I-Dalteparin, isisombululo esichaphazelekileyo

Umxholo

• Amagqabantshintshi edalteparin
• Izilumkiso ezibalulekileyo
• Isilumkiso se-FDA: Epidural okanye ukudumba komqolo
  
• Ezinye izilumkiso
• Yintoni i-dalteparin?
• Kutheni isetyenziswa
• Ingaba isebenza kanjani
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeDalteparin
• Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu
• I-Dalteparin inokusebenzisana namanye amayeza
• Ukudibana okwandisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga
• Izilumkiso zikaDalteparin
• Isilumkiso somzimba
• Isilumkiso sokunxibelelana notywala
• Izilumkiso zabantu abaneemeko ezithile zempilo
• Izilumkiso kwamanye amaqela
• Ungayithatha njani i-dalteparin
• Iifom zamachiza kunye namandla
• Umthamo wothintelo lweengxaki ezinxulumene ne-angina engazinzanga okanye isifo sentliziyo
• Umthamo wothintelo lwe-vein thrombosis enzulu ngexesha lotyando lwesisu okanye esinqeni
• Idosi yokuthintela i-vein thrombosis enzulu kubantu abanentshukumo encinci ngenxa yokugula kakhulu
• Isisombululo kunyango lwe-venous thrombosis kubantu abanomhlaza
• Thatha njengoko kuyalelwe
• Ukuqwalaselwa okubalulekileyo kokuthatha i-dalteparin
• Ngokubanzi
• Ukugcina
• Ukuzalisa kwakhona
• Ukuhamba
• Ukuzilawula
• Ukubeka iliso kwezonyango
• Ukufumaneka
• Iindleko ezifihliweyo
• Ngaphambi kogunyaziso
• Ngaba zikhona ezinye iindlela?

Amagqabantshintshi edalteparin

1. Isisombululo esingena ngenaliti seDalteparin siyafumaneka njengesiyobisi esinegama lophawu kuphela. Ayifumaneki njengechiza eliqhelekileyo. Igama lebrand: Fragmin.
2. I-Dalteparin iza kuphela kwifom yesisombululo esitofwayo. Inikwa ngenaliti engaphantsi. I-Dalteparin sisiyobisi esizo-ngokwakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba wena okanye umnakekeli unokufaka iyeza kunyango
3. I-Dalteparin yincindi yegazi. Isetyenziselwa:
   • thintela iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-angina engazinzanga okanye isifo sentliziyo
   • thintela i-vein thrombosis enzulu ngexesha lotyando lwesisu okanye uqhaqho
   • thintela amahlwili egazi kwimithambo enzulu yeengalo nemilenze yakho xa ungakwazi ukuhamba kakhulu ngenxa yokugula kakhulu
   • phatha i-venous thrombosis ukuba unomdlavuza

Izilumkiso ezibalulekileyo

Isilumkiso se-FDA: Epidural okanye ukudumba komqolo

• Eli chiza linesilumkiso sebhokisi emnyama. Esi sisilumkiso esibi kakhulu esivela kuLawulo lokutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (FDA). Isilumkiso sebhokisi emnyama silumkisa oogqirha kunye nezigulana malunga neziphumo zeziyobisi ezinokuba yingozi.
• Ukuthatha eli chiza ngelixa ufumana amayeza afakwe kwisithuba se-epidural (emqolo), okanye emva kwenkqubo ebandakanya ukugqobhoza ikholamu yakho yomqolo, kunokubangela iingxaki ezithile. Oku kubandakanya ukudumba okubangelwa ligazi elingena kwindawo yesifo. Oku kudumba kunokuchaphazela intshukumo yakho kwaye kunokuhlala ngokusisigxina. Abanye abantu basemngciphekweni omkhulu woku kudumba. Oku kubandakanya abantu abane-catheter ye-epidural (ityhubhu efakwe kwindawo yesifo esetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngamayeza) kunye nabantu abasebenzisa amayeza achaphazela ukujiya kwegazi, njengeziyobisi ezingezizo ezokulwa nokudumba (i-NSAIDs) okanye ezinye izinciphisi zegazi. Babandakanya abantu abanembali yotyando lomqolo, isiphene somnqonqo, okanye ukuphindaphinda okanye ukwenzakala kwenkqubo yesiphene okanye yomqolo. Ngelixa uthatha eli chiza, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga kuyo nayiphi na intlungu, ubuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukuphazamiseka, okanye ukunciphisa intshukumo.

