Ngaba iiSteroids azilunganga kuwe? Ukusetyenziswa, Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kunye neengozi

Umxholo

• Yintoni ii-steroids?
• Ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kunye nezibonelelo ezinokubakho
• Iimbaleki ezijonge ukuphucula isantya kunye nokuphuma kwamandla
• Amandla eimbaleki ajonge ukwandisa ubunzima bemisipha kunye namandla
• Abo banezifo ezichitha izihlunu
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwabasetyhini
• Ngaba kunokuba yingozi
• Umsebenzi wegazi rhoqo ubalulekile
• Umngcipheko wosulelo
• Akukho mthethweni kwiindawo ezininzi
• Unokuba ngumlutha wengqondo
• Ngaba ikhona idosi ekhuselekileyo?
• Ezinye iintlobo ze-steroids
• Umgca wezantsi

Ukonyusa amandla emisipha kunye namandla angaphezu komda wendalo, abanye abantu bajikela kwizinto ezifana ne-anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS).

I-Anabolic ibhekisa ekukhuthazeni ukukhula, ngelixa i-androgenic ibhekisa kuphuhliso lweempawu zesini sendoda.

Ngelixa izixhobo zokwakha izihlunu ze-steroids zibhalwe kakuhle, ziza neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi ezinokubakho.

Eli nqaku liphonononga i-anabolic-androgenic steroids, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwazo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, iingozi kunye nenqanaba lezomthetho.

Yintoni ii-steroids?

I-Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) yindlela yokwenziwa kwe testosterone, eyiyeyona hormone yamadoda iphambili ngokwesini ().

Zichaphazela amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba wakho, njengemisipha yakho, iifollic hair, amathambo, isibindi, izintso, kunye nokuzala kunye neenkqubo zovalo.

Abantu ngokwendalo bavelisa le hormone.

Emadodeni, amanqanaba ayo ayanda ngexesha lokufikisa ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweempawu zesini samadoda, njengokukhula kweenwele zomzimba, ilizwi elinzulu, ukuqhuba ngesondo, kunye nokonyuka kokuphakama kunye nobunzima bemisipha.

Nangona ngokwesiko kucingwa njengehomoni eyindoda, abasetyhini bavelisa i-testosterone kodwa ngexabiso elincinci kakhulu. Isebenza ngemisebenzi eliqela yabasetyhini, iphakamisa ubukhulu beethambo kunye ne-libido esempilweni ().

Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-testosterone avela kwi-300-1,000 ng / dL yamadoda kunye ne-15-70 ng / dL yabasetyhini. Ukuthatha i-steroids kuphakamisa amanqanaba ale hormone, ebangela iziphumo ezinje ngokunyuka kobunzima bemisipha kunye namandla (, 4).

I-Steroids yindlela yokwenziwa kwe testosterone, ihomoni yesini eveliswa ngokwendalo ngamadoda nabafazi ngokufanayo. Ukuthatha ii-steroids kunyusa amanqanaba e testosterone, kubangele iziphumo ezinje ngokunyuka kobunzima bemisipha kunye namandla.

Ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kunye nezibonelelo ezinokubakho

Xa ucinga nge-steroids, into yokuqala enokuza engqondweni kukusetyenziswa kwabo ekwakheni umzimba ukukhuthaza ukuzuza kwemisipha. Ngelixa esi sisicelo esiqhelekileyo, ii-AAS zisetyenziselwa ezinye iinjongo.

Izibonelelo eziphambili ezinokubakho ezinxulunyaniswa ne-anabolic steroids zezi zilandelayo ():

• ukwanda kwezihlunu zemisipha ngenxa yokuphuculwa kweprotein synthesis
• yehlile ipesenti yamafutha omzimba
• ukwanda kwamandla omzimba kunye namandla
• ukuphucula ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokulimala
• ukuphucula ukuxinana kwamaminerali amathambo
• ukunyamezela okungcono kwemisipha
• ukwanda kwemveliso yeseli ebomvu

Ezi ziphumo zinokubanceda amaqela ahlukeneyo abantu.

Iimbaleki ezijonge ukuphucula isantya kunye nokuphuma kwamandla

Kwihlabathi lezemidlalo, iimbaleki zihlala zikhangela iindlela zokufumana ukhuphiswano.

Ngelixa amandla omzimba aqhubele phambili kunye nokuzilolonga imeko, kunye nesondlo, zihamba indlela ende malunga noku, ezinye iimbaleki zithatha inyathelo eliya phambili ngokuthatha iziyobisi ezomeleza ukusebenza (PEDs).

I-AAS yenye yee-PED eziphambili ezisetyenziswa ziimbaleki. Ziye zaboniswa zandisa ubunzima bemisipha, ekhokelela kwisantya esandayo kunye nakwimveliso yamandla ().

