Ukuzikhusela kunye neziyobisi-Ishishini lokuThengisa iSwekile kuBantwana

Umxholo

• Ishishini lokutya kunye neziselo libadlalela njani abantwana bethu ukuze bandise inzuzo.
• Impembelelo yeswekile emzimbeni womntu
• Ukushukumisa umkhwa weswekile
• Ukuxhoma iswekile ebantwaneni
• Ukuxhasa ukutyeba kwabantwana
• Ukusuka kwiintsomi ukuya ekwabelaneni

Ishishini lokutya kunye neziselo libadlalela njani abantwana bethu ukuze bandise inzuzo.

Ngaphambi kosuku ngalunye lwesikolo, abafundi abavela eWestlake Middle School badibanisa phambi kwe-7-Eleven kwikona yeHarrison nakwizitalato ezingama-24 e-Oakland, California. Ngentsasa enye ngo-Matshi- {textend} Inyanga yeSizwe yeSondlo- {textend} amakhwenkwe amane atya inkukhu eqhotsiweyo kwaye asela iibhotile ezingama-20 zeCoca-Cola kwimizuzu ngaphambi kwentsimbi yokuqala yesikolo. Ngaphesheya kwesitalato, iMarike yokuThengisa ukutya konke inika impilo, kodwa iindleko, ukukhetha ukutya.

UPeter Van Tassel, owayesakuba yinqununu yesekela eWestlake, uthe uninzi lwabafundi base Westlake ngabantu abambalwa abasuka kwiintsapho zabasebenzi abanalo ixesha elincinane lokulungiselela ukutya. Rhoqo, uVan Tassel uthi, abafundi baya kubamba iingxowa zeetshiphusi ezishushu kunye nokwahluka kwesiselo saseArizona nge $ 2. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba bekwishumi elivisayo, abavakalelwa ziziphumo ezibi zizinto abazityayo nabaziselayo.

“Yinto abanokuyithenga kwaye inencasa, kodwa iswekile yonke. Iingqondo zabo azinakukwazi ukuyiphatha, utshilo uxelele uHealthline. "Ngumqobo nje omnye emva komnye ukwenza abantwana batye besempilweni."

Isinye kwisithathu sabo bonke abantwana kwisithili sase-Alameda, njengaseMelika yonke, batyebe kakhulu okanye batyebe kakhulu. eUnited States batyebe ngokunjalo, ngokwe-). Amanye amaqela, angabantu abamnyama, amaLatinos, kunye nabantu abahluphekileyo, banamazinga aphezulu kunabo. Nangona kunjalo, igalelo eliphambili kwii-calories ezingenanto kwi-Western diet - {textend} iswekile eyongeziweyo - {textend} ayinambitheki kamnandi xa ujonga indlela eziyichaphazela ngayo impilo yethu.

Impembelelo yeswekile emzimbeni womntu

Xa kuziwa kwiswekile, iingcali zezempilo azixhalabisi ngezinto ezenzeka ngokwendalo ezifumaneka kwiziqhamo nakokunye ukutya. Baxhalabile malunga neswekile ezongeziweyo - {textend} nokuba zisuka kummoba, kwiibhitolo, okanye kumbona - {textend} ezinganiki xabiso lesondlo. Iswekile yetafile, okanye i-sucrose, iyagaywa njengamafutha kunye ne-carbohydrate kuba inamalungu alinganayo eglucose kunye ne-fructose. Isiraphu yengqolowa ephezulu ye-fructose isebenza malunga neepesenti ezingama-42 ukuya kuma-55 zeglucose.

Iswekile inceda amandla kwiseli nganye emzimbeni wakho. Sisibindi kuphela esinokugaya i-fructose, nangona kunjalo, esijika sibe yi-triglycerides, okanye amafutha. Ngelixa oku ngesiqhelo kungayi kuba yingxaki kwiidosi ezincinci, izixa ezikhulu ezinje ngeswekile-isiselo esinxilisayo singenza amafutha amaninzi esibindini, kufana notywala.

