Into yaNgaphandle kwiLiso

Umxholo

• Yintoni into yangaphandle kwiso?
• Iimpawu zento yangaphandle esweni
• Unobangela wento yelinye iliso kwiso
• Unonophelo olungxamisekileyo
• Unonophelo lwasekhaya
• Unonophelo logqirha
• Ukubuya kwakhona kwinto yangaphandle esweni
• Ungayikhusela njani into yangaphandle kwiso

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni into yangaphandle kwiso?

Into engaqhelekanga esweni yinto engena iliso ivela ngaphandle komzimba. Inokuba yiyo nayiphi na into engeyiyo eyendalo apho, ukusuka kwisuntswana lothuli ukuya kwisinyithi. Xa into yelinye ilizwe ingena kwiliso, iya kuthi ichaphazele i-cornea okanye isihlanganisi.

I-cornea yidome ecacileyo egubungela umphambili wamehlo. Isebenza njengesigqubuthelo esikhuselayo ngaphambili kwamehlo. Ukukhanya kungena ngamehlo nge-cornea. Ikwanceda ukujonga ukukhanya kwi-retina ngasemva kweliso.

I-conjunctiva yimbumba encinci ye-mucous egubungela i-sclera, okanye umhlophe wamehlo. Isihlanganisi sibaleka siye kumda wecornea. Ikwagubungela indawo efumileyo phantsi kweenkophe.

Into yelizwe langaphandle ewela kwindawo engaphambili yamehlo ayinakulahleka ngasemva kwamehlo, kodwa inokubangela imikrwelo kwi-cornea. Oku kwenzakala kuhlala kuyinto encinci. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo zezinto zangaphandle zinokubangela usulelo okanye zonakalise umbono wakho.

Iimpawu zento yangaphandle esweni

Ukuba unento yelinye ilizwe esweni lakho, uya kuba neempawu kwangoko. Unokufumana:

• imvakalelo yoxinzelelo okanye ukungonwabi
• uvakalelo lokuba kukho into esweni lakho
• iintlungu zamehlo
• ukukrazula okugqithisileyo
• intlungu xa ujonga ukukhanya
• Ukuqhwanyaza kakhulu
• ububomvu okanye iliso elibomvu

Amatyala apho into yelizwe langaphandle lingena iliso kunqabile. Ngokwesiqhelo izinto ezingena kwiliso ziziphumo zempembelelo enkulu, enesantya esiphezulu njengokuqhushumba. Izinto zangaphandle ezingena kwiliso zibizwa ngokuba zizinto ze-intraocular. Iimpawu ezongezelelweyo zento ye-intraocular zibandakanya ukukhutshwa kolwelo okanye igazi elisweni.

Unobangela wento yelinye iliso kwiso

Izinto ezininzi zangaphandle zingena kwisihlanganisi seliso ngenxa yeengozi ezenzeka ngexesha lomsebenzi wemihla ngemihla. Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zezinto zangaphandle kwiso zezi:

• iinkophe
• yencindi eyomileyo
• uthuli lweplanga
• ubumdaka
• isanti
• izinto zokuthambisa
• iilensi zokujonga
• amasuntswana esinyithi
• iiglasi shards

Ukungcola kunye namaqhekeza esanti ahlala engene emehlweni ngenxa yomoya okanye ingqushu ewayo. Izinto ezibukhali njengesinyithi okanye iglasi zinokungena emehlweni ngenxa yokuqhushumba okanye iingozi ngezixhobo ezinje ngehammer, drill, okanye lawnmowers. Izinto zangaphandle ezingena kwiliso kwinqanaba eliphezulu lesantya zibeka umngcipheko omkhulu wokwenzakala.

Unonophelo olungxamisekileyo

Ukuba unento yangaphandle elisweni lakho, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kuya kunceda ukuthintela usulelo kunye nokuphulukana nombono. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo okanye zangaphakathi.

Ukususa into yelinye ilizwe ngokwakho kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu wamehlo. Fumana unyango olungxamisekileyo kwangoko ukuba into yelinye ilizwe:

• inemiphetho ebukhali okanye erhabaxa
• inkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingaphazamisa ukuvala iliso lakho
• iqulethe iikhemikhali
• iqhutywe iliso ngesantya esiphezulu
• ibethelelwe kwiliso
• ibangela ukopha kwiliso

Ukuba unento yangaphandle efakwe kwiliso lakho, okanye unceda umntu onale ngxaki, kubalulekile ukuba ufumane uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko. Ukuthintela ukonzakala okungakumbi kwiliso:

• Thintela ukuhamba kwamehlo.
• Bopha iliso usebenzisa ilaphu elicocekileyo okanye igeyisi.
• Ukuba into inkulu kakhulu ukuba ingavumela ibhandeji, gubungela iliso ngekomityi yephepha.
• Gquma iliso elingonzakalanga. Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela ukuhamba kwamehlo kwiliso elichaphazelekayo.

