kwe-cryptosporidiosis

Ukuchongwa kwe-cryptosporidiosis kwenziwa ngokukhangelwa kwe-oocyst kwilindle ngovavanyo lweparasitological, okanye ngokukhangela ii-oocyst kwinto yamathumbu emathunjini okanye kwi-mucosa ekhutshiweyo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-cryptosporidiosis lwenziwa ngenjongo yokuthomalalisa iimpawu, ingakumbi urhudo kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ngokufaka ulwelo endaweni yomnye, umzekelo, njengoko amayeza esi sifo ekwisigaba sokuvavanya.

Ukuthintela usuleleko sesi sifunxi-gazi, kubalulekile ukwamkela amanyathelo okuthintela ukungasebenzi, njengokucoca ukutya ngaphambi kokukupheka okanye ukukutya, ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo lwezempilo kunye nezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, ukongeza kuthintelo lokudibana nabantu abosulelekileyo. Kukwabalulekile nokuhlamba izandla phambi kokupheka, ukutya nasemva kokuba uye kwigumbi lokuhlambela. Nantsi indlela yokuhlamba izandla zakho ngokufanelekileyo ukuthintela usulelo.