Ifunyaniswa njani i-meningitis

Umxholo

• 1. Uvavanyo lweempawu
• 2. Inkcubeko yeCRL
• 3. Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• 4. Ukulinganisa iimviwo
• 5. Uvavanyo lweNdebe

Ukuchongwa kwesifo sokudumba kwenwebu yengqondo kwenziwa ngokujongwa kweempawu zesifo kwaye kwaqinisekiswa ngovavanyo olubizwa ngokuba kukugqobhoza i-lumbar, equka ukususwa kwemali encinci ye-CSF kumjelo womqolo. Olu vavanyo lunokubonisa ukuba ngaba kukho ukudumba kwi-meninges kwaye yeyiphi i-arhente ye-causative ebalulekileyo ekuchongeni nasekukhokeleni unyango lwesi sifo.

Iimvavanyo neemviwo ezinoku-odolwa ngugqirha zezi:

1. Uvavanyo lweempawu

Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwe-meningitis kwenziwa ngokuvavanywa kweempawu ngugqirha, ejonga ukuba ngaba umntu uziva iintlungu okanye ubunzima ekushukumiseni intamo, unefiva ephezulu kunye nequbuliso, isiyezi, ubunzima bokugxila, ubuntununtunu ekukhanyeni, ukungabinamdla wokutya, ukunxanwa kunye nokudideka kwengqondo, umzekelo.

Ngokusekwe kuvavanyo lweempawu eziboniswe sisigulana, ugqirha unokucela ezinye iimvavanyo ukugqibezela isifo. Yazi ezinye iimpawu ze-meningitis.

2. Inkcubeko yeCRL

Inkcubeko ye-CSF, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-cerebrospinal fluid okanye i-CSF, lolunye lweemvavanyo eziphambili zaselebhu eziceliweyo zokufumanisa isifo se-meningitis. Olu viwo luquka ukuthatha isampuli ye-CSF, engamanzi efumaneka ngaphakathi kwinkqubo ye-nervous system, ngokusebenzisa i-lumbar puncture, ethunyelwa elebhu ukujongisisa kunye nophando lwee-microorganisms.

Olu vavanyo alonwabisi, kodwa luyakhawuleza, kwaye luhlala lubangela intloko kunye nesiyezi emva kwenkqubo, kodwa kwezinye iimeko lunokukhulula iimpawu zesifo sokudumba kwenwebu ngokuthoba uxinzelelo lwe-cranial.

Ukubonakala kolwelo kungabonisa ukuba umntu unesifo sokudumba kwenwebu yengqondo ngenxa yokuba kule meko, ulwelo lunokuba namafu kwaye kwimeko yesifo sephepha i-meningitis inokuba namafu kancinci, kwezinye iindidi imbonakalo inokuqhubeka icocekile kwaye ibonakale njengamanzi.

3. Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo

Ukuvavanywa komchamo kunye negazi kunokuyalelwa ukuba uncede ufumanise i-meningitis. Uvavanyo lomchamo lunokubonisa ubukho bosulelo, ngenxa yokubonakala kwebhakteria kunye ne-leukocyte ezingenakubalwa kumchamo, kwaye ke, inkcubeko yomchamo ingabonakaliswa ichonge i-microorganism.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lukwacelwa kakhulu ukuba lwazi imeko yomntu ngokubanzi, enokuthi ibonise ukwanda kwenani leeukocyte kunye nee-neutrophils, ukongeza ekubeni nakho ukubona ii-lymphocyte ezi-atypical, kwimeko ye-CBC, kunye nokwanda Uxinzelelo lwe-CRP egazini, ebonisa ukuba usulelekile.

Ngokwesiqhelo xa kukho uphawu lokosuleleka ziibhaktheriya, kunokucetyiswa ibacterioscopy kwaye, ukuba umntu ulaliswe esibhedlele, inkcubeko yegazi, enenkcubeko yesampulu yegazi elebhu ukujonga ubukho bosulelo egazini. Kwimeko ye-bacterioscopy, isampuli eqokelelweyo kwisigulana ichaphazeleka yibala le-Gram kwaye emva koko yahlalutywa phantsi kwemicroscope ukuqinisekisa ubungqina bentsholongwane kwaye, ngenxa yoko, inceda ekuchongeni.

Ngokweziphumo zeemviwo ze-microbiological, kunokwenzeka ukuba ujonge ukuba yeyiphi na i-antibiotic ye-microorganism enovakalelo kuyo, ibe yeyona icetyiswayo kunyango lwe-meningitis. Fumanisa ukuba lwenziwa njani unyango lwe-meningitis.

4. Ukulinganisa iimviwo

Ukujonga iimvavanyo, ezinje ngecomputer tomography kunye nemagnetic resonance imaging, kuboniswa kuphela xa ukonakala kwengqondo okanye i-sequelae eshiywe yi-meningitis ikrokreleka. Kukho imiqondiso ekrokrisayo xa umntu exhuzula, utshintsho kubungakanani babafundi bamehlo kwaye ukuba kurhanelwa isifo se-meningitis.

Xa kufunyaniswa isifo, isigulana kufuneka sihlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuze unyango luqale, ngokusekwe kwi-antibiotics kwimeko ye-bacterial meningitis okanye amayeza okwehlisa umkhuhlane kunye nokunciphisa ukungonwabi kwimeko ye-meningitis yentsholongwane.

5. Uvavanyo lweNdebe

Uvavanyo lwendebe luvavanyo olulula olunokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo se-meningococcal meningitis, eluhlobo lwe-bacterial meningitis ebonakaliswa bubukho bamabala abomvu eluswini. Uvavanyo luqulathe ukucofa indebe yeglasi ebonakalayo engalweni kwaye ujonge ukuba amabala abomvu ahlala kwaye angabonwa ngeglasi, enokuthi ibonakalise isifo.