Kuya kufuneka ufune unyango olungxamisekileyo ukuba ezi mpawu zilandelayo zikhona emva kokuba naluphi na uhlobo lwento lususiwe:

• Usenemvakalelo yokuba unento esweni lakho.
• Unombono ongaqhelekanga, ukukrazula, okanye ukudanyaza.
• I-cornea yakho inendawo enamafu kuyo.
• Imeko yonke yamehlo akho iba mbi.

Unonophelo lwasekhaya

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unento yelinye iliso kwiso lakho, kubalulekile ukuba ufumane unyango ngokukhawuleza ukunqanda ukosuleleka kunye nokubanokwenzeka kombono owonakeleyo. Thatha la manyathelo okhuseleko:

• Sukuthambisa okanye ubeke uxinzelelo kwiso.
• Sukusebenzisa naziphi na izixhobo okanye izixhobo, ezinje ngothotho okanye umqhaphu kumphezulu wamehlo.
• Sukususa iilensi zonxibelelwano ngaphandle kokuba kukho ukudumba ngesiquphe okanye ukonzakele ngemichiza.

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unento yelinye iliso kwiso lakho, okanye unceda umntu onayo, thatha la manyathelo alandelayo ngaphambi kokuqala naluphi na ukhathalelo lwasekhaya:

• Hlamba izandla zakho.
• Jonga iliso elichaphazelekayo kwindawo enokukhanya okuqaqambileyo.
• Ukujonga iliso uze ufumane into, jonga phezulu ngelixa utsala isiciko esisezantsi. Landela oku ngokujonga ezantsi ngelixa ujikeleza ngaphakathi kwisiciko esingaphezulu.

Eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo yokususa into yelinye iliso kwiso lakho iya kwahluka ngohlobo lwento ozama ukuyisusa nalapho ikhoyo imehlweni akho.

Indawo exhaphakileyo yento yelinye ilizwe iphantsi kwamehlo aphezulu. Ukususa into yangaphandle kwesi sikhundla:

• Gxuma icala lobuso bakho ngelihlo lichaphazelekayo kwisitya esisicaba samanzi. Ngelixa iliso liphantsi kwamanzi, vula kwaye uvale iliso amatyeli aliqela ukukhupha into.
• Iziphumo ezifanayo zinokufezekiswa kusetyenziswa i-eyecup ethengwe kwivenkile ethengisa iziyobisi.
• Ukuba into ibambekile, yitsale isiciko esingaphezulu uze usolule phezu kwesiciko esisezantsi ukuze uyikhulule.

Ivenkile yeenkobe zamehlo.

Ukunyanga into yelinye ilizwe ebekwe phantsi kweenkophe ezisezantsi:

• Khupha ijwabu leso elisezantsi okanye ucinezele eluswini ngaphantsi kwejwabu leso ukuze ubone phantsi kwalo.
• Ukuba into iyabonakala, zama ukuyicofa ngesambatho esomileyo somqhaphu.
• Kwinto engapheliyo, zama ukuyikhupha ngokuhamba kwamanzi kwijwabu leso njengoko ulibambe livulekile.
• Unokuzama ukusebenzisa i-eyecup ukukhupha into.

Ukuba maninzi amaqhekeza amancinci aphuma kwinto ethile, njengentlabathi esweni, kuyakufuneka ukhuphe amasuntswana endaweni yokususa nganye nganye. Ukwenza oku:

• Sebenzisa ilaphu elimanzi ukususa naziphi na amasuntswana kwindawo ejikeleze iliso.
• Gxuma icala lobuso bakho ngelihlo lichaphazelekayo kwisitya esisicaba samanzi. Ngelixa iliso liphantsi kwamanzi, vula kwaye uvale iliso amatyeli aliqela ukukhupha amasuntswana.
• Kubantwana abancinci, galela iglasi yamanzi ashushu kwiliso endaweni yokuntywila. Bamba umntwana ajonge phezulu. Gcina ijwabu leso livulekile ngelixa ugalela amanzi esweni ukukhupha amasuntswana. Obu buchule busebenza kakuhle xa umntu omnye egalela amanzi ngelixa omnye ebambe iinkophe zomntwana zivulekile.

