Iinyani ezingama-30 malunga noMhlaza wemiphunga

Umxholo

• Iinyani malunga nomhlaza wemiphunga
• 1. Umhlaza wemiphunga lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza kwihlabathi liphela.
• 2. EUnited States, umhlaza wemiphunga lolona hlobo lwesibini luqhelekileyo lomhlaza.
• 3. Ngo-2017, bekukho iingqikelelo ezingama-222,500 zomhlaza wemiphunga eMelika.
• 4. Nangona kunjalo, izinga lamatyala omhlaza wemiphunga liwile ngomyinge weepesenti ezi-2 ngonyaka kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo.
• 5. Umhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko usenokungabi nazimpawu.
• 6. Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo yeyona mpawu ixhaphakileyo yomhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko.
• 7. Ukudumba kumphezulu wemiphunga kunokuchaphazela imithambo-luvo yobuso, kubangele iimpawu ezifana nokuwa kweenkophe okanye ukungabilo kwicala elinye lobuso bakho.
• Ukutshaya ngoyena nobangela uphambili womhlaza wemiphunga.
• 9. Ukuba uphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 nengama-80 ubudala, utshaye iminyaka engama-30 ubuncinci, kwaye uyatshaya ngoku okanye uyeke ngaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15 eyadlulayo, iU.S. Preventive Services Task Force icebisa ukuba uhlolwe minyaka le umhlaza wemiphunga.
• 10. Nokuba awutshayi, ukubhencwa kukutshaya okulandelayo kunokuphakamisa umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga.
• 11. Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga, nokuba sele utshaye ixesha elide.
• 12. Unobangela wesibini ophambili womhlaza wemiphunga yi-radon, eyirhasi eyenzeka ngokwendalo.
• 13. Amadoda ase-Afrika-aseMelika aphantse abe ngama-20 eepesenti kunamadoda amhlophe ukuba afumane umhlaza wemiphunga.
• 14. Umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga uyanda njengokuba usiya ukhula.
• 15. Ukufumanisa umhlaza wemiphunga, ugqirha wakho uza kusebenzisa iX-reyi okanye iCT scan ukuze abone ukuba unobunzima na emiphungeni yakho.
• 16. Oogqirha banokwenza iimvavanyo zofuzo kwithumba lakho, elibaxelela iindlela ezithile eziguquke ngazo okanye ezitshintshileyo iDNA kwiqhuma lakho.
• 17. Zininzi iindlela zonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga.
• 18. Zine iindidi zotyando lomhlaza wemiphunga.
• 19. I-Immunotherapy ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wamaphaphu ongaqhelekanga.
• 20. Zintathu iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga: iseli engeyiyo encinci, iseli encinci kunye nemiphunga yomhlaza wamaphaphu.
• 21. Amathumba ecarcinoid emiphunga enza ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezintlanu zamatyala omhlaza wemiphunga.
• 22. Amanqanaba omhlaza akuxelela ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani.
• 23. Umhlaza wemiphunga wamaseli amancinci unezigaba ezibini eziphambili.
• 24. Umhlaza wemiphunga ubangela ukubulawa kwabantu abaninzi ngumhlaza kunalo naluphi na olunye uhlobo lomhlaza, emadodeni nakwabasetyhini.
• 25. Ubudala kunye nokwabelana ngesondo kunokuchaphazela amaxabiso okusinda.
• 26. Ukusweleka komhlaza wemiphunga eMelika kwehle malunga neepesenti ezi-2.5 ngonyaka ukusukela ngo-2005 ukuya ku-2014.
• 27. Ukuba umhlaza wemiphunga ubhaqiwe ngaphambi kokuba usasazeke ngaphaya kwemiphunga, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu liipesenti ezingama-55.
• 28. Ukuba umhlaza sele usasazekile kwamanye amalungu omzimba, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu liipesenti ezi-4.
• 29. Uphando lufumanise ukuba kunyaka wokuqala emva kokuxilongwa, indleko zizonke zokuchitha umhlaza wemiphunga kwinkcitho yezempilo zi- $ 150,000.
• 30. USuku loMhlaza lweMiphunga eMaphandleni lu-Agasti 1.
• Iintsomi malunga nomhlaza wemiphunga
• 1. Awunakho ukufumana umhlaza wemiphunga ukuba awutshayi.
• 2. Nje ukuba utshaye, awungekhe wehlise umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga.
• 3. Umhlaza wemiphunga uhlala ubulala.
• 4. Ukuveza umhlaza wemiphunga emoyeni okanye uwusike ngexesha lotyando kuya kubangela ukuba usasazeke.
• 5. Ngabantu abadala kuphela abafumana umhlaza wemiphunga.
• Ukuthatha

