Yintoni ebangela ukuhambisa urhudo kunye nokuGabha, kunye nendlela yokuNyanga

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Izinto ezibangela ukugabha kunye norhudo ngaxeshanye
• Intsholongwane yentsholongwane
• Ityhefu yokutya
• Urhudo lomhambi
• Uxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo
• Ukukhulelwa
• Ukutya kakhulu okanye ukusela kakhulu
• Amayeza
• Ukuphalaza urhudo ngaphandle komkhuhlane
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nezinye iingozi
• Ukuphalaza nokunyanga isifo sorhudo
• Unyango lwasekhaya lokugabha kunye norhudo
• Ukuhlanza kunye namayeza orhudo kunye nonyango
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Abantwana
• Abantu abadala
• Ukuthatha

Ushwankathelo

Urhudo kunye nokugabha ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, ukusuka kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci ukuya kubantu abadala. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi mpawu zimbini zibangelwa sisisu segciwane okanye ityhefu yokutya kunye nokusombulula kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa. Ukufumana ukuphumla nokusela ulwelo oluninzi ukunqanda ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni lolona nyango lufunekayo.

Nangona intsholongwane ihlala ingoyena nobangela, zikho ezinye izinto ezinokubangela urhudo kunye nokugabha ngaxeshanye, njengemeko ezithile zonyango kunye namayeza.

Izinto ezibangela ukugabha kunye norhudo ngaxeshanye

Ukugabha kunye norhudo kunokwenzeka ngaxeshanye ngezizathu ezininzi. Intsholongwane yesisu okanye usulelo lwegciwane lwesisu (GI) sesona sizathu sinokubangela abantwana. Iphecana lesisu liyinxalenye yenkqubo yokwetyisa.

Ezi zifo zingachaphazela nabantu abadala, kodwa kukho ezinye izizathu zokuba kutheni umntu omdala enokufumana ezi mpawu ngaxeshanye, njengokuselwa kotywala kakhulu okanye ukukhulelwa.

Intsholongwane yentsholongwane

Intsholongwane yentsholongwane yintsholongwane yintsholongwane emathunjini akho ebangelwa yintsholongwane. I-viral gastroenteritis ihlala ibizwa ngokuba ngumkhuhlane wesisu, kodwa intsholongwane yomkhuhlane ayizibangeli ezi zifo. Iintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo ezibangela i-gastroenteritis zibandakanya:

• I-norovirus
• ukujikeleza
• yenyani
• adenovirus

Ngelixa zonke ezi ntsholongwane zinokuchaphazela abantu nabuphi na ubudala, ezi zintathu zokugqibela zihlala zichaphazela iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci ngokweZiko leSizwe leSwekile kunye neDigestive kunye neZintso Izifo (i-NIDDK).

Ezi ntsholongwane zigqithiselwa emntwini ziye emntwini ngokudibana nesitulo esosulelekileyo kunye nokugabha. Oku kunokwenzeka xa umntu osulelekileyo engazihlambi izandla zakhe kakuhle emva kokusebenzisa igumbi lokuhlambela, emva koko achukumise imiphezulu esetyenziswa ngabanye abantu okanye alungiselele abanye ukutya.

Iimpawu zentsholongwane ye-gastroenteritis zibandakanya:

• Urhudo olunamanzi
• iintlungu esiswini kunye necramping
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• umkhuhlane (ngamanye amaxesha)

Ityhefu yokutya

Ityhefu yokutya sisifo esiswini sakho esibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Ufumana ukutya okunetyhefu ngokutya ukutya okungcolileyo. Oku kunokwenzeka ekhaya okanye kwiindawo zokutyela xa ukutya kusingathwa ngokungachanekanga okanye kungaphekwanga ngokufanelekileyo.

Iibacteria ezininzi zinokubangela ityhefu ekutyeni, kubandakanya:

• E. coli
• Ubunjani benkampu
• Salmonella
• Istaphylococcus
• Shigella
• IListeria

Iimpawu zetyhefu yokutya zingaqala ngaphakathi kweeyure zokutya ukutya okungcolileyo kwaye zihlala zisombulula kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Oku kuhlala kwenzeka ngaphandle konyango. Urhudo lwamanzi kunye nokugabha zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zetyhefu yokutya.

Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• isicaphucaphu
• isisu esibuhlungu kunye neentlungu
• Urhudo olunegazi
• ifiva

Urhudo lomhambi

Urhudo lomhambi sisiphazamiso sokugaya esisoloko sibangelwa ziintsholongwane, iiparasites, okanye ibhaktiriya edliwe emanzini okanye ekutyeni. Inokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke xa undwendwela indawo enemozulu eyahlukileyo okanye iinkqubo zogutyulo kunoko ukuqhele ekhaya.

Jonga amaziko oLawulo lweZifo kunye noThintelo lweZifo (CDC) ukuze ubone ukuba ngaba sikhona na isaziso sezempilo kwimimandla osandula ukuya kuyo.