Ezinye izilumkiso

• Amanqanaba asezantsi eeplatelet: Eli chiza linokunciphisa ukubalwa komzimba weeplatelets (iiseli zegazi ezinceda ukujiya kwegazi). Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko wokopha.
• Isilumkiso sokopha: Eli chiza liphakamisa umngcipheko wokopha. Oku kunokwenzeka njengeempumlo zeempumlo, ukonyuka kwamanxeba, ukonyuka kokopha ekusikeni, okanye ukopha kwiintsini zakho emva kokuxubha okanye ukubetha. Inokwenzeka njengegazi kumchamo wakho, okanye igazi kwigumbi lakho lokugcina (linokubonakala libomvu ngokuqaqambileyo, bomvu obomvu, okanye limnyama kwaye lilindile). Ukuba uyazibona ezi mpawu, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho.
• Isilumkiso sokuhlinzwa kutshanje: Ukuba uqhaqho lwamva nje (kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo) kwingqondo yakho, umqolo, okanye amehlo, umngcipheko wokopha uyonyuka ngelixa uthatha eli chiza. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba eli chiza likhuselekile kuwe.

Yintoni i-dalteparin?

I-Dalteparin sisiyobisi sikagqirha. Iza ngohlobo lwesisombululo esitofwayo. Inikwa ngenaliti engaphantsi (inaliti engezantsi kwesikhumba). Eli chiza liyazitofa. Oku kuthetha ukuba wena okanye umnakekeli unokufaka iyeza kunyango.

I-Dalteparin iyafumaneka njengesiyobisi segama elichazayo UFragmin. Ayifumaneki njengechiza eliqhelekileyo.

Eli chiza linokusetyenziswa njengenxalenye yonyango oludibeneyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokufuna ukuyithatha kunye namanye amayeza.

Kutheni isetyenziswa

I-Dalteparin yincindi yegazi. Kuyanceda:

• thintela iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-angina engazinzanga (iintlungu zesifuba) okanye isifo sentliziyo
• thintela i-vein thrombosis enzulu (amahlwili egazi kwimithambo enzulu yemilenze okanye yeengalo) ngexesha lotyando lwesisu okanye uqhaqho
• thintela i-vein thrombosis enzulu (amahlwili egazi kwimithambo enzulu yemilenze okanye yeengalo) ngexesha lotyando lwesisu okanye uqhaqho
• thintela amahlwili egazi kwimithambo enzulu yeengalo nemilenze yakho xa ungakwazi ukuhamba kakhulu ngenxa yokugula kakhulu
• phatha i-venous thrombosis (amahlwili egazi kwimithambo yakho) ukuba unomdlavuza

Ingaba isebenza kanjani

I-Dalteparin ikudidi lweziyobisi ekuthiwa zii-molecular weight heparin (LMWH). Iklasi leziyobisi liqela lamayeza asebenza ngendlela efanayo. La machiza ahlala esetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko ezifanayo.

I-Dalteparin isebenza ngokuthintela iproteni ethile emzimbeni wakho ebangela ukujiya. Oku kunceda ukugcina amahlwili egazi ekubeni enziwe. Ukuba une-clot yegazi, eli chiza liya kuliyeka lingabi libi ngelixa umzimba wakho usophula iqhekeza lodwa.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeDalteparin

Isisombululo esingena ngenaliti se-Dalteparin asibangeli ukozela, kodwa sinokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi zenzeke nge-dalteparin ziquka:

• ukudumba okugcwele ligazi kwindawo yenaliti
• ukwanda kokugruzuka okanye ukopha
• ukopha ixesha elide ukusika okanye ukusika

Ukuba ezi ziphumo zincinci, zinokuhamba zingaphelanga iintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa. Ukuba zinzima kakhulu okanye azihambi, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu

Shayela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba unemiphumo emibi. Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba iimpawu zakho ziziva zisongela ubomi okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba unempilo kaxakeka. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu kunye neempawu zazo zinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ukopha. Umngcipheko wakho uphezulu ukuba unayo okanye uhlakulele inani eliphantsi leplatelet. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • Ukudumba okugcwele igazi emqolo, neempawu zoku:
    • ukurhawuzelela
    • ukuba ndindisholo emilenzeni
    • ubuthathaka bemisipha
  • ukwanda kweempumlo
  • ukwanda kweentsini emva kokuxubha okanye ukubetha
  • ukhohlela igazi
  • ukugabha igazi
  • igazi kumchamo wakho
  • igazi kwizitulo zakho (inokuba bomvu oqaqambileyo, bomvu, okanye omnyama kunye nokulibala)
  • ukwanda kokugruzuka
  • amabala amnyama abomvu phantsi kolusu lwakho
• Isifo se-gasping syndrome kwiintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ingxaki yokuphefumla
• Ukonyusa ii-enzymes zesibindi (njengoko kubonisiwe kuvavanyo ngugqirha wakho). Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • iintlungu esiswini (indawo yesisu)
  • isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
  • ubumthubi besikhumba sakho okanye ezimhlophe zamehlo akho
• Ukunyanga komzimba. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • ukurhawuzelela
  • irhashalala
  • ifiva
  • imihlathi (ukurhawuzelela ukurhawuzelela)
  • impendulo kwindawo yenaliti, kubandakanya ubomvu, ukudumba, okanye ukurhawuzelela
  • ingxaki yokuphefumla

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: Injongo yethu kukukunika olona lwazi lufanelekileyo nolukhoyo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi zichaphazela umntu ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo, asinakuqinisekisa ukuba olu lwazi lubandakanya zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho. Olu lwazi aluthathi ndawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko uxoxa ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka kunye nomboneleli wezempilo oyaziyo imbali yakho yezonyango.

I-Dalteparin inokusebenzisana namanye amayeza

Isisombululo esingena ngenaliti se-Dalteparin sinokusebenzisana namanye amayeza, iivithamini, okanye imifuno onokuthi uyithathe. Unxibelelwano kuxa into isitshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo iyeza. Oku kunokuba yingozi okanye kuthintele ichiza ekusebenzeni kakuhle.

Ukukunceda ukunqanda ukusebenzisana, ugqirha wakho kufuneka alawule onke amayeza ngononophelo. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza, iivithamini, okanye imifuno oyithathayo. Ukufumanisa ukuba eli chiza linokusebenzisana njani nenye into oyithathayo, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti.

Imizekelo yamachiza anokubangela ukuhlangana kunye ne-dalteparin zidweliswe apha ngezantsi.

Ukudibana okwandisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

Ukuthatha i-dalteparin ngamayeza athile kunyusa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwi-dalteparin. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya:

• IiPlatelet inhibitors, ezinje ngeprasugrel, ticagrelor, dipyridamole, okanye clopidogrel.
  • Xa zisetyenziswa nge-dalteparin, la machiza aphakamisa umngcipheko wokopha okuyingozi.
• Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID), ezifana ne-aspirin, ibuprofen, okanye naproxen.
  • Xa zisetyenziswa nge-dalteparin, la machiza aphakamisa umngcipheko wokopha okuyingozi.
• Ii-anticoagulants zomlomo, ezinjenge-warfarin okanye i-dabigatran.
  • Xa zisetyenziswa nge-dalteparin, la machiza aphakamisa umngcipheko wokopha okuyingozi.

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-dalteparin nge-aspirin ukuba unyangwa iintlungu zesifuba okanye isifo sentliziyo.

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: Injongo yethu kukukunika olona lwazi lufanelekileyo nolukhoyo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi zinxibelelana ngokwahlukileyo kumntu ngamnye, asinakuqinisekisa ukuba olu lwazi lubandakanya lonke unxibelelwano olunokwenzeka. Olu lwazi aluthathi ndawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko uthetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokunxibelelana okunokubakho nawo onke amayeza amiselweyo, iivithamini, amayeza kunye nezongezo, kunye namayeza owathethayo.

