Ngubani onokunikela ngomongo wethambo?

Umxholo

• Ungaba kanjani ngumnikeli
• Xa ndingakwazi ukunikela ngomongo wethambo
• Wenziwa njani umnikelo womongo
• Ngaba umnikelo womongo wethambo unobungozi?
• Injani imeko emva komnikelo

Umnikelo womnkantsha wethambo unokwenziwa nawuphina umntu osempilweni ophakathi kweminyaka eli-18 nengama-65 ubudala, ukuba nje anobunzima obungaphezu kwama-50 kg. Ukongeza, umnikeli akufuneki abe nezifo ezihanjiswa ligazi njenge-AIDS, i-hepatitis, isifo seengcongconi okanye i-zika umzekelo, okanye ezinye ezinje nge-rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis B okanye C, izintso okanye isifo sentliziyo, uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile okanye imbali yomhlaza njenge i-leukemia, umzekelo.

Umnikelo womongo wethambo uquka ukususa isampulu encinci yeeseli kwithambo lesinqe okanye ithambo eliphakathi esifubeni, isternum, esiya kuthi emva koko sisetyenziselwe ukufakelwa komongo wethambo ukunyanga izifo ezinzulu ezifana neleukemia, i-lymphoma okanye i-myeloma. Qonda xa kuboniswa ukufakelwa komongo wethambo.

Ungaba kanjani ngumnikeli

Ukuze ube ngumnikeli womongo wethambo, kufuneka ubhalise kwiziko legazi kwimeko yokuhlala kwaye ucwangcise ukuqokelelwa kwegazi kwiziko ukuze kuqokelelwe isampulu encinci ye-5 ukuya kwi-10 ml yegazi, ekufuneka ihlolwe kwaye iziphumo zibekwe kwindawo yogcino lwedatha ethile.

Emva koko, umnikeli angabizwa nangaliphi na ixesha, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuba amathuba okuba isigulana siyakufumana umnikeli womongo wethambo ngaphandle kosapho aphantsi kakhulu, ke kubalulekile ukuba ugcino lwedatha lomongo luphelele ngokusemandleni. kunokwenzeka.

Nanini na xa isigulana sifuna ukufakelwa umongo wethambo, siqala sijongwe kusapho ukuba kukho umntu ohambelana nokwenza umnikelo, kwaye kuphela kwimeko apho kungekho malungu osapho ahambelanayo apho kuya kufunwa olunye ugcino lwedatha kule database.

Xa ndingakwazi ukunikela ngomongo wethambo

Ezinye zeemeko ezinokuthintela umnikelo womongo wethambo, amaxesha ahluka phakathi kweeyure ezili-12 ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-12, ezinje:

• Ingqele eqhelekileyo, umkhuhlane, urhudo, umkhuhlane, ukugabha, ukukhupha izinyo okanye usulelo: kuthintela umnikelo kwiintsuku ezisi-7 ezizayo;
• Ukukhulelwa, ukuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo, ngecandelo loqhaqho okanye ukukhupha isisu: kuthintela umnikelo phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12;
• Iimviwo ze-Endoscopy, colonoscopy okanye i-rhinoscopy: ukuthintela umnikelo phakathi kweenyanga ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6;
• Iimeko zobungozi kwizifo ezidluliselwa ngeentlobano zesini ezinjengamaqabane amaninzi ezesondo okanye ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi umzekelo: thintela umnikelo kwiinyanga ezili-12;
• Ukuzoba, ukugqobhoza okanye ukwenza i-acupuncture okanye unyango lwe-mesotherapy: kuthintela umnikelo kwiinyanga ezi-4.

Ezi ziimeko nje ezimbalwa ezinokuthintela umnikelo womongo wethambo, kwaye izithintelo ziyafana ekunikezelweni kwegazi. Jonga ukuba awungekhe unikezele ngegazi kuBani onokunikela ngegazi.

Wenziwa njani umnikelo womongo

Umnikelo womongo wethambo uhlala usenziwa ngenkqubo encinci yotyando engonzakalisiyo, njengoko kusetyenziswa i-anesthesia ngokubanzi okanye ye-epidural, apho inaliti ezininzi zinikezelwa kwithambo le-hip ukususa iiseli ezivelisa igazi. Le nkqubo ithatha malunga nemizuzu engama-90, kwaye kwiintsuku ezintathu emva kongenelelo, kunokubakho iintlungu okanye ukungaphatheki kakuhle kwindawo enokupheliswa kukusetyenziswa kwamachiza iintlungu.

Ukongeza, kukho enye indlela engaqhelekanga yokunikela ngomongo wethambo, owenziwa ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiapheresis, apho kusetyenziswa umatshini owahlula iiseli zomongo ezifunekayo ukufakelwa kwigazi. Le nkqubo ihlala malunga neyure enye kunye nemizuzu engama-30, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kubandakanya ukuthatha amayeza akhuthaza ukuveliswa kweeseli kumongo wethambo.

Ngaba umnikelo womongo wethambo unobungozi?

Umnikelo womongo wethambo unobungozi, kuba kuhlala kukho ithuba lokwenza impendulo kwi-anesthesia okanye impendulo ethile ngenxa yevolumu yegazi esusiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko mncinci kwaye iingxaki ezinokuvela zinokulawulwa ngokulula ngoogqirha abenza le nkqubo.

Injani imeko emva komnikelo

Ngexesha lokuchacha emva kotyando lomrhumo womongo wethambo, ezinye iimpawu ezingathandekiyo zinokuvela, ezinje ngomqolo okanye inyonga okanye ukungonwabi, ukudinwa okugqithisileyo, umqala obuhlungu, iintlungu zemisipha, ukuqaqanjelwa sisifo, intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi okanye ukungabinamdla wokutya, nangona okuqhelekileyo kunokubangela ukungonwabi.

Nangona kunjalo, ezi zimpawu zingathandekiyo zinokuncitshiswa ngokulula ngononophelo olulula, ezinje:

1. Kulumkele ukwenza iinzame kwaye uzame ukufumana ukuphumla okuninzi, ngakumbi ngeentsuku ezintathu zokuqala emva komnikelo;
2. Gcina ukutya okunezondlo kwaye utye zonke iiyure ezi-3 ukuba kunokwenzeka;
3. Yandisa ukusetyenziswa kokutya okuneempawu zokuphilisa ezinje ngobisi, iyogathi, iorenji kunye nenanin kwaye usele ubuncinci i-1.5 yeelitha zamanzi ngosuku. Bona okunye ukutya okunesibonelelo sasemva kokusebenza ekunyangeni ukutya.

Ukongeza, emva kokwenza umnikelo womongo wethambo, akuyomfuneko ukuba utshintshe imikhwa yakho yemihla ngemihla, kuya kufuneka uphephe iinzame zomzimba kunye nokwenza umthambo kwiintsuku zokuqala emva komnikelo. Ngokubanzi, ukuphela kweveki, akukho zimpawu, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuphela kwelo xesha ukubuyela kuyo yonke imisebenzi yesiqhelo yemihla ngemihla.