Iimbaleki ezisebenzisa i-AAS zinokufumana amandla okufumana i-5-20% kunye nokuzuza ubunzima be-4.5-111 yeepawundi (i-2-5 kg), enokuthi ibangelwe kukunyuka kobunzima bomzimba ().

Kwimidlalo yokhuphiswano, i-steroid dosing ithambekele ekubeni ibe ngononophelo ngokufanelekileyo ukunqanda ukubonwa. Ubunzima bemisipha ayisiyiyo eyona nkxalabo iphambili apha, njengoko zisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye nokunyuka kwamandla (,).

Nangona uninzi lwemanyano yezemidlalo iyayithintela i-AAS, ezinye iimbaleki zivakalelwa kukuba umngcipheko wokubanjwa uzifanele izibonelelo.

Amandla eimbaleki ajonge ukwandisa ubunzima bemisipha kunye namandla

Xa kuziwa kwimidlalo yamandla, kubandakanya ukwakha umzimba, ukuphakamisa amandla, kunye ne-Olimpiki yokuphakamisa iintsimbi, ii-anabolic steroids zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukwandisa ubunzima bemisipha, amandla, kunye nokuphuma kwamandla ().

Kule midlalo, amandla emisipha, ubungakanani, kunye namandla ngokuthe ngqo kwintsebenzo iyonke.

Ngelixa injongo yokwakha umzimba ubuninzi bemisipha kudidi olunikiweyo, amandla kunye nobukhulu bemisipha bunxulumene ngokusondeleyo, nangona ezinye izinto zidlala ngokunjalo ().

Umthamo we-AAS kwimidlalo yamandla ithambekele ekubeni nenkululeko ngakumbi, njengoko imibutho emininzi ingazivavanyi ezi kunye nezinye izinto. Ngelixa iziphumo ezinamandla zinokubonakala kwiidosi eziphezulu, umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyanda ngokunjalo.

Abasebenzisi abaninzi kolu luhlu bakwasebenzisa isicwangciso esibizwa ngokuba yi "stacking," eligama lesilayidi lokuxuba iintlobo ezininzi ze-AAS. Ezinye iimbaleki zikwabandakanya ezinye iihomoni zokwenziwa, ezinje ngehomoni yokukhula kunye ne-insulin.

Abo banezifo ezichitha izihlunu

Iimeko ezininzi zinokukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nemisipha, kubandakanya uGawulayo, isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD), umhlaza, kunye nesifo sezintso nesibindi. Ngelixa ingaqhelekanga, i-AAS inokusetyenziswa kwaba bantu ukunceda ukugcina ubunzima bemisipha (,).

Ukuphulukana nobunzima bemisipha kunxulunyaniswe ngokusondeleyo nokufa kwezi zifo kwaye ukuthintela ukuba kungaphucula iziphumo zonyango kwaye kwandise ixesha lokuphila (,,,).

Ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwe-AAS ayisiyiyo kuphela kwendlela yokugcina ubunzima bemisipha, kunokuba luncedo kwaba bantu. Okwangoku, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo.

Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwe-steroids kubandakanya ukuphucula ukusebenza kwiimbaleki, ukwandisa ubunzima bemisipha kwiimbaleki zamandla, kunye nokugcina ubunzima bemisipha kwabo banezifo ezichitha izihlunu.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Ngaphandle kwezibonelelo ezinokubakho, i-AAS ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi ezinokubakho, ezibukhali ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bokusebenzisa ezi zinto.

Imfuza nganye ichaphazela nendlela ophendula ngayo kwi-AAS ().

Umlinganiselo we-anabolic-to-androgenic uhluka phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-AAS, ezinokuthi zichaphazele iimpendulo ezimbi. I-Anabolic ibhekisa kwiipropathi zokukhula kwemisipha, ngelixa i-androgenic ibhekisa ekukhuthazeni iimpawu zesini samadoda ().

Iziphumo eziphambili ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwe-AAS zezi zilandelayo:

• Umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. I-AAS esetyenzisiweyo ngokudibanisa nokuzilolonga ingonyusa ubungakanani be-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo yakho, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa okunxulumene noko ().
• Ngaba unokwandisa isimilo esiqatha. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Steroid kunxulunyaniswa nokunyuka kobundlongondlongo kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwabantwana abakwishumi elivisayo nakubantu abadala ().
• Unokuchaphazela umfanekiso womzimba. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-AAS kunye nokuxhomekeka kudweliswe njengengxaki yomfanekiso womzimba kwincwadana yokuqonda isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ().
• Ingabangela ukonakala kwesibindi. I-AAS, ngakumbi ezo zithathwe ngomlomo, ziye zaboniswa zonyusa umngcipheko wokungasebenzi kwesibindi (20).
• Isenokubangela i-gynecomastia. Ichazwe njengezihlunu zamabele ezidumbileyo ezibangelwa kukungalingani kwehomoni, i-gynecomastia inokwenzeka xa uyeka ukuthatha i-AAS ().
• Ukuncipha kwemveliso ye testosterone. Ukusetyenziswa kweSteroid kunxulunyaniswa ne-hypogonadism, ebonakaliswa kukuncipha kunye nokuncipha komsebenzi wovavanyo ().
• Ingabangela ukungachumi. Ngenxa yokubanakho ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwesidoda, ukusetyenziswa kwe-steroid kunokubangela ukungachumi ().
• Ingabangela impandla yindoda. Iziphumo ze-androgenic ze-AAS zinokubangela okanye zenze mandundu impandla yomntu. Esi siphumo sinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeka kwichiza elithile elisetyenzisiweyo ().

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwabasetyhini

Ngelixa iziphumo ebezingalapha ngasentla zinokwenzeka emadodeni nakwabasetyhini ngokufanayo, abasetyhini kufuneka bazi ezinye ezongezelelweyo, kubandakanya (,):

• ukujula kwelizwi
• utshintsho lobuso kunye nokukhula kweenwele
• iklitorisi eyandisiweyo
• imijikelo yokuya exesheni ngokungaqhelekanga
• ukunciphisa ubungakanani besifuba
• ukungachumi

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Steroid kunxulunyaniswa neziphumo ezibi ezininzi, ezinjengokwanda komngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nobutyhefu besibindi. Iziphumo ezongezelelekileyo zibonwa kwabasetyhini abasebenzisa i-AAS.

Ngaba kunokuba yingozi

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-AAS kuza neengozi ezininzi, ezenza ukuba zibe yingozi kubantu abaninzi. Ngelixa iindlela ezithile zinokunciphisa ezinye zeengozi, azinakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo.

Umsebenzi wegazi rhoqo ubalulekile

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-AAS kunokuchaphazela amaxabiso aliqela eelebhu, ukwenza ukuba umsebenzi wegazi rhoqo ubaluleke ukuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu. Ukusetyenziswa kweSteroid kunokuchaphazela amaxabiso alabhoratri alandelayo (,):

• Unako ukwandisa i-hemoglobin kunye ne-hematocrit. La manqaku egazi adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhanjisweni kweoksijini kuwo wonke umzimba wakho. Ukunyuka kwamanqanaba kunokulenza igazi lakho linyuse umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa icala.
• Unokunciphisa i-cholesterol ye-HDL (elungileyo) kwaye uphakamise i-cholesterol ye-LDL (embi). I-HDL kunye ne-LDL cholesterol kufuneka ibe phakathi kwamanqanaba asempilweni. I-HDL esezantsi kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-LDL anokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.
• Unako ukwandisa iimpawu zesibindi. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-AAS kunxulunyaniswe nokwanda kwe-aspartate transaminase (AST) kunye ne-alanine transaminase (ALT), amanqaku amabini okusebenza kwesibindi. Amanqanaba aphakamileyo angabonisa ukungasebenzi kwesibindi.

Kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nomboneleli wakho wezonyango ngaphambi kokuqala irejimeni eguqula amanqanaba ehomoni yendalo yomzimba wakho.

Umngcipheko wosulelo

Xa uthatha i-AAS, umngcipheko wosulelo unokuphakama ngokufanelekileyo. Kungenxa yokuba ii-steroids ezininzi ziveliswa kwiilebhu ezingekho mthethweni ezingalandeli iinkqubo ezifanayo neelebhu zorhwebo.

Kwi-steroids ekufuneka itofwe, kukho umngcipheko okhulayo wongcoliseko nosulelo.

Xa kuthengwa i-AAS kwintengiso emnyama, kukho ithuba lokushicilelwa kakubi okanye izinto ezingezizo, ukonyusa umngcipheko wosulelo.

Akukho mthethweni kwiindawo ezininzi

Imeko esemthethweni ye-AAS iyahluka ngokwamazwe nangommandla, nangona zihlelwa njengezingekho mthethweni kwiindawo ezininzi ukuba zisetyenziselwa iinjongo ezingezizo ezonyango.

Ii-Anabolic steroids zihlelwa njengesihlomelo sesithathu seziyobisi eMelika. Ukuba nelifa ngokungekho mthethweni kunokuthwala isohlwayo seminyaka e-1 entolongweni kunye nesohlwayo esincinci se- $ 1,000 kwityala lokuqala (29).