Ngaphandle kwemingxunya, chwetheza 2 isifo seswekile, kunye nesifo sentliziyo, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweswekile kunokukhokelela ekutyebeni kakhulu nakwisifo sesibindi esinamafutha (i-NAFLD), imeko echaphazela ukuya kwikota enye yabantu base-US. I-NAFLD iyeyona nto ibangela ukufakelwa kwesibindi. Uphando lwamva nje olupapashwe kwiJenali yeHepatology yagqiba kwelokuba i-NAFLD ingoyena nobangela wesifo sentliziyo, esona sizathu sokufa kwabantu abane-NAFLD. Ikwanxulunyaniswe nokutyeba kakhulu, uhlobo lweswekile yesibini, i-triglycerides ephezulu, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ke, ukutyeba abantwana abasoloko besitya iswekile, izibindi zabo zifumana i-punch enye-ezimbini ihlala igcinelwe abantu abanxila.

UGqirha Robert Lustig, ugqirha we-endocrinologist kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eSan Francisco, uthi zombini utywala kunye neswekile ziityhefu ezinetyhefu ezingenalo naliphi na ixabiso lesondlo kwaye zibangela umonakalo xa zityiwe kakhulu.

“Utywala asikokutya. Awuyidingi, ”utshilo uLustig kwiHealthline. "Ukuba utywala ayikuko ukutya, iswekile ayikuko ukutya."

Kwaye bobabini banakho ukuba likhoboka.

Ngokophando olupapashwe kwi I-Neuroscience kunye noPhononongo lweNdalo, ukubhuza iswekile kuchaphazela indawo yobuchopho enxulunyaniswa nolawulo lweemvakalelo. Abaphengululi bagqibe kwelokuba "ukungena ngeswekile okwexeshana kungakhokelela kwiinguqu kwindlela yokuziphatha nakwimithambo-luvo efana nefuthe lokuxhatshazwa."

Ukongeza kwinto yokuba likhoboka, uphando oluvelayo lubonisa ukuba i-fructose yonakalisa unxibelelwano phakathi kweeseli zengqondo, inyusa ubuthi kwingqondo, kunye nokutya iswekile ixesha elide kunciphisa amandla engqondo okufunda kunye nokugcina ulwazi. Uphando oluphume kwi-UCLA olupapashwe ngo-Epreli lufumanise ukuba i-fructose inokonakalisa amakhulu ezinto zofuzo eziphambili kwimetabolism kwaye zikhokelele kwizifo eziphambili, kubandakanya i-Alzheimer's kunye ne-ADHD.

Ubungqina bokuba iikhalori ezigqithileyo ezivela kwiswekile ezongeziweyo zinegalelo ekuzuzeni ubunzima kunye nokutyeba kakhulu yinto eyenziwa ngumzi-mveliso weswekile ngokuzama ukuzisusa kubo. Umbutho weAmerican Beverage Association, iqela lezorhwebo labenzi beziselo ezineswekile, uthi kukho ingqwalaselo ephosakeleyo enikwe isoda enxulumene nokukhuluphala.

"Iziselo ezineswekile ezenziwa siswekile kwi-avareji yokutya kwaseMelika kwaye zinokonwatyiswa ngokulula njengenxalenye yokutya okunezondlo," latsho iqela kwingxelo kwiHealthline. “Iinkcukacha zamva nje zenzululwazi ezivela kumaziko e-U.S. AmaZiko okuLawula nokuThintela izifo zibonisa ukuba iziselo ezinganqweneliyo zibangela ukunyuka kwamazinga okutyeba kunye neemeko ezinxulumene nokutya kakhulu eUnited States. Amanqanaba okutyeba aqhubeka enyuka ngokuthe ngcembe njengoko ukuhla kwesoda kuyehla, kungabonakali nxu lumano. ”

Abo bangenayo inzuzo yemali enxulumene nokusetyenziswa kweswekile, nangona kunjalo, abavumelani. Abaphandi baseHarvard bathi iswekile, ngakumbi iziselo ezineswekile, zonyusa umngcipheko wokutyeba kakhulu, isifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo kunye ne-gout.