Unonophelo logqirha

Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ukuba into yelizwe langaphandle kwiso lakho ineemeko eziqinisekisa unyango olungxamisekileyo okanye ukuba:

• Khange uphumelele ekususeni into yangaphandle ekhaya.
• Umbono wakho uhlala ungacacanga okanye kungenjalo ungaqhelekanga emva kokususwa kwento yangaphandle.
• Iimpawu zakho zokuqala zokukrazula, ukuqhwanyaza, okanye ukudumba ziyaqhubeka kwaye aziphucuki.
• Imeko yamehlo akho iya isiba mandundu nangona ususwe into yasemzini.

Ukuba ufumana unyango kugqirha wakho, unokufumana uviwo olubandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Ukuhla kwe-anesthetic kuya kusetyenziselwa ukuphazamisa ubuso bamehlo.
• Idayi yeFluorescein, evutha phantsi kokukhanya okukhethekileyo, iya kusetyenziswa kwiliso ngethontsi lemehlo. Idayi ibonisa izinto ezingaphezulu kunye neebrasions.
• Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa isikhulisi ukuze afumane kwaye asuse naziphi na izinto zangaphandle.
• Izinto zinokususwa ngombala omdaka womqhaphu okanye ukhutshwe ngamanzi.
• Ukuba ubuchule bokuqala abuphumelelanga ekususeni into, ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa iinaliti okanye ezinye izixhobo.
• Ukuba into yelinye ilizwe ibangele ukubola kwe-corneal, ugqirha wakho unokukunika ioyile yokuthintela usulelo.
• Ukuxhamla okukhulu kwe-corneal, i-eye drops equkethe i-cyclopentolate okanye i-homatropine inokulawulwa ukugcina umfundi ehlanjululwe. Iintlungu zemisipha ebuhlungu zinokwenzeka ukuba umfundi unyanzelekile ngaphambi kokuba iphilise.
• Uya kunikwa i-acetaminophen yokunyanga iintlungu ezivela kwi-corneal abrasions enkulu.
• Iskena se-CT okanye olunye uphando olunokucingelwa kungafunwa ukuze kuqhubeke uphando lwento yangaphakathi.
• Unokuthunyelwa kugqirha ogxile kunyango lwamehlo, owaziwa ngokuba ngugqirha wamehlo, ukuze aqhubeke novavanyo okanye unyango.

Ukubuya kwakhona kwinto yangaphandle esweni

Ukuba uphumelele ekususeni into yangaphandle kwiliso lakho, iliso lakho kufuneka liqale ukujonga kwaye uzive ngcono kwiyure enye ukuya kwezimbini. Ngeli xesha, nayiphi na intlungu, ubomvu, okanye ukukrazula kufuneka kunciphe. Uvakalelo olucaphukisayo okanye ukungonwabi okuncinci kunokuhlala usuku okanye ezimbini.

Iiseli zaphezulu zelihlo zibuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza. I-Corneal abrasions ebangelwa yinto yelinye ilizwe ihlala ipholisa kwintsuku enye ukuya kwezintathu kwaye ngaphandle kosulelo. Nangona kunjalo, usulelo lunokwenzeka ukuba into yelinye ilizwe yayingamasuntswana omdaka, isetyana, okanye enye into enomhlaba. Biza ugqirha wakho ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki.

Izinto zangaphandle zangaphakathi zinokubangela i-endophthalmitis. Olu lusulelo lwangaphakathi lweliso. Ukuba into yangaphandle ye-intraocular yonakalisa i-cornea okanye i-lens yamehlo, umbono wakho ungonakaliswa okanye ulahleke.

Ungayikhusela njani into yangaphandle kwiso

Izinto zangaphandle ezinokuthi zibekho kwiliso lakho ngengozi ngexesha lezinto zemihla ngemihla kunokuba nzima ukuzilindela okanye ukuziphepha.

Umsebenzi othile okanye imisebenzi yolonwabo inokuthi ikhuphe izinto ezihamba ngomoya ezinokuhlala kwiliso lakho. Unokuthintela ukufumana into yelinye iliso kwamehlo akho ngokunxiba izikhuseli zamehlo okanye iiglasi zokhuselo xa usenza imisebenzi enokuthi ibandakanye izinto zomoya.

Ukuthintela ukufumana into yangaphandle kwiso lakho, soloko unxiba izambatho zokhuselo xa:

• ukusebenza ngeesarha, iinyundo, izinto ezisilayo, okanye izixhobo zamandla
• ukusebenza ngamachiza ayingozi okanye ayityhefu
• usebenzisa umshini wokucheba ingca