Olona hlobo kuphela lokufumana kunye nokusebenzisa i-AAS ngokusemthethweni iya kuba kukumiselwa yingcali yezonyango kwimeko ethile, enje nge testosterone esezantsi okanye isifo esonakalisa imisipha.

Abantu abakhetha ukuzisebenzisa ngokungekho mthethweni bazibeka emngciphekweni weziphumo zomthetho.

Unokuba ngumlutha wengqondo

Nangona i-AAS ingachazwanga njengekhoboka lomzimba, ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekekayo kunokunxulunyaniswa neziyobisi ezinokubangela ukuxhomekeka ().

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zengqondo yokusetyenziswa kwe-AAS yimisipha yedysmorphia, apho abasebenzisi bexakeke ngokuba nomzimba womzimba ().

Ukusetyenziswa kweSteroid kuyingozi ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, kubandakanya umngcipheko omkhulu wosulelo, imeko yabo engekho mthethweni kwiindawo ezininzi, kunye nokubanakho ukuba likhoboka lengqondo. Ukusebenza kwegazi rhoqo kubalulekile ukuba kubekwe iliso kwimpembelelo enokubakho yezempilo.

Ngaba ikhona idosi ekhuselekileyo?

Ngelixa iidosi ezisezantsi, ezibalwe kakuhle ze-AAS zinokukhuseleka kakhulu kunedosi ezingalawulwayo ezinxulunyaniswa nokuphathwa gadalala, akukho zifundo zithelekise ukhuseleko lweedosi ezahlukeneyo ze-steroid.

I-testosterone eyenziweyo ikwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga abantu abane-testosterone esezantsi, ebizwa ngokuba yinyani ye-testosterone yonyango (TRT).

I-TRT ikhuselekile ngokubanzi kumadoda anamanqanaba asezantsi e-testosterone xa elawulwa yingcali yezonyango. Idatha yokuchonga ukhuseleko lwe-TRT kwabasetyhini ayonelanga ().

Iidosi eziphezulu ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimbaleki zokhuphiswano kunye nemidlalo yamandla zinxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye akunakuthathwa njengokukhuselekileyo ().

Nokuba uthini, ukuthatha i-AAS kuhlala kunenqanaba lomngcipheko onxulumene noko.

Abantu baphendula ngokwahlukileyo kwi-AAS ngenxa yomahluko kwimfuzo. Ke ngoko, kunzima ukwazi ngqo ukuba umzimba wakho uza kusabela njani.

Ngelixa iidosi ezisezantsi, ezilawulwayo ezinxulunyaniswa notshintsho lwe testosterone ngokwamkelwa ngokubanzi njengekhuselekileyo kumadoda ane testosterone esezantsi, ukuthatha ii-steroids nakweliphi na inani kunokubangela umngcipheko empilweni. Iziphumo ezibi kakhulu zibonwa ngeedosi eziphezulu.

Ezinye iintlobo ze-steroids

Ngelixa i-AAS lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo ekuthethwa ngalo malunga ne-steroid, kukho olunye uhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi-glucocorticoids okanye i-corticosteroids. Ezi zihormone ezenzeka ngokwendalo eziveliswa kwiincindi zamadlala ezibekwe phezu kwezintso zakho ().

Zisebenza njengempendulo kwindlela yokusebenza kwamajoni akho omzimba, alawula ukudumba. Iinguqulelo zokwenziwa zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko ezithile ezibangelwa kukungasebenzi komzimba, kubandakanya:

• Ukungabikho komzimba
• umbefu
• izifo ezizimeleyo
• ispsis

Ngelixa besebenza kakuhle ekulawuleni izifo ezithile, banokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi, ezinje ngamanqanaba eswekile egazi kunye nokuzuza ubunzima. Ngesi sizathu, zigcinelwe kuphela iimeko ezinobushushu ().

ICorticosteroids lolunye uhlobo lwe-steroid eveliswa ngokwendalo emzimbeni wakho ukunceda ukulawula iinkqubo zomzimba zokukhusela. Iifom zokwenziwa zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukudumba kwizifo ezininzi ezizimele.

Umgca wezantsi

I-Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) yindlela yokwenziwa kwe testosterone esetyenziselwa ukwandisa ubunzima bemisipha kunye namandla.

Ngelixa ubungozi bempilo yabo buhluka ngohlobo kunye nemali ethathiweyo, zinokuba yingozi kwaye zibangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kuwo nawuphi na umthamo. Kwaye akukho mthethweni kwiindawo ezininzi.

Sebenzisa i-AAS sisigqibo esinzulu kakhulu, kwaye umngcipheko ngokubanzi ukodlula naziphi na izibonelelo.