Xa ulinganisa ubungqina bokwenza utshintsho kwileyibhile yokutya ngoku, ubungqina "obomeleleyo obungaguquguqukiyo" obongeze iswekile kukutya nakwiziselo zinxulunyaniswa nobunzima bomzimba obugqithisileyo ebantwaneni. Iphaneli ye-FDA ikwazimisele ukuba iswekile eyongeziweyo, ngakumbi ezo zisuka kwiziselo ezineswekile, zonyusa umngcipheko wohlobo lweswekile 2. Ifumene ubungqina "bokumodareyitha" bokuba inyusa umngcipheko wexinzelelo, ukubetha, kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Ukushukumisa umkhwa weswekile

Njengobungqina bokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezempilo, abantu abaninzi baseMelika bayatsiba isoda, nokuba yeyokutya okanye ukutya rhoqo. Ngokophando lwakutsha nje lweGallup, abantu ngoku bayayiphepha isoda ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto ezingenampilo, kubandakanya iswekile, amanqatha, inyama ebomvu kunye netyuwa. Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kweMelika kweziswiti kuyancipha kulandela ukonyuka koo-1990 kunye nencopho ngo-1999.

Ukutya, nangona kunjalo, yimicimbi enzima ukuyichitha. Ukujolisa kwesinye isithako esithile kunokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Amafutha okutya ebekugxilwe kuwo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 eyadlulayo emva kokuba iingxelo zibonakalisile ukuba zonyusa amathuba okuba nesifo, kubandakanya ukutyeba kunye neengxaki zentliziyo. Ke, iimveliso ezininzi ezinamafutha aphezulu njengobisi, amashwamshwam, kunye neekeyiki, ngokukodwa, zaqala ukubonelela ngamafutha asezantsi, zihlala zongeza iswekile ukuze zithandeke ngakumbi. Ezi iswekile zifihliweyo zinokwenza ukuba kube nzima ebantwini ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwabo kweswekile yemihla ngemihla.

Ngelixa abantu benokuthi baziqonde ngakumbi iziphene ze-sweeteners ezigqithisileyo kwaye bazihambele kude kubo, iingcali ezininzi zikholelwa ukuba kusekho uphuculo ekufuneka lwenziwe. Ugqirha Allen Greene, ugqirha wabantwana ePalo Alto, California, uthe ukutya okuncinci, okucutshungulwayo kunye nokunxibelelana nezifo eziphambili ngoku kungumba wobulungisa kwezentlalo.

"Ukufumana nje iinyani akwanele," uxelele uHealthline. "Bafuna izixhobo zokusebenza ukuze benze utshintsho."

Esinye sezixhobo lulwazi oluchanekileyo, utshilo uGreene, kwaye ayisiyiyo le ifunyanwa ngumntu wonke, ngakumbi abantwana.

Ngelixa kungekho semthethweni ukubhengeza utywala kunye necuba ebantwaneni, kusemthethweni ukuthengisa ukutya okungenampilo ngqo kubo usebenzisa abalinganiswa bekhathuni ababathandayo. Ngapha koko, lishishini elikhulu, lixhaswa ngokubhalwa kwirhafu ezinye iingcali eziphikisanayo kufuneka ziyeke ukucothisa ubhubhane wokutyeba.

Ukuxhoma iswekile ebantwaneni

Abenzi besiselo esinxilisayo kunye namandla okusela ngokungagungqiyo bajolise abantwana abancinci kunye nabancinci kuzo zonke iindlela zosasazo. Phantse isiqingatha se- $ 866 yezigidi zeenkampani zotywala ezichithwe kwintengiso ekujoliswe kuyo kulutsha, ngokwengxelo yakutshanje evela kwiFederal Trade Commission (FTC). Abenzi bokutya okukhawulezayo, ukutya okuziinkozo kwasekuseni, kunye neziselo ezihlwahlwazayo, yonke eyona mithombo iphambili yeswekile eyongeziweyo kukutya kwaseMelika, ehlawulelwe uninzi - {textend} 72 pesenti - {textend} yokutya okuthengiselwe abantwana.

