Yintoni ebangela iintlungu zokuqinelwa ngumlomo kunye nokuba wenzeni

Umxholo

• 1. Isifo se-reflux sesifo se-Gastroesophageal
• 2. Uqhaqhoqho
• 3. Ukudumba kwamathambo
• 4. Isifo somhlaza
• 5. I-Achalasia
• 6. Iimpazamo
• 7. Izilonda kumqala

Kukho izifo ezinokubangela ukonzakala kwaye zichaphazele ukwakheka komqala, ilungu elinomsebenzi obalulekileyo wokuhambisa ukutya kunye nolwelo phakathi komlomo nesisu, kwaye ezinye zezona ziphambili zibandakanya i-reflux yegastroesophageal, esophagitis, ithumba, spasms, usulelo, ukonzakala, umzekelo.

Iimpawu eziphambili ezibangelwa zezi zifo ziintlungu esifubeni, isilungulela, i-reflux, ubunzima ekuginyeni okanye imvakalelo ye-bolus kwindawo yomqala. Rhoqo, iintlungu ziba buhlungu kwaye zididekile sisifo sentliziyo, semiphunga okanye semisipha, ke kuhlala kufanelekile ukuba kuvavanyo lwezonyango ukwenza uvavanyo olunjenge-endoscopy yokwetyisa, i-manometry, i-ultrasound okanye i-radiografi ngokwahlukileyo kommandla, ochonga utshintsho ubume beziko kunye nokulawula ezinye izizathu. Qonda ngakumbi malunga nezinye izizathu zentlungu yesifuba.

1. Isifo se-reflux sesifo se-Gastroesophageal

Isifo se-reflux se-Gastroesophageal, esikwabizwa ngokuba yi-GERD, sibangelwa kukungafakwanga kwesiqulatho sesisu kwi-esophagus, ekungafanelekanga ukuba yenzeke, njengoko izicwili zeli lungu zingakulungelanga ukufumana i-asidi eninzi.

Iimpawu eziphambili: ezona mpawu ziphambili ze-gastroesophageal reflux ziyatshisa esifubeni, ukutsha kwentliziyo, incasa ekrakra emlonyeni, ukukhohlela ebusuku, ukuphindaphinda kwe-laryngitis, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, kunokubakho iintlungu esifubeni, iintlungu zokuginya (odynophagia) kunye ubunzima ekuginyeni (dysphagia)).

Unyango njaniUkusetyenziswa kwamachiza ukunciphisa i-asidi yejusi yesisu kuyacetyiswa, njenge-Omeprazole, i-Pantoprazole, i-Esomeprazole okanye i-Ranitidine, umzekelo, kwaye kunyanzelekile ukuba wenze utshintsho kwimikhwa, njengokuphepha ukutya okuhambisa i-reflux, efana nefry ukutya, amafutha, iminti, ipepile, ikofu, iti, iitumato, ukutya okuneasidi, ukongeza kuthintelo lokutya kakhulu, lala kanye emva kokutya unxibe iimpahla eziqinileyo

Ukuba i-reflux ye-gastroesophageal ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, ezinye zeengxaki ezinokubakho sisophagitis, umqala kaBarrett, ukunciphisa isophagus kunye nomhlaza. Fumanisa ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni kunye nendlela yokuchonga i-reflux yesisu.

2. Uqhaqhoqho

I-Esophagitis kukukrala komqala, ingxaki echaphazela abanye abantu abanesifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal.Oku kudumba kwandisa umngcipheko wokubangela umqala kaBarrett, othi uvele xa iiseli ezitshisayo zitshintsha, zibizwa ngokuba yi-metaplasia, ukumelana nokuchaphazeleka rhoqo kwi-asidi, kwaye okunomngcipheko owandayo wokubangela umhlaza wokuqina.

Abanye oonobangela be-esophagitis kubandakanya usulelo lwegwele, ukugabha rhoqo, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezinje nge-aspirin, anti-inflammatories kunye ne-antibiotics, ezinje ngeClindamycin, hiatus hernia okanye ukungeniswa kwezinto ezinobuzaza okanye ezineasidi, umzekelo.

Iimpawu eziphambili: iintlungu esifubeni okanye ukutshisa, iintlungu okanye ubunzima bokuginya, incasa ekrakra emlonyeni, ukukhohlela, i-laryngitis rhoqo.

Unyango njani: ukuba ibangelwa yi-reflux, unyango lwe-esophagitis lwenziwa ngokuthintela i-asidi yesisu, ngamayeza anje ngePantoprazole, Omeprazole kunye neRanitidine, umzekelo, ukongeza kutshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo. Ukuba kubangelwa lusulelo, amayeza anje ngee-antibiotics, ii-antifungals okanye ii-antivirals ziboniswa de isilonda siphilise. Kwimeko yokucaphuka okubangelwa ziziyobisi, izinto okanye imitha, kunokuba yimfuneko ukukhulisa umqala, ukuba umsebenzi wawo uphazamisekile.

Fumana iinkcukacha ezithe kratya malunga neendidi ze-esophagitis kunye nendlela yokuyinyanga.

Bona ezinye iinkcukacha zendlela i-esophagitis eyenzeka ngayo ngokubukela le vidiyo ilandelayo:

3. Ukudumba kwamathambo

Ayaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba yintoni unobangela we-Reflux esophageal, nangona kunjalo kukho izinto ezinokubangela ukungahambelani komsebenzi walo mzimba, kubangele ukuqaqanjelwa okubuhlungu nokungaqhelekanga komqala, njengokutya okushushu kakhulu okanye kubanda.

Ukuqinisekisa esi sifo, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezinje nge-manometry, efumanisa uxinzelelo lwe-esophagus, ukongeza kwirejografi ngokuchaseneyo kunye ne-endoscopy.

Iimpawu eziphambili: ikakhulu, kunzima ukugwinya kunye nentlungu esifubeni, enokwenzeka ngexesha lokulala, iba mandundu emva kokutya, kwaye ikhatshwe kukutsha, i-Reflux kunye nobunzima ekuginyeni. Kwezinye iimeko, iintlungu zinokuba nzima kangangokuba zinokulinganisa isifo sephepha esibukhali.

Unyango njani: iintlungu zinokupheliswa nge-antacids kwaye, ukulawula i-spasms, ugqirha angabonisa amayeza afana ne-nitrate, i-hydralazine, i-calcium channel blocker, i-toxin ye-botulinum kunye ne-anxiolytics, umzekelo.

4. Isifo somhlaza

I-tumor esophageal inqabile, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, inxulumene nobukho besifo se-reflux kunye ne-Barrett's esophagus, nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto ezinobungozi kukutshaya, ukusetyenziswa kotywala, ukulimala okubangelwa yi-HPV, ukukhuluphala kunye ne-esophageal reflux.

Iimpawu eziphambili: olona phawu lubunzima kukuginya ukutya, okuya kusiba kubi, ukuqala ngokutya okuqinileyo kwaye kunokufikelela kulwelo. Ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi zibonakale kukuhla kobunzima, ukudinwa, iintlungu xa uginya kunye ne-anemia, enokwenza umntu azive ediniwe.

Unyango njani: unyango luboniswa ngugqirha ngohlobo kunye nobukhali besilonda kwaye ihlala kubandakanya utyando lokususa ithumba, ukongeza kwi-chemotherapy okanye i-radiotherapy.

Funda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokuchonga nokunyanga umhlaza wokuqina.

5. I-Achalasia

I-Achalasia sisifo esibangelwa kukwenzakala okanye ukulahleka kwee-neurons ezinoxanduva lokugcina izihlunu zesisu. Ngale ndlela, umqala uphulukana namandla okuphumla ngexesha lokuginya kunye nokwenza i-peristalsis, engamaza okuhamba kwendlela yokwetyisa eyenzelwe ukuthatha ukutya kwicala elifanelekileyo, ukuya kuthi ga esiswini nasemathumbu. Ke, kwi-achalasia kukho ukutyeba ngokuthe ngcembe kunye nokukhubazeka, okunokuba mandundu njengoko ixesha lihamba.

Iimpawu eziphambili: ezona mpawu zinobunzima ekuginyeni, kwi-Reflux, kwintlungu yesifuba kunye nokwehla kobunzima.

Unyango njani: nangona lungekho unyango, ugqirha unokucebisa unyango ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-esophagus kunye neempawu, ezinjenge-nitrate okanye i-hydralazine. Ukuxutywa kwesophageal okanye utyando lwe-myotomy zezinye zeendlela zokuququzelela ukukhutshwa kwe-esophagus kwezona meko zinzima. Kwimeko yokugqibela, ukususwa komqala kunokuba yimfuneko.

I-Achalasia ibangelwa zizinto ezizimele, nangona kunjalo, isifo sikaChagas sinokubangela nokonakala kwentliziyo kwaye kubangele ukwanda okufanayo kwizigulana ezinolu suleleko. Ukuqinisekisa i-achalasia, ugqirha unokucebisa iimviwo ezinje nge-esophageal manometry, ukufumana utshintsho kuxinzelelo, ukongeza kwi-endoscopy kunye ne-radiografi ngokuchaseneyo nomqala.

6. Iimpazamo

I-Diverticula lutshintsho kulwakhiwo lwe-esophagus oluhlala lincinci, kodwa luyakhula kwaye lube nakho ukugcina amathe kunye nokutya.

Iimpawu eziphambili: xa zikhulu, i-diverticula inokubangela ubunzima ekuginyeni, ekuphefumlweni kakubi nangokunqwenela ukutya kwimiphunga.

Unyango njani: utyando lunokuboniswa ukususa i-diverticula enkulu kakhulu okanye kubangele iimpawu.

Ukongeza kwi-diverticula, ezinye iinguqu kwisakhiwo se-esophagus esinokuvela ngamakhonkco kunye neembumba ecaleni kwelungu, kunye neepolyps okanye izilonda ezinobunzima, ezinokwenza kube nzima ukugwinya ukutya, kwaye zinokubangelwa zizifo okanye ukudumba.

7. Izilonda kumqala

Unobangela obalulekileyo wentlungu kwi-esophagus, nangona inqabile, kukwenziwa kokonzakala okanye ukugqobhoza, okwenzeka kokubini ngenxa yokugabha okukhulu, kwaye ngexesha leenkqubo ezinje nge-endoscopy okanye ukubekwa kwemibhobho ye-nasogastric, umothuko kwiingozi okanye ngenxa Ukubola kubangelwa yi-esophagitis okanye umhlaza.

Iimpawu eziphambili: kukho iintlungu eziqatha ezibekwe esifubeni, esiba mandundu xa uphefumla okanye ukhohlela, kwaye igazi linokuvuza xa ugabha. Kungakho nokudumba kwe-mediastinum, indawo apho amanye amalungu abalulekileyo anjengentliziyo nemiphunga akhoyo, anobungozi kwaye angabeka ubomi bomntu emngciphekweni.

Unyango njani: ukufunwa kwemfihlo ngetyhubhu kubalulekile, ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics kwaye kuthintele ukutya kude kuphole izilonda. Xa inxeba likhulu okanye lingenakukwazi ukugcinwa, kuboniswa utyando lokulungisa.

Ukongeza ekwakhiweni kwezilonda, kunokubakho ukunyanzeliswa kokutya okanye elinye iqumrhu langaphandle elinokuthi lifakwe kwindawo yomqala kwaye libangele iintlungu ezinzulu kunye nokungakwazi ukuphelisa iimfihlo ezenziweyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba yimfuneko ukususa unobangela nge-endoscopy.