Uvavanyo lwe-6 lokufumanisa umhlaza webele (ukongeza kwimammography)

Umxholo

• 1. Uvavanyo lomzimba
• 2. Uvavanyo lwegazi
• 3. I-Ultrasound yebele
• 4. Isandi semagneti
• 5. I-biopsy yebele
• 6. UHLOLO LWENTLOKO

Olona vavanyo lusetyenzisiweyo lokuchonga umhlaza webele kwinqanaba lokuqala yi-mammography, equlathe iX-reyi ekuvumela ukuba ubone ukuba kukho izilonda kwizihlunu zamabele ngaphambi kokuba umfazi abe naziphi na iimpawu zomhlaza, ezinjengeentlungu zebele okanye ulwelo ukukhululwa kwingono. Jonga iimpawu ezili-12 ezinokubonisa umhlaza webele.

Imammografi kufuneka yenziwe ubuncinci yonke iminyaka emi-2 ukusukela kwiminyaka engama-40, kodwa abasetyhini abanembali yomhlaza webele kusapho kufuneka benze uviwo minyaka le ukususela kwiminyaka engama-35, ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-69 ubudala. Ukuba iziphumo ze-mammogram zibonisa naluphi na uhlobo lotshintsho, ugqirha unokuyalela enye i-mammogram, i-ultrasound, i-MRI okanye i-biopsy ukuqinisekisa ubukho botshintsho kunye nokuba uyaqinisekisa okanye akaqinisekisi ukuxilongwa komhlaza.

Kukho ezinye iimvavanyo ezinokukunceda ukuchonga nokuqinisekisa umdlavuza webele, njenge:

1. Uvavanyo lomzimba

Uvavanyo lomzimba luvavanyo olwenziwa ngugqirha wezifo zabasetyhini ngokusebenzisa ukucofa kwebele ukuchonga amaqhuqhuva kunye nolunye utshintsho kwibele lomfazi. Nangona kunjalo, ayiluvavanyo oluchanekileyo, kuba ibonisa kuphela ubukho bamaqhuqhuva, ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuba sisilonda esibi okanye esibi, umzekelo. Ke, ugqirha uhlala ecebisa ukuba kwenziwe iimvavanyo ezithile ngakumbi, ezinje nge-mammography, umzekelo.

Oku kudla ngokuba luvavanyo lokuqala xa umntu wasetyhini eneempawu zomhlaza wamabele okanye efumene utshintsho ngexesha lokuzihlola amabele.

Jonga ukuba ungazenza njani uviwo ekhaya okanye ubukele le vidiyo ilandelayo, ecacisa gca ukuba ungazihlola njani ngokuchanekileyo:

2. Uvavanyo lwegazi

Uvavanyo lwegazi luluncedo ekuchongeni umhlaza wamabele, kuba ngesiqhelo xa kukho inkqubo yomhlaza, ezinye iiproteni ezithile zinokugxininiswa kwazo egazini, njenge-CA125, CA 19.9, CEA, MCA, AFP, CA 27.29 okanye i-CA 15.3, edla ngokuba ngummakishi ocelwa kakhulu ngugqirha. Qonda ukuba yintoni uviwo lwe-CA kwaye lwenziwa njani 15.3.

Ukongeza ekubalulekeni ukunceda ekuchongeni umhlaza wamabele, abamakishi be-tumor banokwazisa ugqirha ngempendulo yonyango kunye nokuphindaphinda komhlaza wamabele.

Ukongeza kwiimpawu zethumba, kungenxa yohlalutyo lwesampulu yegazi apho utshintsho olunokuthi lubonwe kwi-genes suppressor genes, i-BRCA1 kunye ne-BRCA2, ethi xa iguqukile inokubangela umhlaza webele. Le thesis yemfuza iyacetyiswa kwabo banezihlobo ezisondeleyo abaye bafunyanwa benomhlaza wamabele ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-50, umzekelo. Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwemfuza lomhlaza wamabele.

3. I-Ultrasound yebele

Isifuba se-ultrasound luvavanyo oluhlala lusenziwa emva kokuba umntu wesetyhini ene-mammogram kwaye iziphumo zitshintshile. Olu vavanyo lufaneleke ngokukodwa kwabasetyhini abanamabele amakhulu, aqinileyo, ngakumbi ukuba kukho iimeko zomhlaza wamabele kusapho. Kule meko, i-ultrasound yinto encedisayo kakhulu kwi-mammography, njengoko olu vavanyo alukwazi ukubonisa amaqhuqhuva amancinci kwabasetyhini abanamabele amakhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, xa owasetyhini engenamatyala kusapho, kwaye enamabele anokubonwa ngokubanzi kwimammography, i-ultrasound ayithathi ndawo yemammography. Jonga ukuba ngubani osengozini yomhlaza webele.

4. Isandi semagneti

Ukubonwa kwemagneti yomthambo kuvavanyo olusetyenziswa ikakhulu xa kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nomntu obhinqileyo onomhlaza wamabele, ngakumbi xa kukho utshintsho kwiziphumo ze-mammography okanye i-ultrasound. Yiyo loo nto, imaging resonance imaging inceda ugqirha wamazinyo ukuqinisekisa isifo kunye nokuchonga ubungakanani bomhlaza, kunye nobukho bezinye iindawo ezinokuthi zichaphazeleke.

Ngexesha lokuvavanywa kweMRI, owasetyhini kufuneka alale ngesisu, exhasa isifuba sakhe kwiqonga elikhethekileyo elibathintela ekucinezelweni, livumela umfanekiso ongcono wezicubu zamabele. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba umfazi ahlale ezolile kwaye ethule kangangoko ukunqanda ukubangela utshintsho kwimifanekiso ngenxa yokuhamba komzimba.

5. I-biopsy yebele

I-Biopsy ihlala iluvavanyo lokugqibela lokuxilonga olusetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubukho bomhlaza, njengoko olu vavanyo lwenziwa elebhu kunye neesampuli ezithathwe ngqo kwizilonda zamabele, ukuvumela ukuba ubone ukuba ngaba kukho iiseli zethumba ezithi, xa zikhona, ziqinisekise ukuxilongwa umhlaza.

Ngokubanzi, i-biopsy yenziwa eofisini ye-gynecologist okanye i-pathologist ene-anesthesia yendawo, njengoko kufanelekile ukufaka inaliti esifubeni kude kube sisilonda sokufuna amaqhekeza amancinci e-nodule okanye utshintsho oluchongiweyo kolunye uvavanyo lokuqonda isifo.

6. UHLOLO LWENTLOKO

Uvavanyo lwe-FISH luvavanyo lwemfuza olunokwenziwa emva kwe-biopsy, xa kukho isifo somhlaza wamabele, ukunceda ugqirha ukuba akhethe uhlobo lonyango olufanelekileyo ukuphelisa umhlaza.

Kolu vavanyo, isampulu ethathwe kwi-biopsy ihlaziywa elabhoratri ichonga ii-genes ezithile ezivela kwiiseli zomhlaza, ezaziwa njenge-HER2, ethi, xa ikho, yazise ukuba olona nyango lululo lomhlaza lunento yokwenza ne-chemotherapeutic eyaziwa ngokuba yiTrastuzumab, umzekelo .