Ushwankathelo

Ukuxelelwa ukuba unengozi enkulu yomhlaza wemiphunga okanye ukufumanisa ukuba unako kungakushiya unemibuzo emininzi. Kukho ulwazi oluninzi - kunye nolwazi olungelulo - ngaphandle, kwaye kunokuba nzima ukuqonda konke.

Apha ngezantsi kukho iinyani ezingama-30 kunye neentsomi ezintlanu malunga nomhlaza wemiphunga: oonobangela, amaxabiso okusinda, iimpawu, kunye nokunye. Ezinye zezi zinto zinokuba zizinto osele uzazi, kodwa ezinye zinokumangalisa.

Iinyani malunga nomhlaza wemiphunga

1. Umhlaza wemiphunga lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza kwihlabathi liphela.

Ngo-2015, kwakukho umhlaba wonke kumhlaza wemiphunga.

2. EUnited States, umhlaza wemiphunga lolona hlobo lwesibini luqhelekileyo lomhlaza.

Umhlaza wamadlala uqheleke kakhulu emadodeni, ngelixa umhlaza webele uxhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini.

3. Ngo-2017, bekukho iingqikelelo ezingama-222,500 zomhlaza wemiphunga eMelika.

4. Nangona kunjalo, izinga lamatyala omhlaza wemiphunga liwile ngomyinge weepesenti ezi-2 ngonyaka kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo.

5. Umhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko usenokungabi nazimpawu.

Oku kuthetha ukuba umhlaza wemiphunga uhlala ubanjwa kuphela kwinqanaba elizayo.

6. Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo yeyona mpawu ixhaphakileyo yomhlaza wemiphunga kwangoko.

Esi sikhwehlela siya kuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

7. Ukudumba kumphezulu wemiphunga kunokuchaphazela imithambo-luvo yobuso, kubangele iimpawu ezifana nokuwa kweenkophe okanye ukungabilo kwicala elinye lobuso bakho.

Eli qela leempawu libizwa ngokuba yi-Horner's syndrome.

Ukutshaya ngoyena nobangela uphambili womhlaza wemiphunga.

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-80 zokufa komhlaza wemiphunga kubangelwa kukutshaya.

9. Ukuba uphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 nengama-80 ubudala, utshaye iminyaka engama-30 ubuncinci, kwaye uyatshaya ngoku okanye uyeke ngaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15 eyadlulayo, iU.S. Preventive Services Task Force icebisa ukuba uhlolwe minyaka le umhlaza wemiphunga.

Olona hlobo lokuphonononga lusetyenzisiweyo yidosi esezantsi ye-CT scan.

10. Nokuba awutshayi, ukubhencwa kukutshaya okulandelayo kunokuphakamisa umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga.

Umsi otshaywayo obangelwe ngunobangela wecala lokufa kwabantu abangama-7,000 ngonyaka

11. Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga, nokuba sele utshaye ixesha elide.

12. Unobangela wesibini ophambili womhlaza wemiphunga yi-radon, eyirhasi eyenzeka ngokwendalo.

Ukuphefumla kubhenca imiphunga yakho kwimitha encinci yemitha. I-Radon inokwakha ekhayeni lakho, ke uvavanyo lwe-radon lubalulekile.

13. Amadoda ase-Afrika-aseMelika aphantse abe ngama-20 eepesenti kunamadoda amhlophe ukuba afumane umhlaza wemiphunga.

Nangona kunjalo, izinga labasetyhini base-Afrika nabamaMerika li-10 ekhulwini liphantsi kunabesifazane abamhlophe.

14. Umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga uyanda njengokuba usiya ukhula.

Uninzi lweziganeko lufunyaniswa kubantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.

15. Ukufumanisa umhlaza wemiphunga, ugqirha wakho uza kusebenzisa iX-reyi okanye iCT scan ukuze abone ukuba unobunzima na emiphungeni yakho.

Ukuba uyakwenza oko, baya kuthi benze i-biopsy ukubona ukuba ubunzima bunomhlaza na.

16. Oogqirha banokwenza iimvavanyo zofuzo kwithumba lakho, elibaxelela iindlela ezithile eziguquke ngazo okanye ezitshintshileyo iDNA kwiqhuma lakho.

Oku kunokukunceda ufumane unyango olujolise ngakumbi.

17. Zininzi iindlela zonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga.

Oku kubandakanya i-chemotherapy, utyando, unyango ngemitha, iiradiosurgery, kunye nonyango ekujoliswe kulo.

18. Zine iindidi zotyando lomhlaza wemiphunga.

Ngamanye amaxesha, kususwa ithumba kunye nenxalenye encinci yethishu elijikelezileyo. Kwamanye, kususwa enye yelobes ezintlanu emiphungeni. Ukuba i-tumor isondele kwiziko lesifuba, unokufuna ukuba yonke imiphunga isuswe.

19. I-Immunotherapy ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wamaphaphu ongaqhelekanga.

I-Immunotherapy luhlobo lonyango oluvimba iiseli zomhlaza ekucimeni inxenye yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebizwa ngokuba zii-T seli. Xa iiseli ze-T zihlala zihlala, ziyaqonda ukuba iiseli zomhlaza "zezangaphandle" emzimbeni wakho kwaye zihlasela. I-Immunotherapy kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga ngoku iyavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

20. Zintathu iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga: iseli engeyiyo encinci, iseli encinci kunye nemiphunga yomhlaza wamaphaphu.

Iseli engeyiyo encinci lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo, lubala malunga neepesenti ezingama-85 zomhlaza wemiphunga.

21. Amathumba ecarcinoid emiphunga enza ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezintlanu zamatyala omhlaza wemiphunga.

22. Amanqanaba omhlaza akuxelela ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani.

Umhlaza wamaphaphu ongekho mncinci unezigaba ezine. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, umhlaza usemiphungeni kuphela. Kwinqanaba lesine, umhlaza usasazeke kuyo yomibini imiphunga, ulwelo olujikeleze imiphunga, okanye kwamanye amalungu.

23. Umhlaza wemiphunga wamaseli amancinci unezigaba ezibini eziphambili.

Iyokuqala inqunyelwe, apho umhlaza ungumphunga omnye. Isenokuba kwezinye ii-lymph node ezikufutshane. Okwesibini kubanzi, apho umhlaza usasazeke waya komnye umphunga, ulwelo olujikeleze imiphunga, kwaye ngokunokwenzeka kwamanye amalungu.

24. Umhlaza wemiphunga ubangela ukubulawa kwabantu abaninzi ngumhlaza kunalo naluphi na olunye uhlobo lomhlaza, emadodeni nakwabasetyhini.

Kubangela ukusweleka okungaphezulu ngonyaka kunekolon, ibele, kunye nomhlaza wedlala lendlala ngokudibeneyo.

25. Ubudala kunye nokwabelana ngesondo kunokuchaphazela amaxabiso okusinda.

Ngokubanzi, abantu abancinci kunye nabasetyhini banamazinga okungcono okusinda.

26. Ukusweleka komhlaza wemiphunga eMelika kwehle malunga neepesenti ezi-2.5 ngonyaka ukusukela ngo-2005 ukuya ku-2014.

27. Ukuba umhlaza wemiphunga ubhaqiwe ngaphambi kokuba usasazeke ngaphaya kwemiphunga, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu liipesenti ezingama-55.

28. Ukuba umhlaza sele usasazekile kwamanye amalungu omzimba, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu liipesenti ezi-4.