Izilumkiso zikaDalteparin

Eli chiza liza nezilumkiso ezininzi.

Isilumkiso somzimba

Eli chiza kunokubangela negazi lakho. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• ingxaki yokuphefumla
• ukudumba komqala okanye ulwimi lwakho
• ukurhawuzelela
• irhashalala
• ifiva
• impendulo kwindawo yenaliti, njengokubomvu, ukudumba, okanye ukurhawuzelela
• imihlathi (ukurhawuzelela ukurhawuzelela)

Ukuba uvelisa ezi mpawu, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi lexakeka elikufutshane.

Sukuphinda ulithathe eli chiza ukuba ukhe waba negazi kulo. Ukuyithatha kwakhona kunokuba yingozi (kubangele ukufa).

Isilumkiso sokunxibelelana notywala

I-Dalteparin iphakamisa umngcipheko wokopha. Ukuba neziselo ezinesiselo esinxilisayo ngelixa uthatha eli chiza kunyusa umngcipheko. Ukuba usela utywala, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ungadinga ukubekwa esweni kwiimpawu zokopha.

Izilumkiso zabantu abaneemeko ezithile zempilo

Kubantu abanembali yotyando lomqolo okanye isiphene: Ukuba unamayeza afakwe kwisithuba sakho se-epidural (emqolo), okanye unenkqubo ebandakanya ukugqobhoza ikholamu yakho yomqolo, eli chiza liphakamisa umngcipheko wokopha kule ndawo. Ukuba unesiphene somnqonqo okanye uqhaqho lomqolo lwamva nje, umngcipheko wakho uphezulu. Olu lwakhiwo lwegazi lungakhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu zokuhamba, kubandakanya ukukhubazeka kwinxalenye okanye uninzi lomzimba wakho. Ezi ngxaki zinokuhlala ngokusisigxina.

Kubantu abaphuma kakhulu: Ukuba okwangoku wophe kakhulu, musa ukusebenzisa eli chiza.

Kubantu abanembali yokubala okuphantsi kweplatelet yeziyobisi: Ukuba unenani eliphantsi leplatelet elibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwesiyobisi i-heparin, sukusebenzisa eli chiza.

Kubantu abanokungabikho komzimba kwi-heparin okanye ingulube: Sukusebenzisa eli chiza ukuba ubusabele kwi-heparin yeziyobisi okanye kwihagu.

Kubantu abaneengxaki zentliziyo zangoku okanye zangaphambili: Ukuba unembali yeengxaki ezithile zentliziyo, umngcipheko wokopha uyonyuka xa uthatha eli chiza. Ezi ngxaki zibandakanya:

• uxinzelelo lwegazi olungalawulekiyo
• usulelo entliziyweni yakho

Kubantu abanembali yestroke: Umngcipheko wokopha uyonyuka xa uthatha eli chiza.

Kubantu abaneengxaki zezintso okanye zesibindi: Umngcipheko wokopha uyonyuka xa uthatha eli chiza. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba eli chiza likhuselekile kuwe.

Kubantu abanengxaki yamehlo: Ukuba unengxaki yamehlo ebangelwa luxinzelelo lwamehlo oluphezulu okanye isifo seswekile, umngcipheko wokopha uyonyuka xa uthatha eli chiza. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba eli chiza likhuselekile kuwe.

Kubantu abanengxaki yokopha: Ukuba uneengxaki ezithile zokopha, umngcipheko wokopha uyonyuka xa uthatha eli chiza. Ezi ngxaki zibandakanya inani eliphantsi leeplatelets (iiseli zegazi ezinceda igazi lakho ukuba lijiye), okanye iiplatelets ezingasebenzi kakuhle. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba eli chiza likhuselekile kuwe.

Kubantu abanezilonda esiswini okanye ukopha esiswini kutshanje: Umngcipheko wokopha uyonyuka xa uthatha eli chiza. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba eli chiza likhuselekile kuwe.

