Izifo ezizalwe: ziyintoni kunye neentlobo eziqhelekileyo

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela isifo sokuzalwa
• Iindidi zeziphene zokuzalwa
• Indlela yokuthintela

Izifo ezizalwe nazo, ezibizwa ngokuba ziziphene zemfuza okanye ukungalunganga kwemfuza, lutshintsho oluvela ngexesha lokwakheka komntwana, ngexesha lokukhulelwa, elinokuthi liphele ngokuchaphazela nasiphi na isicwili emzimbeni womntu, njengamathambo, izihlunu okanye amalungu. Ezi ntlobo zotshintsho zihlala zikhokelela kuphuhliso olungaphelelanga, olugqibela ngokuchaphazela i-aesthetics kunye nokusebenza ngokuchanekileyo kwamalungu ahlukeneyo.

Inxalenye elungileyo yezifo zokuzalwa zinokuchongwa kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa, ukufunyanwa ngugqirha obelekisayo ngexesha lokubeleka okanye kugqirha wabantwana kunyaka wokuqala wobomi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezithile apho utshintsho kwimfuza luchaphazela amandla omva, njengokuthetha okanye ukuhamba, okanye olufuna iimvavanyo ezithile ukuba zichongwe, ekugqibeleni zichongwe kamva.

Kwiimeko zezifo ezizalwe kakhulu, ezithintela ukusinda komntwana, ukuphuma kwesisu kunokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha ngexesha lokukhulelwa, nangona kuqheleke kakhulu kwisiqingatha sokuqala sokukhulelwa.

Yintoni ebangela isifo sokuzalwa

Izifo ezizalwe nazo zinokubangelwa lutshintsho kwimfuzo okanye ngokusingqongileyo apho umntu wakhulelwa khona okanye waveliswa khona, okanye ngokudityaniswa kwezi zinto zimbini. Eminye imizekelo yile:

• Izinto zofuzo:

Utshintsho kwi-chromosome ngokunxulumene nenani, njengakwi-trisomy engama-21 eyaziwa njenge-Down syndrome, ijini eziguqukayo okanye utshintsho kulwakhiwo lwe-chromosome, njenge-X yesifo esibuthathaka.

• Imeko yendalo esingqongileyo:

Olunye utshintsho olunokukhokelela kwisiphene sokuzalwa kukusetyenziswa kwamayeza ngexesha lokukhulelwa, usulelo yintsholongwane icytomegalovirus, toxoplasma kunye netreponema pallidumUkuvezwa kwimitha, imidiza, icaffeine egqithisileyo, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala, ukudibana nesinyithi esinzima njengelothe, icadmium okanye imercury, umzekelo.

Iindidi zeziphene zokuzalwa

Iziphene zokuzalwa zinokuhlelwa ngohlobo lwazo:

• Ulwakhiwo olungalunganga: I-Down Syndrome, Isiphene ekubunjweni kwetyhubhu ye-neural, utshintsho lwentliziyo;
• Usulelo lokuzalwa: Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo ezifana negcushuwa okanye i-chlamydia, toxoplasmosis, rubella;
• Ukusetyenziswa kotywala: Ingxaki yotywala emzimbeni

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zokungalunganga kwemfuza zihlelwa ngokweSifo esibangela isiphako esithile, ezinye zixhaphake njenge:

• ukukhubazeka kwengqondo,
• impumlo ecabaleleyo okanye engekhoyo,
• umlomo ocacileyo,
• lonyawo olurhangqiweyo
• ubuso obude kakhulu,
• iindlebe eziphantsi kakhulu.

Ugqirha unokuchonga utshintsho ngexesha loviwo lwe-ultrasound xa ukhulelwe, ejonga ukubonakala komntwana ekuzalweni okanye ngokujonga iimpawu ezithile nasemva kwesiphumo sovavanyo oluthile.

Indlela yokuthintela

Akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukuthintela isiphene sokuzalwa kuba utshintsho lunokwenzeka ngaphandle kolawulo lwethu, kodwa ukwenza ukhathalelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka kunye nokulandela zonke izikhokelo zonyango ngexesha lokukhulelwa yenye yezilumkiso ekufuneka zithathiwe ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zomntwana.

Ezinye iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo kukuba ungathathi amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso yezonyango, ungaseli iziselo ezinxilisayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ungasebenzisi iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, ungatshayi kwaye uphephe ukusondela kwiindawo ezinomsi wecuba, ukutya ukutya okusempilweni kunye nokusela ubuncinci i-2. iilitha zamanzi ngosuku.