29. Uphando lufumanise ukuba kunyaka wokuqala emva kokuxilongwa, indleko zizonke zokuchitha umhlaza wemiphunga kwinkcitho yezempilo zi- $ 150,000.

Uninzi lwezi aluhlawulwa zizigulana ngokwazo.

30. USuku loMhlaza lweMiphunga eMaphandleni lu-Agasti 1.

Iintsomi malunga nomhlaza wemiphunga

1. Awunakho ukufumana umhlaza wemiphunga ukuba awutshayi.

Ukutshaya kubangela iimeko ezininzi zomhlaza wemiphunga. Nangona kunjalo, ukubhencwa kwi-radon, i-asbestos, ezinye iikhemikhali eziyingozi, kunye nongcoliseko lomoya kunye nomsi otshayayo nako kunokubangela umhlaza wemiphunga. Imbali yosapho yomhlaza wemiphunga nayo inokwandisa umngcipheko. Kwezinye iimeko zomhlaza wemiphunga, azikho izinto eziyingozi eziyaziwayo.

2. Nje ukuba utshaye, awungekhe wehlise umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga.

Nokuba utshaye ixesha elide, ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokuwunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga. Imiphunga yakho inokuba nomonakalo osisigxina, kodwa ukuyeka kuya kuyigcina ingonakali ngakumbi.

Nangona sele ufumene ukuba unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokukunceda uphendule bhetele kunyango. Kwaye, ukuyeka ukutshaya kulungile kwimpilo yakho ngeendlela ezininzi. Kodwa ukuba utshaye ixesha elide, kuya kufuneka uhlolwe, nokuba uyayeka.

3. Umhlaza wemiphunga uhlala ubulala.

Ngenxa yokuba umhlaza wemiphunga uhlala ufumaneka kumanqanaba okugqibela, emva kokuba sele usasazekile, unezinga eliphantsi lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu. Kodwa umhlaza kumanqanaba okuqala awanyangeki kuphela, uyanyangeka. Kwaye ukuba umhlaza wakho awunyangeki, unyango lunokunceda ukwandisa ubomi bakho kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu zakho.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na ingozi, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuhlolwa. Ezi zinokukunceda ukubamba umhlaza wemiphunga ngaphambili. Kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho ukuba unesikhohlela esingayi kuhamba kwaye siba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

4. Ukuveza umhlaza wemiphunga emoyeni okanye uwusike ngexesha lotyando kuya kubangela ukuba usasazeke.

Umhlaza wemiphunga uhlala usasazeka kwezinye iindawo zemiphunga, ii-lymph node ezikufutshane nomphunga, nakwamanye amalungu. Nangona kunjalo, utyando alubangeli naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza ukuba lusasaze. Endaweni yoko, umhlaza uyasasazeka ngenxa yokuba iiseli zamathumba zikhula kwaye zande ngaphandle kokumiswa ngumzimba.

Utyando luyakwazi ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga kumanqanaba ayo okuqala, xa lubekwe kwindawo yemiphunga okanye inani elincinci lee-lymph node ezikufutshane.

5. Ngabantu abadala kuphela abafumana umhlaza wemiphunga.

Umhlaza wemiphunga uxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, oko akuthethi ukuba abantu abangaphantsi kwe-60 abayifumani. Ukuba ngoku uneminyaka engama-30 ubudala, umzekelo, kufuneka ube nomhlaza wemiphunga kwiminyaka engama-20 ezayo.

Ukuthatha

Xa uxilongwa ngumhlaza wemiphunga, kuninzi ekufuneka ukufundile kwaye unokukhetha okuninzi malunga nokhathalelo lwakho. Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane oko kukulungele. Baza kukunceda ufumane olona nyango lusemgangathweni kwaye bangaphendula nayiphi na eminye imibuzo onokuba nayo. Kwaye ukuba uyatshaya kakhulu okanye uneminye imingcipheko yomhlaza wemiphunga, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuhlolwa kunye namanye amanyathelo othintelo, kubandakanya nokuyeka ukutshaya.