Izilumkiso kwamanye amaqela

Abafazi abakhulelweyo: Izifundo azibonisanga unxibelelwano olucacileyo phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-dalteparin kunye neziphumo ezibi kwimveku engekazalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukubakho kweziphumo ezibi kwimveku engekhe kwagqitywa ngaphandle.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa. Eli chiza kufuneka lisetyenziswe kuphela xa ukhulelwe xa kufuneka ngokucacileyo.

Eli chiza linokuba ne-benzyl alcohol. Olu londolozo lunokubangela isifo se-gasping kwiintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha. Isifo seGasping sibangela ingxaki yokuphefumla kwaye singakhokelela ekufeni. Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye ufuna ukuthatha eli chiza, ugqirha wakho kufuneka amisele uhlobo lweli chiza elingenayo i-benzyl alcohol.

Kubafazi abancancisayo: Eli chiza linokudlula kubisi lwebele kwaye libangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga emntwaneni oncanciswa. Thetha nogqirha wakho xa uncelisa umntwana wakho. Kuya kufuneka uthathe isigqibo sokuba uyeke ukuncancisa okanye uyeke ukuthatha eli yeza.

Kubantu abadala: Izintso zabantu abadala zingasasebenzi ngendlela ababeqhele ukusebenza ngayo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uqhubekeke neziyobisi ngokuthe chu. Ngenxa yoko, inani eliphezulu leziyobisi lihlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga njengokuphuma kwegazi.

Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 kwaye ubunobunzima obungaphantsi kweepawundi ezingama-99 (45 kg) okanye unengxaki yezintso, usengozini yokopha xa uthatha eli chiza.

Kubantwana: Eli yeza khange lifundwe ebantwaneni. Akufanele isetyenziswe kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18.

Ungayithatha njani i-dalteparin

Zonke iidosi ezinokwenzeka kunye neefom zamachiza azinakufakwa apha. Umthamo wakho, ifom yeziyobisi, kunye nokuba ulithatha kangaphi iziyobisi kuya kuxhomekeka:

• iminyaka yakho
• imeko inyangwa
• imbi kangakanani imeko yakho
• ezinye iimeko zonyango onazo
• usabela njani kwidosi yokuqala

Iifom zamachiza kunye namandla

Igama lebrand: UFragmin

• Ifom: Idosi enye yesirinji ekhethiweyo
• Amandla: 2,500 IU / 0.2 mL, 5,000 IU / 0.2 mL, 7,500 IU / 0.3 mL, 12,500 IU / 0.5 mL, 15,000 IU / 0.6 mL, 18,000 IU / 0.72 ml

• Ifom: Idosi enye yesirinji ekhethiweyo
• Amandla: I-10,000 IU / mL

• Ifom: Ibhotile yedosi ezininzi
• Amandla: Ngama-95,000 IU / 3.8 mL

Umthamo wothintelo lweengxaki ezinxulumene ne-angina engazinzanga okanye isifo sentliziyo

Umthamo wabantu abadala (abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-64)

Umthamo wakho uya kusekelwa kubunzima bakho.

• Umyinge oqhelekileyo: I-120 IU / kg rhoqo kwiiyure ezili-12 kunye ne-aspirin (75-165 mg ngosuku).
• Ubude obuqhelekileyo bonyango: Iintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-8.
• Ubuninzi besilinganiso: I-10,000 IU ngenaliti nganye.

Idosi yomntwana (iminyaka eyi-0 ukuya kwi-17 iminyaka)

Eli yeza khange lifundwe ebantwaneni. Akufanele isetyenziswe kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18.

Umthamo omkhulu (iminyaka eyi-65 nangaphezulu)

Izintso zabantu abadala zingasasebenzi ngendlela ababeqhele ukusebenza ngayo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uqhubekeke neziyobisi ngokuthe chu. Ngenxa yoko, inani eliphezulu leziyobisi lihlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga njengokuphuma kwegazi.

