Yintoni phagocytosis kwaye kwenzeka njani

Umxholo

• Njengoko isenzeka
• Yenzelwe ntoni

I-Phagocytosis yinkqubo yendalo emzimbeni apho iiseli zamajoni omzimba zibandakanya amasuntswana amakhulu ngokukhutshwa kwepseudopods, eziyizakhiwo ezivela njengokwandiswa kwembumba yeplasma, ngenjongo yokulwa nokukhusela izifo.

Ukongeza ekubeni yinkqubo eyenziwa ziiseli zomzimba, i-phagocytosis inokwenziwa zii-microorganisms, ngakumbi iprotozoa, ngenjongo yokufumana izondlo eziyimfuneko kuphuhliso kunye nokwanda.

Njengoko isenzeka

Eyona phagocytosis ixhaphakileyo neyenzeka rhoqo ijolise ekulweni nasekuthinteleni ukukhula kwezifo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, yenzeka ngamanyathelo ambalwa, angala:

1. Uqikelelo, apho ii-phagocyte zisondela kumzimba welinye ilizwe, ezizinto ezincinci okanye ulwakhiwo kunye nezinto ezivelisiweyo okanye ezibonisiweyo;
2. Ukwamkelwa kunye nokubambelela, apho iiseli zibona ukwakheka okubonakalisiweyo kumphezulu we-microorganism, zibambelela kuzo kwaye zenziwe zisebenze, zikhokelela kwinqanaba elilandelayo;
3. Indawo ebiyelweyo, engqinelana nesigaba apho phagocytes ikhupha i-pseudopods ukuze ibandakanye iarhente ehlaselayo, ekhokelela ekwenziweni kwephagosome okanye i-phagocytic vacuole;
4. Ukufa kunye nokwetyisa kwe-particle edibeneyo, equka ukwenziwa kweendlela zeselfowuni ezinakho ukukhuthaza ukusweleka kwe-arhente yosulelo esosulelayo, eyenzeka ngenxa yomanyano lwe-phagosome kunye ne-lysosomes, esisakhiwo esikhoyo kwiiseli ezenziwe zii-enzyme. kwi-vacuole yokwetyisa, apho ukwetyisa kwe-intracellular kwenzeka.

Emva kokugaya ngaphakathi, ezinye iintsalela zihlala ngaphakathi kwi-vacuoles, ezinokupheliswa kamva siseli. Ezi ntsalela zinokufakwa kwiprotozoa, nayo nge-phagocytosis, ukuze isetyenziswe njengezondlo.

Yenzelwe ntoni

Kuxhomekeka kwiarhente eyenza i-phagocytosis, i-phagocytosis inokwenziwa ngeenjongo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo:

• Ukulwa izifo: Kule meko, i-phagocytosis yenziwa ziiseli zomzimba, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-phagocytes kwaye zibandakanya ii-microorganisms ze-pathogenic kunye ne-debris yeselula, ukulwa okanye ukuthintela ukwenzeka kosulelo. Iiseli ezihlala zihambelana nale phagocytosis zii-leukocytes, neutrophils kunye ne-macrophages.
• Fumana izondlo: i-phagocytosis yale njongo yenziwa yiprotozoa, equka ukungcola kweselula ukufumana izondlo eziyimfuneko ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kwazo.

I-Phagocytosis yinkqubo yendalo yomzimba kwaye kubalulekile ukuba iiseli ze-phagocytic kufuneka zikhethe iarhente ekufuneka i-phagocyted, kuba kungenjalo kunokubakho i-phagocytosis yezinye iiseli kunye nolwakhiwo emzimbeni, olunokuba nefuthe ekusebenzeni okufanelekileyo yomzimba.