Ingxelo ye-FTC, eyagunyaziswa ukuphendula ubhubhane waseMelika, yafumanisa ukuba phantse yonke iswekile kwiziselo ezithengiselwa abantwana yongezwa iswekile, umndilili ongaphezulu kwe-20 yeegram ngokusebenza. Ingaphezulu kwesiqingatha semali ecetyiswayo yemihla ngemihla yamadoda amadala.

Ukutya okulula okuthengiswa kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo ngabona baphula umthetho, kunye neenkcazo ezimbalwa zentlanganiso yeekhalori ezisezantsi, amanqatha amancinci, okanye isodiyam ephantsi. Phantse akukho namnye onokuthi athathwe njengomthombo olungileyo wefayibha okanye ubuncinci beziqingatha ezigcweleyo, ingxelo ithi. Rhoqo, oku kutya kuvunywa ngabantu abadumileyo abalinganiswa ngabantwana, nangona uninzi lweemveliso abazamkelayo ziwela kudidi lokutya okungenamsoco.

Uphononongo olukhutshwe ngoJuni kwiphephancwadi iPediatrics lufumanise ukuba iipesenti ezingama-71 zeziselo ezinxilisayo ezingama-69 ezikhuthazwa ngabantu abadumileyo beziziiswekile eziswiti. Kwababhiyozeli abangama-65 abavume ukutya okanye iziselo, ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-80 ubuncinci ukutyunjwa kwamabhaso okhetho lwabaselula, kwaye iipesenti ezingama-80 zokutya neziselo abazamkelayo zazinamandla okanye zingenazondlo. Abo banezithembiso ezininzi zokutya kunye neziselo babengabaculi abadumileyo uBaauer, will.i.am, Justin Timberlake, Maroon 5, kunye noBritney Spears. Ukujonga ezo zinto zingqinisisiweyo kunokuba nefuthe ngqo kubungakanani bomntwana obubekayo.

Olunye uphononongo lwe-UCLA luye lwabonisa ukuba ukubukela umabonakude wentengiso, ngokuchaseneyo neeDVD okanye iinkqubo zemfundo, zihambelana ngqo nesalathiso sobunzima bomzimba (BMI), ngakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala. Oku, abaphandi bathi, kungenxa yokuba abantwana babona, ngokomndilili, i-4,000 yeentengiso zikamabonwakude zokutya ngexesha besi-5.

Ukuxhasa ukutyeba kwabantwana

Phantsi komthetho werhafu wangoku, iinkampani zinokutsala iindleko zentengiso kunye nentengiso kwirhafu yengeniso, kubandakanya nezo zikhuthaza ngokungenampilo ukutya okungenampilo ebantwaneni. Ngo-2014, abenzi bomthetho bazamile ukugqithisa umthetho oyilwayo - {textend} i-Stop Subsidizing Childhood Obesity Act - {textend} eya kuthi iphelise ukuncitshiswa kwerhafu kwintengiso yokutya okungafunekiyo ebantwaneni. Inenkxaso yemibutho emikhulu yezempilo kodwa yasweleka kwiCongress.

Ukuphelisa ezi nkxaso zerhafu lolunye ungenelelo olunokuthi lunciphise ukutyeba kwabantwana, ngokophando olupapashwe kwiMicimbi yezeMpilo. Oososayensi abavela kwezinye zezona zikolo ziphambili e-United States baphonononge iindlela ezingabizi kakhulu nezisebenzayo zokulwa ukutyeba kakhulu ebantwaneni, befumanisa ukuba irhafu yempahla kwiziselo ezineswekile, ukuphelisa inkxaso-mali yerhafu, kunye nokumisela imigangatho yesondlo yokutya neziselo ezithengiswa ezikolweni ngaphandle izidlo bezizezona zinempumelelo.

Lilonke, abaphandi baqukumbele ngelithi, la manyathelo okungenelela anokuthintela i-1,050,100 yamatyala amatsha okutyeba kwabantwana ngo-2025. Kwidola nganye echithwe, imali eyongiweyo kulindeleke ukuba ibe phakathi kwe- $ 4.56 kunye ne-32.53 yeedola ngecebo ngalinye.