Ugqirha wakho unokukuqala kwidosi esezantsi okanye ishedyuli eyahlukileyo yedosi. Oku kunokunceda ukugcina amanqanaba eli chiza ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Umthamo wothintelo lwe-vein thrombosis enzulu ngexesha lotyando lwesisu okanye esinqeni

Umthamo wabantu abadala (abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-64)

• Umyinge oqhelekileyo: Umthamo oqhelekileyo we-dalteparin uyahluka ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni ugqirha wakho angathanda ukuqala nini unyango kunye nomngcipheko wakho wamahlwili. Ugqirha wakho uya kumisela eyona dosi ilungileyo kuwe.
• Ubude obuqhelekileyo bonyango: Iintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-10.

Idosi yomntwana (iminyaka eyi-0 ukuya kwi-17 iminyaka)

Eli yeza khange lifundwe ebantwaneni. Akufanele isetyenziswe kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18.

Umthamo omkhulu (iminyaka eyi-65 nangaphezulu)

Izintso zabantu abadala zingasasebenzi ngendlela ababeqhele ukusebenza ngayo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uqhubekeke neziyobisi ngokuthe chu. Ngenxa yoko, inani eliphezulu leziyobisi lihlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga njengokuphuma kwegazi.

Ugqirha wakho unokukuqala kwidosi esezantsi okanye ishedyuli eyahlukileyo yedosi. Oku kunokunceda ukugcina amanqanaba eli chiza ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Idosi yokuthintela i-vein thrombosis enzulu kubantu abanentshukumo encinci ngenxa yokugula kakhulu

Umthamo wabantu abadala (abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-64)

• Umyinge oqhelekileyo: I-5,000 IU kanye yonke imihla.
• Ubude obuqhelekileyo bonyango: Iintsuku ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-14.
• Ubuninzi besilinganiso: I-10,000 IU ngenaliti nganye.

Idosi yomntwana (iminyaka eyi-0 ukuya kwi-17 iminyaka)

Eli yeza khange lifundwe ebantwaneni. Akufanele isetyenziswe kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18.

Umthamo omkhulu (iminyaka eyi-65 nangaphezulu)

Izintso zabantu abadala zingasasebenzi ngendlela ababeqhele ukusebenza ngayo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uqhubekeke neziyobisi ngokuthe chu. Ngenxa yoko, inani eliphezulu leziyobisi lihlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga njengokuphuma kwegazi.

Ugqirha wakho unokukuqala kwidosi esezantsi okanye ishedyuli eyahlukileyo yedosi. Oku kunokunceda ukugcina amanqanaba eli chiza ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Isisombululo kunyango lwe-venous thrombosis kubantu abanomhlaza

Umthamo wakho uya kusekelwa kubunzima bakho.

Umthamo wabantu abadala (abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-64)

• Umyinge oqhelekileyo: I-200 IU / kg kanye yonke imihla kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zokuqala. Emva koko, i-150 IU / kg kanye yonke imihla kangangeenyanga ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-6.
• Ubude obuqhelekileyo bonyango: Ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6.
• Ubuninzi besilinganiso: I-18,000 IU yonke imihla.

Idosi yomntwana (iminyaka eyi-0 ukuya kwi-17 iminyaka)

Eli yeza khange lifundwe ebantwaneni. Akufanele isetyenziswe kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18.

Umthamo omkhulu (iminyaka eyi-65 nangaphezulu)

Izintso zabantu abadala zingasasebenzi ngendlela ababeqhele ukusebenza ngayo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uqhubekeke neziyobisi ngokuthe chu. Ngenxa yoko, inani eliphezulu leziyobisi lihlala emzimbeni wakho ixesha elide. Oku kuphakamisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga njengokuphuma kwegazi.

Ugqirha wakho unokukuqala kwidosi esezantsi okanye ishedyuli eyahlukileyo yedosi. Oku kunokunceda ukugcina amanqanaba eli chiza ekwakheni kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: Injongo yethu kukukunika olona lwazi lufanelekileyo nolukhoyo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iziyobisi zichaphazela umntu ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo, asinakuqinisekisa ukuba olu luhlu lubandakanya zonke iidosi ezinokubakho. Olu lwazi aluthathi ndawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti malunga needosi ezikulungeleyo.

