Kukuthini ukukhubazeka ngokwasengqondweni

Umxholo

• Indlela yokuchonga
• Izizathu eziphambili
• Kwenziwe ntoni

Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kuyangqinelana nokulibaziseka ekukhuleni kwengqondo yabanye abantwana, enokuthi ibonwe ngobunzima bokufunda, unxibelelwano oluncinci nabanye abantu kunye nokungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi elula nefanelekileyo kubudala babo.

Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-DI, sisifo esichaphazelayo esichaphazela malunga ne-2 ukuya kwi-3% yabantwana kwaye sinokwenzeka ngenxa yeemeko ezininzi, ukusuka kubunzima ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ukubeleka, kutshintsho lwemfuzo, njenge-Down Syndrome kunye ne-X syndrome ebuthathaka, umzekelo . Fumanisa ukuba ziziphi iimpawu ezibuthathaka X syndrome.

Esi sifo sinokubonwa ngabazali okanye ngutitshala esikolweni, nangona kunjalo, unyango kufuneka lwenziwe liqela elinamacandelo ahlukeneyo ukuze kukhuthazwe yonke imisebenzi yokuqonda, ukuthanda inkqubo yokufunda kunye nobudlelwane nabanye abantu. Ke, kubalulekile ukuba umntwana abeke esweni ngokuthe ngqo nangokungagungqiyo ugqirha wabantwana, ingcali yokuthetha, umhlohli kunye nonyango lwengqondo, umzekelo.

Indlela yokuchonga

Kuyenzeka ukuba uchonge ukukhubazeka kwengqondo ngokujonga indlela yokuziphatha komntwana yonke imihla. Ngokwesiqhelo, akabonakalisi isimilo esifanayo nabanye abantwana abakwiminyaka efanayo, kwaye kuhlala kufanelekile ukuba umntu omdala okanye umntwana omdala abekhona ukuze ancede ekwenzeni isenzo, umzekelo.

Ngokwesiqhelo abantwana abakhubazeke ngokwasengqondweni bane:

• Ubunzima ekufundeni nasekuqondeni;
• Kunzima ukuziqhelanisa nayo nayiphi na imeko;
• Ukungabikho komdla kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla;
• Ukuzahlula usapho, osebenza nabo okanye utitshala, umzekelo;
• Ubunzima kulungelelwaniso kunye noxinzelelo.

Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukuba umntwana atshintshe ukuthanda ukutya, uloyiko olugqithisileyo kwaye angabinakho ukwenza imisebenzi awayeyenza ngaphambili.

Izizathu eziphambili

Unobangela oqhelekileyo wokukhubazeka kwengqondo kukutshintsha kwemfuza, njenge-Down syndrome, i-X ethe-ethe, uPrader-Willi, uAngelman noWilliams, umzekelo. Zonke ezi syndromes zenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho kwi-DNA, enokubangela, phakathi kwezinye iimpawu, kukukhubazeka kwengqondo. Ezinye izizathu zokukhubazeka kwengqondo zezi:

• Iingxaki zokubeleka, ezithi zenzeke ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ezinjengokungalunganga komntwana, isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, ukusebenzisa amayeza, ukutshaya, ukunxila, ukusebenzisa iziyobisi kunye nosulelo, njengegcushuwa, irubella kunye ne-toxoplasmosis;
• Iingxaki zePerinatal, ezenzeka ukuqala kokubeleka kude kube yinyanga yokuqala yobomi bosana, njengokuncipha kokunikezelwa kweoksijini kwingqondo, ukungondleki, ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kwexesha, ubunzima bokuzalwa okuphantsi kunye nejaundice esandula kuzalwa;
• Ukungondleki kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ezinokwenzeka de kube sekupheleni kobutsha kwaye zikhokelele kukhubazeko lwengqondo;
• Ityhefu okanye ukunxila ngamayeza okanye ngesinyithi esinzima;
• Usulelo Ngexesha lobuntwana elinokukhokelela kukhubazeko lwe-neuronal, ukunciphisa amandla okuqonda, anje nge-meningitis, umzekelo;
• Iimeko ezinciphisa ukubonelelwa kweoksijini kwingqondo, ezinokubangela ukukhubazeka kwengqondo. Yazi oyena nobangela wehypoxia kwingqondo.

Ukongeza kwezi zizathu, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kunokwenzeka kwiimpazamo ezangena ngaphakathi kwimetabolism, olutshintsho lwemfuza olunokwenzeka kwimetabolism yomntwana kwaye ikhokelele kuphuhliso lwezifo ezithile, ezinje ngokuzalwa kwe-hypothyroidism kunye ne-phenylketonuria. Qonda ngcono ukuba yintoni i-phenylketonuria.

Kwenziwe ntoni

Ukuba ukuxilongwa kokukhubazeka kwengqondo kuyenziwa, kubalulekile ukuba amandla okuqonda kunye nokuqonda komntwana ahlala ekhuthazwa, kwaye ukubeka esweni liqela elinamakhondo amaninzi kubalulekile.

Esikolweni, umzekelo, kubalulekile ukuba ootitshala bayiqonde imfuno yomfundi yobunzima kunye nokuphuhlisa isicwangciso esithile sokufunda somntwana. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuyigcina idityanisiwe kwaye ukhuthaze unxibelelwano lwakho kunye nokunxibelelana nabanye abantu, okunokwenziwa kwimidlalo yebhodi, iipuzzle kunye nemime, umzekelo. Lo msebenzi, ukongeza ekukhuthazeni unxibelelwano lwasentlalweni, uvumela umntwana ukuba agxile ngakumbi, okwenza ukuba afunde ngokukhawuleza.

Kukwabalulekile ukuba utitshala ahloniphe isantya sokufunda komntwana, abuyele kwizifundo ezilula okanye kwimisebenzi ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhuthaza ukufunda, kuyathakazelisa ukuba utitshala achonge indlela umntwana aqonda ngayo ulwazi kunye nomxholo, nokuba kungokubonwayo okanye ngokuva, umzekelo, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba kusekwe isicwangciso semfundo esekwe kwimpendulo efanelekileyo yomntwana.