"Umbuzo obalulekileyo kubenzi bemigaqo-nkqubo ngulo, kutheni bengayilandeli imigaqo-nkqubo engabizi mali inokuthi ithintele ukutyeba kwabantwana kwaye ibize ixabiso elincinci ukuyiphumeza kunokuba bebeyongela uluntu?" Abaphandi babhale kolu phando.

Ngelixa iinzame zokunyanzelisa irhafu kwiziselo ezineswekile e-United States zihlala zihlangatyezwa ngokuchasana okunobuzaza kwimizi-mveliso, iMexico yamisela enye yeerhafu eziphezulu kwilizwe lonke. Kubangele ukwehla kweepesenti ezili-12 kwintengiso yesoda kunyaka wayo wokuqala. E-Thailand, iphulo lakutsha nje elixhaswe ngurhulumente malunga nokusetyenziswa kweswekile libonisa imifanekiso eqaqambileyo yezilonda ezivulekileyo, ezibonisa indlela isifo esinganyangekiyo seswekile esenza ukuba kube nzima ukuba izilonda ziphilise. Zifana neelebheli zemizobo amanye amazwe anazo kwiphakheji yecuba.

Xa kufikwa kwisoda, iAustralia iyaluma emva kwintengiso embi, kodwa ikwalikhaya lelinye lawona maphulo asebenzayo okuthengisa kwinkulungwane yama-21.

Ukusuka kwiintsomi ukuya ekwabelaneni

Ngo-2008, uCoca-Cola wasungula iphulo lesibhengezo eOstreliya elibizwa ngokuba yi “Motherhood and Myth-Busting.” Yayinomdlali weqonga uKerry Armstrong kwaye injongo yayikukuqonda inyani emva kweCoca-Cola.

“Intsomi. Kukwenza utyebe. Ubuxoki. Ubola amazinyo. Ubuxoki. Ibipakishwe ngecaffeine, ”la yayingamabinzana athi uKhuphiswano lwase-Australia kunye neKhomishini yabathengi yaxubusha, ngakumbi ingcamango yokuba umzali onoxanduva unokubandakanya i-Coke kukutya kosapho kwaye angabi naxhala malunga neziphumo zempilo. I-Coca-Cola kwafuneka iqhube iintengiso kwi-2009 ilungisa "iintsomi" zabo eziqingqiweyo ezathi iziselo zabo zinokuba negalelo ekuzuzeni ubunzima, ukutyeba kakhulu, kunye nokubola kwamazinyo.

Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, uCoke wayejonge iphulo elitsha lentengiso yehlobo. Iqela labo lezentengiso linikezwe inkululeko "yokuhambisa umbono ophazamisayo ngokwenyani oza kwenza iintloko," ejolise kulutsha nakubantu abadala abancinci.

Iphulo "Yabelana ngeCoke", kunye neebhotile ezinamagama ali-150 aqhelekileyo e-Australia, wazalwa. Yaguqulelwa kwiitoti neebhotile ezingama-250 ezigidi zathengiswa kwilizwe elinabantu abazizigidi ezingama-23 ngehlobo lowama-2012. Eli phulo laba yinto eyenzeka kwihlabathi liphela, njengoko uCoke, owayengumkhokeli wehlabathi kwinkcitho yokusela iswekile, echithe i-3.3 yezigidigidi zeerandi kwintengiso ngo-2012. I-arhente yentengiso eza nomama okhuthaza intsomi kunye nokwabelana ngemikhankaso ye-Coke, waphumelela amabhaso amaninzi, kubandakanya ne-Creative Effectiveness Lion.

UZac Hutchings, waseBrisbane, wayeneminyaka eli-18 ubudala ukuqala kwephulo. Ngelixa wabona abahlobo bethumela iibhotile ezinamagama abo kwimidiya yoluntu, ayimvuseleli ukuba athenge isoda.

"Ngephanyazo xa ndicinga ngokusela kakhulu iCoke ndicinga ngokutyeba kunye neswekile," uxelele uHealthline. "Ndiyayiphepha icaffeine ngokubanzi xa ndinako, kwaye isixa seswekile ekuso siyinto engekhoyo, kodwa yiyo loo nto abantu bethanda incasa ngokuchanekileyo?"

Jonga ukuba kutheni ilixesha #BreakUpWithSugar