Thatha njengoko kuyalelwe

Isisombululo esingena ngenaliti se-Dalteparin sisetyenziselwa unyango lwexesha elifutshane. Kuza nomngcipheko omkhulu ukuba awuyithathi njengoko kumiselwe.

Ukuba uyeka ukuthatha iyeza ngesiquphe okanye ungathathi kwaphela: Unokuba negazi okanye ezinye iingxaki ezinzulu.

Ukuba uphosa idosi okanye awuthathi ichiza kwishedyuli: Amayeza akho anokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye angayeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Ukuze eli chiza lisebenze kakuhle, isixa esithile kufuneka sibe semzimbeni wakho ngalo lonke ixesha.

Ukuba uthatha kakhulu: Unokuba namanqanaba ayingozi amachiza emzimbeni wakho. Iimpawu libanda, eli chiza ngaquka ukopha kakhulu.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uthathe eli chiza kakhulu, tsalela ugqirha okanye indawo yolawulo lwetyhefu yendawo. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngoko nangoko.

Yintoni omele uyenze xa uphosa idosi: Thatha idosi yakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukhumbule. Kodwa ukuba ukhumbula iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwethamo lakho elilandelayo, thabatha idosi enye kuphela. Ungaze uzame ukubamba ngokuthatha iidosi ezimbini ngaxeshanye. Oku kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziyingozi.

Ungaxela njani ukuba ichiza liyasebenza: Awunakuva uhlukile xa eli chiza lisebenza. Nangona kunjalo, qiniseka ukuqhubeka ukuyithatha njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.

Ukuqwalaselwa okubalulekileyo kokuthatha i-dalteparin

Gcina ezi ngqwalaselo engqondweni ukuba ugqirha wakho ukumisela i-dalteparin.

Ngokubanzi

• Thatha eli chiza ngexesha (ama) elinconyelwe ngugqirha wakho.

Ukugcina

• Gcina eli chiza kubushushu begumbi phakathi kwama-68 ° F kunye nama-77 ° F (20 ° C nama-25 ° C).
• Gcina eli chiza kude nokukhanya.
• Sukugcina eli yeza kwiindawo ezifumileyo okanye ezimanzi, ezinjengezindlu zangasese.
• Emva kokusebenzisa ibhotile yedosi ezininzi okokuqala, unokuyigcina ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezimbini. Emva kwelo xesha, kuya kufuneka uyilahle kude.

Ukuzalisa kwakhona

Imigqaliselo yolu nyango iyahlaziywa. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ufune iyeza elitsha ukuze eli gciwane lizaliswe kwakhona. Ugqirha wakho uza kubhala inani lezinto ezigcwalisiweyo kugunyaziswe ngugqirha wakho.

Ukuhamba

Xa uhamba namayeza akho:

• Soloko uphatha amayeza akho kunye nawe. Xa ubhabha, ungaze uyibeke kwingxowa ekhangelwe. Yigcine kwibhegi yakho yokuqhubela phambili.
• Musa ukuzikhathaza ngoomatshini beX-ray kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Abakwazi ukulimaza amayeza akho.
• Kusenokufuneka ubonise abasebenzi besikhululo seenqwelomoya ilebhile yekhemesti yakho. Soloko uphatha ikhonteyina eneleta emiselweyo yentsusa.
• Musa ukubeka eli yeza kwigumbi leglavu lemoto yakho okanye ulishiye emotweni. Qiniseka ukuthintela ukwenza oku xa imozulu ishushu kakhulu okanye ibanda kakhulu.

Ukuzilawula

Ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti angakuxelela ukuba ungalifaka njani eli chiza ngokufanelekileyo. Nazi iingcebiso ezimbalwa:

• Ngena eli chiza uhleli okanye ulele.
• Musa ukulifaka eli chiza kwimisipha. Ungayifaka kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:
  • indawo ejikeleze iqhosha lesisu sakho
  • ummandla ongaphandle wamathanga akho
  • ummandla ophezulu weempundu zakho
• Guqula indawo yakho yenaliti yonke imihla.
• Musa ukudibanisa eli chiza nezinye inaliti.

