Izinto ezinobungozi kwiSwekile

Umxholo

• Zeziphi izinto zofuzo ezichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?
• Zeziphi izinto ezingqongileyo ezichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?
• Zeziphi izinto zokuphila ezichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?
• Zeziphi iimeko zonyango ezichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?
• Zeziphi izinto ezinxulumene nobudala ezichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?
• Ngaba kukho iingcamango eziphosakeleyo ezinxulumene nomngcipheko wesifo seswekile?

Yintoni isifo seswekile?

Isifo seswekile yimeko echaphazela ukukwazi komzimba ukusebenzisa iswekile yegazi kumandla. Ezi ntlobo zintathu ziluhlobo 1, uhlobo 2, kunye neswekile yokukhulelwa:

• Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekileichaphazela amandla omzimba okuvelisa i-insulin. Oogqirha bahlala bexilonga ebuntwaneni, nangona kunokwenzeka nakubantu abadala. Ihommone insulin ibalulekile ekuncedeni umzimba ukuba usebenzise iswekile esegazini. Ngaphandle kwe-insulin eyaneleyo, iswekile eyongezelelweyo yegazi inokuwonakalisa umzimba. Ngokwe-American Diabetes Association, i-1.25 yezigidi zabantwana base-US kunye nabantu abadala bane-1 yeswekile.
• Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekileichaphazela ukukwazi komzimba ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokungafaniyo nabantu abanesifo seswekile sokuqala, abantu abane-2 yeswekile benza i-insulin. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba azenzi ngokwaneleyo ukugcina up kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini okanye umzimba wabo awunakho ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngokufanelekileyo. Oogqirha banxulumana nohlobo lwesibini lweswekile kunye nezinto ezinxulumene nendlela yokuphila enjengokutyeba.
• Isifo seswekileyimeko ebangela ukuba abantu basetyhini babe namazinga aphezulu eswekile yegazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Le meko ihlala okwethutyana.

Ukuba nezinto ezinobungozi akuthethi ukuba umntu uza kuba nesifo seswekile.

Zeziphi izinto zofuzo ezichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?

Oogqirha abazi ukuba yintoni unobangela wohlobo lweswekile 1.

Imbali yosapho yohlobo lweswekile 1 ithathwa njengomngcipheko. Ngokwe-American Diabetes Association:

• Ukuba umntu unesifo seswekile sohlobo 1, umntwana wakhe unethuba eli-1 kwali-17 lokufumana uhlobo lweswekile.
• Ukuba owasetyhini unesifo seswekile sokuqala:
  • Umntwana wakhe unethuba elinye kwamashumi amabini anesihlanu lokuphuhlisa uhlobo lweswekile yokuqala- ukuba umntwana uzelwe xa umfazi emncinci kunama-25.
  • umntwana wakhe unethuba eli-1 kwali-100 lokuphuhlisa uhlobo lweswekile yokuqala- ukuba umntwana uzelwe xa umfazi enama-25 okanye ngaphezulu.
• Ukuba bobabini abazali bane-1 yeswekile, umntwana wabo uphakathi kwe-1 kwi-10 kunye ne-1 kwithuba le-4 lokuphuhlisa uhlobo lweswekile.

Ukuba nomzali onesifo seswekile 2 kukonyusa umngcipheko weswekile. Kuba isifo seswekile sihlala sihambelana nokukhetha indlela yokuphila, abazali banokudlulisela imikhwa emibi yezempilo kubantwana babo ukongeza kwimfuza. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wabantwana babo wokufumana iintlobo 2 zeswekile.

Abantu beentlanga ezithile bakumngcipheko ophezulu wesifo seswekile sesi-2. Oku kubandakanya:

• Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika
• AmaMerika Omthonyama
• Abantu baseAsia-Amerika
• Abahlali bePacific Island
• Abantu baseSpain baseMelika

Abasetyhini banomngcipheko okhulayo wesifo seswekile xa benelungu losapho elisondeleyo elinesifo seswekile.

Zeziphi izinto ezingqongileyo ezichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?

Ukuba nentsholongwane (uhlobo olungaziwayo) besebancinci kunokubangela uhlobo lweswekile 1 kwabanye abantu.

Abantu banamathuba okuba babe nohlobo 1 lweswekile ukuba bahlala kwimozulu ebandayo. Oogqirha baphinde baxilonge abantu abanesifo seswekile sokuqala ebusika rhoqo kunasehlotyeni.

Izifundo ezininzi zicebisa ukuba ungcoliseko lomoya lungakubeka emngciphekweni wokuba nesifo seswekile.

Zeziphi izinto zokuphila ezichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?

Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile, akucaci ukuba kukho naziphi na iimeko ezinxulumene nobomi.

Uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile luhlala luhambelana nendlela yokuphila. Izinto zokuphila ezonyusa umngcipheko zibandakanya:

• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukungasebenzi
• ukutshaya
• ukutya okungenampilo

NgokweAmerican Academy yoGqirha boSapho, ukutyeba yeyona nto iphambili kuhlobo lwesifo seswekile.

Zeziphi iimeko zonyango ezichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?

Abantu banamathuba amahle okuba babe nohlobo lwesibini seswekile ukuba banemiqathango ilandelayo:

• i-acanthosis nigricans, imeko yolusu eyenza ulusu lubonakale lube mnyama kunesiqhelo
• uxinzelelo lwegazi (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) ngaphezulu kwe-130/80 mm Hg
• cholesterol ephezulu
• I-polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS)
• i-prediabetes okanye amanqanaba eswekile egazini aphezulu kunesiqhelo, kodwa hayi kumanqanaba eswekile
• Amanqanaba e-triglyceride angama-250 okanye ngaphezulu

Abasetyhini abanesifo seswekile sokuzala xa bezala umntwana onobunzima obuziikhilogram ezili-9 okanye nangakumbi basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhulisa uhlobo lweswekile yesi-2.

Zeziphi izinto ezinxulumene nobudala ezichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?

Abantu banokufumana isifo seswekile njengoko bekhula. Ngokwe-American Diabetes Association, kuqikelelwa ukuba ama-25 eepesenti abemi baseUnited States abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu banesifo seswekile.

cebisa abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-45 nangaphezulu ukuba bafumane uvavanyo lweswekile. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa umntu etyebe kakhulu.

Ngaba kukho iingcamango eziphosakeleyo ezinxulumene nomngcipheko wesifo seswekile?

Ukucinga gwenxa ngesifo seswekile kukuba izitofu zibangela isifo seswekile. NgokweZiko leSizwe loPhando noPhando, akukho bungqina buxhasa eli bango.