Esi sifo ngokubanzi siyacoca ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Urhudo lwamanzi kunye neekram ziimpawu ezixhaphakileyo, kodwa urhudo lomhambi lunokubangela:

• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• ingqumbo (irhasi)
• ukudumba
• ifiva
• Imfuno engxamisekileyo yokuhamba kwamathumbu

Uxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo

Uphando lubonisa ukuba umsebenzi wesisu uphenjelelwa luxinzelelo kwaye uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo zihlala zibangela uninzi lweempawu ezinxulumene nesisu, kubandakanya:

• urhudo
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• ukuqhina
• ukuqunjelwa
• isilungulela

Iihormones zoxinzelelo ezikhutshwe ngumzimba wakho ocothayo esiswini kunye namathumbu amancinci, kwaye zibangela ukonyuka kokuhamba emathunjini akho amakhulu.

Uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo kuye kwabakho kuphuhliso kunye nokwanda kwesifo samathumbu (IBS), kunye nesifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD). Oko kubandakanya isifo sikaCrohn kunye necolitis.

Ukukhulelwa

Umzimba wakho uhamba ngeenguqu ezininzi ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ukugula kwasekuseni sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokugabha xa ukhulelwe. Ngaphandle kwegama, ukugula kwasekuseni kunokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha losuku. Ichaphazela abafazi aba-7 kwabali-10 abakhulelweyo, ngesiqhelo kwiiveki ezili-14 zokuqala zokukhulelwa.

Abanye abantu basetyhini bakhulisa i-hyperemesis gravidarum, imeko leyo ebangela isicaphucaphu esiqatha nokugabha.

Urhudo kunye nokugabha ekukhulelweni kunokubangelwa kukutshintsha kokutya, utshintsho kwihomoni, kunye nokutya okutsha. Iivithamini zokubeleka nazo zibangela urhudo kwabanye abantu.

Ezi mpawu zisenokubangelwa sisifo esiswini (gastroenteritis), esiqhelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ukutya kakhulu okanye ukusela kakhulu

Ukuzixakekisa ngokutya okanye ukusela kunokubangela urhudo kunye nokugabha, kunye:

• imvakalelo yokugcwala okungonwabisiyo
• ukuqunjelwa
• ukubhinqa
• isilungulela

Uhlobo lokutya okutyayo nalo lubalulekile. Ukutya izixa ezikhulu zokutya okunamafutha okanye okuneswekile kunokucaphukisa isisu sakho kwaye kubangele urhudo kunye nokugabha.

Ukutya kakhulu kunokubangela ezi mpawu ukuba sele unesisu esiswini, njenge-IBS, izilonda zesisu, i-acid reflux, kunye ne-GERD.

Utywala bangela urhudo ngokukhawulezisa ukwetyisa, okunqanda ikholoni yakho ekufunxeni amanzi ngokufanelekileyo. Nokuba ukusela isixa esincinci sotywala kunokuba nayo le nto.

Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala kunokubangela imeko eyaziwa ngokuba sisiselo esinxilisayo, esisicaphukiso esiswini. Isifo esibuhlungu segastritis sinokwenzeka emva kokuzinkcinkca ngotywala okanye sibe sesingapheliyo kubantu abasela utywala rhoqo.

Iimpawu ze-Gastritis zibandakanya:

• intlungu ephezulu esiswini okanye ukutshisa
• ukugabha kunye isicaphucaphu
• ukudumba
• ukuphinda kwenziwe kwakhona
• Iimpawu eziphucula okanye eziba nzima emva kokutya, kuxhomekeke kukutya

Amayeza

Urhudo nokugabha ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza amaninzi. Abanye banokubangela ezi mpawu kunabanye. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yendlela amayeza asebenza ngayo okanye ngenxa yokuba zinezongezelelo ezicaphukisa isisu.

Ubudala bakho, impilo iyonke, kunye namanye amayeza onokuthi uwathathe nawo angonyusa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Amayeza ahlala ebangela urhudo kunye nokugabha kubandakanya:

• amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
• iziyobisi ezichasayo (i-NSAIDS), ezinje nge-ibuprofen (Advil) kunye ne-aspirin (iBufferin)
• iziyobisi chemotherapy
• i-metformin (iGlucophage, iFortamet)

Enye indlela yokubulala iintsholongwane enokubangela ukugabha kunye norhudo kukubulala iintsholongwane "ezilungileyo" eziqhelekileyo zihlala kwitrektara yakho ye-GI. Oku kuvumela ibhaktheriya ebizwa IClostridium difficile ukuba ikhule kakhulu, nto leyo enokubangela iimpawu ezifana nokutya okunetyhefu eqatha.

Ukuthatha amayeza ngokutya ngamanye amaxesha kunokukhulula iimpawu. Thetha nogqirha malunga nendlela efanelekileyo yokuthatha amayeza akho.

Ukuphalaza urhudo ngaphandle komkhuhlane

Ukuphalaza urhudo olwenzeka ngaphandle komkhuhlane kunokubangelwa:

• uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo
• amayeza
• kukutya kakhulu okanye utywala
• ukukhulelwa

Amatyala amancinci egastroenteritis yentsholongwane nako kunokubangela ukuhambisa kunye nokugabha ngaphandle komkhuhlane.

Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nezinye iingozi

Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni yingxaki yohudo nokugabha kwaye kwenzeka xa umzimba uphulukana nolwelo oluninzi. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunokuthintela iiseli zakho, izicubu kunye namalungu ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo, okukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu, kubandakanya ukothuka kunye nokufa.

Ukuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni kunokunyangwa ekhaya, kodwa ukoma kakhulu kufuna ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo esibhedlele.

Iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kwiintsana, iintsana, kunye nabantwana kubandakanya:

• unxano
• Ukuchama ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo, okanye iiyure ezintathu okanye nangaphezulu ngaphandle kwe-diaper emanzi
• umlomo owomileyo
• akukho nyembezi xa ulila
• ukunqongophala kwamandla
• izidlele okanye amehlo atshonileyo
• umlomo owomileyo
• ukunciphisa isikhumba sesikhumba (ukuqina)

Iimpawu kubantu abadala zibandakanya:

• unxano olugqithisileyo
• umlomo owomileyo
• uchama ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo
• umchamo omnyama-mnyama
• intloko elula
• ukudinwa
• kunciphise isikhumba setyhuku
• Amehlo atshonileyo okanye izidlele

Ukuphalaza nokunyanga isifo sorhudo

Uninzi lwexesha, ukugabha kunye norhudo kuya kusombulula kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle konyango. Unyango lwasekhaya kunye namayeza anokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu zakho kwaye uphephe ukomisa.

Unyango lwasekhaya lokugabha kunye norhudo

Nazi ezinye zeendlela onokunyanga ngazo ukugabha kunye norhudo ekhaya ukuthintela ukomisa:

• Phumla ngokwaneleyo.
• Thintela uxinzelelo.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi acacileyo njengamanzi, umhluzi, iisoda ezicacileyo, kunye neziselo zezemidlalo.
• Yitya ityiwa ngabaqhekezi.
• Landela ukutya kwe-BRAT, okubandakanya ukutya okungafunekiyo.
• Kuphephe ukutya okunamafutha, okuneziqholo, okanye okunamafutha neswekile eninzi.
• Gwema ubisi.
• Gwema i-caffeine.
• Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha namanzi rhoqo.

Landela ezi ngcebiso kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci:

• Nika umntwana wakho ukutya okuncinci rhoqo xa kufuneka njalo.
• Nika iisiphu zamanzi phakathi kobisi olungumgubo okanye lokutya okuqinileyo.
• Banike isisombululo somlomo somlomo njengePedialyte.

Ukuhlanza kunye namayeza orhudo kunye nonyango

Kukho amayeza e-over-the-counter (OTC) kunye nonyango olufumanekayo kurhudo kunye nokugabha. Nangona ngokubanzi kukhuselekile kubantu abadala, amayeza e-OTC akufuneki athathwe ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha kuqala.

Amayeza e-OTC aquka:

• I-bismuthsubsalicylate (iPepto-Bismol, iKaopectate)
• I-loperamide (i-Imodium)
• iziyobisi ezichasayo, ezinje ngeDramamine kunye neGravol

Ugqirha unokucebisa amayeza okunyanga ukugabha kunye norhudo olubangelwa zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane (ukutya ityhefu).

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ngamanye amaxesha unyango lunokufuneka kurhudo kunye nokugabha.

Abantwana

Thatha umntwana wakho uye naye kugqirha ukuba:

• baphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 kwaye babonisa iimpawu zokoma
• unesifo sorhudo ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezisixhenxe okanye ukugabha ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezimbini
• abakwazi ukugcina ulwelo phantsi
• bangaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu benobushushu obungu-100.4 ° F (38 ° C)
• ziinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ezinobushushu obungu-102.2 ° F (39 ° C)

Thatha umntwana wakho uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuba:

• baneempawu zokuphela emzimbeni emva kokusebenzisa isisombululo somlomo
• banegazi kumchamo wabo okanye esitulweni
• ndigabha eliluhlaza okanye elimthubi
• zibuthathaka kakhulu ukuba zingama

Abantu abadala

Jonga ugqirha ukuba:

• uyaqhubeka ugabha kwaye awukwazi ukugcina ulwelo lusezantsi
• zisafile emzimbeni emva kokuba ziphinde zavuselelwa ngamanzi kunye nesisombululo somlomo
• ukuba nesifo sohudo esinegazi okanye ukuphuma kwegazi
• umgabho wakho utyheli okanye uluhlaza
• unesifo sohudo esihlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezisixhenxe okanye ugabha ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezimbini

Ukuthatha

Uninzi lwexesha, urhudo kunye nokugabha kungenxa yesisu esiswini kwaye kucace ngokwakho kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Ukufumana amanzi amaninzi kunye nokutya ukutya okungahambi kakuhle kunokunceda.

Gcina iliso ngaphandle kwimiqondiso yokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ngakumbi kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci abangakwaziyo ukunxibelelana nendlela abavakalelwa ngayo. Thetha nogqirha ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uneempawu ezinzima okanye iimpawu ezihlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezimbalwa.