I-Erythrocytosis

Umxholo

• I-Erythrocytosis vs polycythemia
• Yintoni ebangela oku?
• Ziintoni iimpawu?
• Kufunyaniswa njani oku?
• Ukunyanga nokulawulwa kwe-erythrocytosis
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ushwankathelo

I-Erythrocytosis yimeko apho umzimba wakho wenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi (RBCs) ezininzi kakhulu, okanye ii-erythrocytes. Ii-RBCs zithwala ioksijini kwizitho zakho nakwizicubu zomzimba. Ukuba zininzi kwezi seli kunokulenza igazi lakho lijiye ngakumbi kunesiqhelo kwaye kukhokelele kugonyo lwamagazi nakwezinye iingxaki.

Zimbini iintlobo ze-erythrocytosis:

• I-erythrocytosis yamabanga aphantsi. Olu hlobo lubangelwa yingxaki yeeseli kumongo wethambo, apho ziveliswa khona ii-RBCs. I-erythrocytosis yaseprayimari ngamanye amaxesha izuzwe njengelifa.
• I-erythrocytosis yesibini. Isifo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza athile kunokubangela olu hlobo.

Phakathi kwama-44 nama-57 kubo bonke abantu abangama-100,000 bane-erythrocytosis ephambili, ngokwemeko leyo. Inani labantu abane-erythrocytosis yesibini inokuphakama, kodwa kunzima ukufumana inani elichanekileyo kuba zininzi izizathu ezinokubakho.

I-Erythrocytosis vs polycythemia

I-Erythrocytosis ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-polycythemia, kodwa iimeko zahlukile kancinane:

• I-Erythrocytosis kukwanda kwee-RBCs xa kuthelekiswa nomthamo wegazi.
• Polycythemiakukonyuka koxinzelelo lweRBC kwaye ihemoglobin, iprotein ekwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezithwala ioksijini kwizicwili zomzimba.

Yintoni ebangela oku?

I-erythrocytosis yaseprayimari ingadluliselwa kwiintsapho. Kubangelwa kukutshintsha kwemfuza elawula ukuba zingaphi ii-RBCs ezenziwa ngumongo wakho wethambo. Xa olunye lala magciwane lutshintshiwe, umongo wethambo lakho uya kuvelisa ii-RBCs ezingaphezulu, nokuba umzimba wakho awuzidingi.

Omnye unobangela we-erythrocytosis ephambili yi-polycythemia vera. Esi sifo senza ukuba umongo wethambo uvelise ii-RBCs ezininzi. Igazi lakho liya linyinyitheka ngenxa yoko.

I-erythrocytosis yesibini kukunyuka kwee-RBCs ezibangelwa sisifo esisisiseko okanye ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile. Iimbangela ze-erythrocytosis yesibini zibandakanya:

• ukutshaya
• ukunqongophala kweoksijini, okufana nezifo zemiphunga okanye ukuphakama
• amathumba
• amayeza anje nge-steroids kunye ne-diuretics

Ngamanye amaxesha unobangela erythrocytosis yesibini ayaziwa.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Iimpawu ze-erythrocytosis zibandakanya:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• isiyezi
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• impumlo
• ukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi
• ukungaboni kakuhle
• ukurhawuzelela

Ukuba nee-RBCs ezininzi kunokonyusa umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi. Ukuba iqokobhe lingena emthanjeni okanye emthanjeni, inokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi kumalungu abalulekileyo anjengentliziyo okanye ingqondo. Ukuvaleka kokuhamba kwegazi kunokukhokelela kwisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha.

Kufunyaniswa njani oku?

Ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ngokubuza malunga nembali yakho yonyango kunye neempawu. Emva koko baya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokwenziwa ukulinganisa ubalo lwe-RBC yakho kunye namanqanaba erythropoietin (EPO). I-EPO yihomoni ekhutshwa zizintso zakho. Yonyusa imveliso yee-RBCs xa umzimba wakho usezantsi kwioksijini.

Abantu abane-erythrocytosis yaseprayimari baya kuba nenqanaba eliphantsi le-EPO. Abo bane-erythrocytosis yesibini banokuba nenqanaba eliphezulu le-EPO.

Unokuba novavanyo lwegazi ukujonga amanqanaba:

• IHematocrit. Le yipesenti yeeRBCs egazini lakho.
• IHemoglobin. Le yiprotheni kwii-RBCs ezithwala ioksijini emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-pulse oximetry lilinganisa inani leoksijini egazini lakho. Isebenzisa isixhobo esikliphu esibekwe eminweni yakho. Olu vavanyo lunokubonisa ukuba ukungabikho kweoksijini kubangele i-erythrocytosis yakho.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba kungakho ingxaki ngomongo wethambo lakho, baya kuvavanya ukuguquka kwemfuza okubizwa ngokuba yiJAK2. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ube nomnqweno wethambo okanye i-biopsy. Olu vavanyo lususa isampulu yethishu, ulwelo, okanye zombini ngaphakathi kwamathambo akho. Emva koko kuvavanywa elebhu ukubona ukuba umongo wethambo lakho wenza ii-RBCs ezininzi kakhulu.

Unokuvavanywa kwakhona kwiinguqu zofuzo ezibangela i-erythrocytosis.

Ukunyanga nokulawulwa kwe-erythrocytosis

Unyango lujolise ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu. Ihlala ibandakanya ukuthoba inani lakho le-RBC.

Unyango lwe-erythrocytosis lubandakanya:

• I-Phlebotomy (ebizwa ngokuba yi-venesection). Le nkqubo isusa inani elincinci legazi emzimbeni wakho ukunciphisa inani lee-RBCs. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ufumane olu nyango kabini ngeveki okanye ngaphezulu rhoqo de imeko yakho iphantsi kolawulo.
• I-Aspirin. Ukuthatha iidosi ezisezantsi zokuthomalalisa iintlungu zemihla ngemihla kunokunceda ukuthintela amahlwili egazi.
• Amayeza athoba imveliso yeRBC. Oku kubandakanya ihydroxyurea (Hydrea), busulfan (Myleran), kunye ne-interferon.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Rhoqo iimeko ezibangela i-erythrocytosis azinyangeki. Ngaphandle konyango, i-erythrocytosis inokunyusa umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi, isifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha. Inokwandisa umngcipheko we-leukemia kunye nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wegazi.

Ukufumana unyango olwehlisa inani lee-RBCs eziveliswa ngumzimba wakho kunokunciphisa iimpawu zakho kwaye kuthintele iingxaki.