I-bilirubin ethe ngqo nengathanga ngqo: yintoni eyiyo kwaye kutheni inokuba phezulu

Umxholo

• Amaxabiso esalathiso seBilirubin
• Nini ukuthatha uvavanyo lwebilirubin
• Yintoni enokuba yibhilirubin ephezulu
• Ukonyuka kwe-bilirubin engathanga ngqo
• Ukonyusa ngokuthe ngqo i-bilirubin

Uvavanyo lwe-bilirubin lunceda ukufumanisa iingxaki zesibindi, i-bile ducts okanye i-hemolytic anemia, umzekelo, kuba i-bilirubin iyimveliso yokutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kwaye kufuneka isuswe ngumzimba kufuneka idityaniswe neswekile esibindini kwaye ihlupheke isenzo senyongo.

Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zebilirubin ezinokulinganiswa ngolu vavanyo:

• I-bilirubin engathanga ngqo okanye ayidibaniswanga: yinto ebunjiweyo ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ze emva koko zisiwe kwisibindi. Ngesi sizathu, uxinzelelo lwayo luphezulu egazini kwaye lunokutshintshwa xa kukho imeko ebandakanya iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezinje nge-hemolytic anemia, umzekelo;
• Ngqo Bilirubin okanye i-conjugate: ingqamana nokudibana phakathi kwe-bilirubin kunye ne-glucuronic acid, iswekile, esibindini. I-bilirubin ngqo ithatha isenzo se-bile emathunjini, isuswe ngohlobo lwe-urobilinogen okanye i-stereobilinogen. Ke, uxinzelelo lwe-bilirubin ngqo luyatshintshwa xa kukho ukulimala kwesibindi okanye isithintelo se-biliary.

Ukuvavanywa kweBilirubin kuyacelwa ngenjongo yokuvavanya ukusebenza kwesibindi, ukubeka iliso kunyango lweentsana ezisanda kunyangwa isifo kunye nokuvavanya izifo ezinokuthi ziphazamise imveliso ye-bilirubin, ukugcinwa, imetabolism okanye ukuphuma. Ngokwesiqhelo ugqirha uyalela i-bilirubin iyonke, nangona kunjalo iilebhu zihlala zikhupha iidosi ze-bilirubin ngokuthe ngqo nangokungathanga ngqo, kuba ezi dosi zimbini zinoxanduva lwexabiso lilonke le-bilirubin. Jonga ukuba zeziphi ezinye iimvavanyo ezinceda ukufumanisa iingxaki zesibindi.

Uvavanyo lwe-bilirubin aludingi kulungiselelwa kwaye lwenziwa ngesixa esincinci segazi. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zolu vavanyo zinokuphazamiseka xa isampulu ye-hemolyzed, oko kukuthi, xa inani leeseli ezibomvu ezonakalisiweyo likhulu kakhulu, eliqhele ukwenzeka xa ingqokelela ingenziwa ngokuchanekileyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukuba ukuqokelelwa kwenziwe kwilabhoratri ethembekileyo kunye neengcali eziqeqeshiweyo.

Amaxabiso esalathiso seBilirubin

Amaxabiso esalathiso se-bilirubin egazini zezi:

Olunye usana olusandul 'ukuzalwa lunokuba namanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu e-bilirubin, enokubangelwa kukungakhuli komzimba onxulumene ne-bilirubin metabolism okanye uxinzelelo lwabasebenzi. Amaxabiso esalathiso se-bilirubin kwiintsana ayahluka ngokobomi babo, kuba:

• Ukufikelela kwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuzalwa: 1.4 - 8.7 mg / dL;
• Ukufikelela kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kokuzalwa: 3.4 - 11.5 mg / dL;
• Phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 emva kokuzalwa: 1.5 - 12 mg / dL.

Emva kosuku lwe-6, amaxabiso esalathiso ayafana nalawo abantu abadala. Amaxabiso angentla kwexabiso lesalathiso abonisa ukuba umntwana une-jaundice, sesinye sezifo esixhaphakileyo kusana olusandul 'ukuzalwa nolunokunyangwa ngokulula ngonyango lokufota, olujolise ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-bilirubin emzimbeni womntwana. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-jaundice ye-neonatal, oonobangela kunye nendlela olwenziwa ngayo unyango.

Nini ukuthatha uvavanyo lwebilirubin

Uvavanyo lwe-bilirubin luhlala lu-odolwa ngugqirha xa kukho iimpawu zeengxaki zesibindi, ezinje ngokudinwa okugqithisileyo, isicaphucaphu rhoqo, ukugabha, iintlungu ezingapheliyo esiswini, umchamo omnyama okanye ulusu olumthubi, umzekelo.

Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo lungasetyenziswa xa kurhanelwa i-cirrhosis, hepatitis kunye ne-hemolytic anemia, umzekelo, ezibangela iimpawu ezinje nge-pallor, ukulala rhoqo, ulusu olomileyo, iinwele ezicothayo okanye iinzipho ezibuthathaka. Jonga ezinye iimpawu ze-hemolytic anemia.

Ukwehla kwamanqanaba e-bilirubin kuhlala kungenxa yokusebenzisa amanye amayeza, nangona kunjalo, amanqanaba e-bilirubin aphakamileyo ahlala ebonisa iingxaki zempilo ezinokuba nzulu ukuba ziyekwe zinganyangwa.

Yintoni enokuba yibhilirubin ephezulu

Unobangela wokunyuka kwe-bilirubin egazini yahluka ngohlobo lwe-bilirubin eyonyusiweyo:

Ukonyuka kwe-bilirubin engathanga ngqo

Kule meko, utshintsho kumanqanaba e-bilirubin phantse lonke lubangelwa lutshintsho egazini, nangona kunjalo, oyena nobangela uphambili kubandakanya:

• I-hemolytic anemia;
• I-anemia enobunzima;
• Ihemoglobinopathies;
• Utofelo-gazi.

Ukongeza, kukho iimeko apho i-bilirubin engathanga ngqo inyuka ngenxa yesifo, esaziwa njenge-Gilbert's syndrome, apho kukho utshintsho kwimfuza oluthintela isibindi ekupheliseni ngokufanelekileyo i-bilirubin. Funda kabanzi malunga nesifo sikaGilbert.

Ukonyusa ngokuthe ngqo i-bilirubin

Xa kukho ukonyuka ngokuthe ngqo kwi-bilirubin ihlala iluphawu lokuba kukho ingxaki esibindini okanye kwimibhobho yenyongo. Ke, ezinye zezizathu eziphambili zibandakanya:

• Hepatitis wentsholongwane;
• Isifo sesibindi esinxilisayo;
• Ilitye kwimibhobho yenyongo;
• Amathumba esibindini okanye kwimibhobho yenyongo.

Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi ezichaphazela isibindi, njengeParacetamol, kunokukhokelela ekwandeni kolu hlobo lwe-bilirubin egazini. Qonda ngcono ukuba yintoni ebangela ukwanda kwe-bilirubin kunye ne-jaundice kubantu abadala.