Yintoni isifo seengubo kunye nendlela yokunyanga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Ngubani osengozini yokufumana esi sifo
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Athini amanqanaba endaleko
• Izinketho zonyango
• 1. Utyando lweLaser
• 2. ICryotherapy
• 3. Inaliti yeCorticosteroid

Isifo seengubo sisifo esinqabileyo esichaphazela ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kwemithambo yegazi esweni, ngakumbi kwi-retina, indawo apho imifanekiso siyibonayo yenziwe khona.

Kubantu abanesi sifo, kuqhelekile ukuba imithambo yegazi ekwi-retina idubuleke, ke ngoko, igazi liyaqokelelana kwaye libangele ukudumba kweretina, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungabonini kakuhle, ukwehla kombono kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, nokuba yimfama.

Isifo seengubo sixhaphake kakhulu emadodeni nasemva kweminyaka esi-8 ubudala, kodwa singenzeka nakubani na, nokuba akukho mbali yosapho yesi sifo. Unyango kufuneka luqaliswe ngokukhawuleza emva kokuxilongwa ukuthintela ukungaboni.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zokuqala kunye neempawu zesifo seengubo zihlala zibonakala ebuntwaneni kwaye zibandakanya:

• IStrabismus;
• Ubukho befilimu emhlophe emva kwelensi yamehlo;
• Ukuhla kobunzulu bokuqonda;
• Ukunciphisa umbono.

Njengoko isifo siqhubeka, ezinye iimpawu zingaqala ukuvela, ezinje:

• Umbala obomvu kwi-iris;
• Ukubomvu rhoqo kwamehlo;
• Iingxangxasi;
• Iglaucoma.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi mpawu zichaphazela iliso elinye kuphela, kodwa zinokubonakala kuzo zombini. Ke, ngalo lonke ixesha utshintsho luvela kwiliso okanye kumbono, kuhlala ngaphezulu kweveki, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela wamehlo, nokuba zichaphazela kuphela iliso linye.

Ngubani osengozini yokufumana esi sifo

Isifo seengubo sinokuvela nakubani na, njengoko kungabonakali ngathi sihambelana nayo nayiphi na into enokuthi izuzwe njengelifa. Nangona kunjalo, ixhaphake kakhulu emadodeni naphakathi kweminyaka esi-8 ukuya kweli-16 ubudala, ngakumbi xa kuye kwakho iimpawu zesi sifo ukuya kwiminyaka eli-10 ubudala.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kufuneka kusoloko kusenziwa ngugqirha wamehlo ngokujonga iliso, ukuvavanya ukwakheka kwamehlo kunye nokuqwalaselwa kweempawu. Nangona kunjalo, kuba iimpawu zinokufana nezinye izifo zamehlo, kunokuba yimfuneko ukwenza uvavanyo lokuqonda isifo njenge-retinal angiography, i-ultrasound okanye i-computed tomography, umzekelo.

Athini amanqanaba endaleko

Ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo seengubo kunokwahlulwa ngokwamanqanaba aphambili ama-5:

• Inqanaba 1: kukho imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga kwi-retina, kodwa ayikaphuli kwaye ke akukho zimpawu;
• Inqanaba 2: kukho ukuqhekeka kwemithambo yegazi kwiretina, ekhokelela ekufumaneni kwegazi kunye nokuphulukana nombono ngokuthe ngcembe;
• Inqanaba 3: Ukufunyanwa kwe-retina kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kolwelo, okukhokelela kwiimpawu ezinjengokukhanya kokukhanya, amabala amnyama kumbono kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwiliso. Funda ngakumbi malunga neqela le-retina;
• Inqanaba 4: ngokunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kolwelo ngaphakathi kwamehlo, kukho ukwanda koxinzelelo olunokubangela i-glaucoma, apho kuchaphazela khona i-optic nerve, umbono ophazamisa kakhulu;
• Inqanaba 5: lelona nqanaba liphucukileyo lesi sifo xa ubumfama kunye nentlungu ebukhali esweni ivela, ngenxa yoxinzelelo olugqithisileyo.

Kwabanye abantu, esi sifo sinokungaqhubeki kuwo onke amabakala kwaye ixesha lokuvela kwezinto lahlukile. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukuhlala uqala unyango xa kuvela iimpawu zokuqala, ukunqanda ukubonakala kobumfama.

Izinketho zonyango

Unyango luhlala luqala ukuthintela ukuba isifo singabi mandundu, ke kufuneka siqaliswe ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela ukuqala kokulimala kakhulu okukhokelela kubumfama. Olunye ukhetho olunokuboniswa ngugqirha wamehlo lubandakanya:

1. Utyando lweLaser

Luhlobo lonyango olusebenzisa umqadi wokukhanya ukuncipha okanye ukutshabalalisa imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga kwi-retina, ibathintela ekuphukeni kwaye ikhokelele ekufumaneni kwegazi. Olu tyando luhlala lwenziwa kumanqanaba okuqala esi sifo kwiofisi kagqirha kunye ne-anesthesia yendawo.

2. ICryotherapy

Kolu nyango, endaweni yokusebenzisa i-laser, i-ophthalmologist yenza izicelo ezincinci zokubanda kakhulu kufutshane nemithambo yegazi yamehlo ukuze ziphilise kwaye zivale, zithintele ukuba zingaphuli.

3. Inaliti yeCorticosteroid

Iicorticosteroids zisetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo elisweni ukunciphisa ukudumba kwezona meko zihambele phambili zesifo, ukunceda ekunciphiseni ukungonwabi kwaye kungade kuphucule umbono wakho kancinci. Ezi naliti kufuneka zenziwe kwiofisi kagqirha nge-anesthesia yendawo.

Ukongeza kolu khetho, ukuba kukho i-retinal detachment okanye i-glaucoma, unyango lwazo zonke ezi ziphumo kufuneka luqaliswe, ukuthintela ukuba mandundu kwezilonda.