Ukubeka iliso kwezonyango

Wena nogqirha kufuneka ujonge imicimbi ethile yempilo. Oku kunokukunceda uqiniseke ukuba uhlala ukhuselekile ngelixa uthatha eli chiza. Le micimbi ibandakanya:

• Ubalo lweplatelet: Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokujonga inani leeplatelets egazini lakho. Ukuba ubalo lweplatelet yakho lusezantsi, ugqirha wakho unokunciphisa idosi yeli chiza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha. Banokuyekisa nokusebenzisa eli chiza.
• Iingxaki zezintso: Ukuba unengxaki yezintso, ugqirha wakho uya kubeka esweni umsebenzi wakho wezintso ukubona ukuba ufuna idosi engezantsi yeli chiza. Ukuba unomdlavuza, ugqirha wakho unokubeka iliso kumanqanaba egazi akho kwiprotheni ebizwa ngokuba yi-anti-Xa. Ukwazi amanqanaba akho e-anti-Xa kunokunceda ugqirha wakho athathe isigqibo sesona siyobisi sihle kuwe. Amanqanaba akho ale protein ayakhangelwa kusetyenziswa uvavanyo lwegazi. Ezi mvavanyo zihlala zenziwa iiyure ezine ukuya kwezintandathu emva kwedosi yakho yesithathu okanye yesine yeli chiza.
• Iingxaki ezivela kwi-anesthesia ye-epidural: Ukuba uthatha eli chiza kwaye une-anesthesia ye-epidural (iyeza lentlungu elinikezwe ngenaliti kumqolo wakho), ugqirha wakho unokukujonga ngeempawu ezithile. Ezi mpawu zinokuba luphawu lweengxaki zemithambo-luvo. Ziquka:
  • umqolo obuhlungu
  • ukuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka emilenzeni
  • ukuphulukana nolawulo lwesinyi okanye amathumbu

Ukufumaneka

Ayizizo zonke iikhemesti ezigcina eli chiza. Xa ugcwalisa amayeza akho, qiniseka ukutsalela umnxeba phambili ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ikhemesti yakho iyayiphatha.

Iindleko ezifihliweyo

Kuya kufuneka ukuba ube kuvavanyo lwegazi ngexesha lonyango lwakho neli chiza. Iindleko zolu vavanyo ziya kuxhomekeka kwi-inshurensi yakho.

Ngaphambi kogunyaziso

Iinkampani ezininzi zeinshurensi zifuna ukugunyazwa kwangaphambili kwesi siyobisi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukufumana imvume kwinkampani yakho yeinshurensi ngaphambi kokuba inkampani yakho yeinshurensi ihlawule amayeza.

Ngaba zikhona ezinye iindlela?

Kukho ezinye iziyobisi ezikhoyo ukunyanga imeko yakho. Abanye banokukulungela ngcono kunabanye. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngezinye iindlela zamachiza ezinokusebenzela wena.

Iphepha elichazayo ukuba awusenanto oyifunayo: I-Healthline yenze yonke imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukuba lonke ulwazi luchanekile, lubanzi kwaye luhlaziyiwe. Nangona kunjalo, eli nqaku akufuneki lisetyenziswe endaweni yolwazi kunye nobuchule bengcali yezempilo enelayisensi. Kuya kufuneka usoloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho okanye nolunye uqeqesho kwezonyango ngaphambi kokuba uthathe nawaphi na amayeza. Ulwazi lweziyobisi oluqulethwe apha luyakwazi ukutshintsha kwaye alujoliswanga ekusetyenzisweni konke okunokwenzeka, imikhombandlela, izilumkiso, izilumkiso, ukuhlangana kweziyobisi, ukungahambelani komzimba, okanye iziphumo ezibi. Ukungabikho kwezilumkiso okanye olunye ulwazi ngesiyobisi esinikiweyo akubonisi ukuba indibaniselwano yeziyobisi ikhuselekile, iyasebenza, okanye ifanelekile kuzo zonke izigulana okanye konke ukusetyenziswa okuthile.