Ukuphazamiseka kwiBipolar kunye noBuchule

Umxholo

• Yintoni iBipolar Disorder?
• Uxinzelelo
• Imania
• IHypomania
• Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nokuyila?

Ushwankathelo

Abantu abaninzi abaphila nengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuzibonakalise ukuba bayile kakhulu. Kukho amagcisa adumileyo, abadlali beemvumi, kunye neemvumi abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Oku kubandakanya umlingisi kunye nemvumi uDemi Lovato, umdlali weqonga kunye nomkhabi webhola okhaba uJean-Claude Van Damme, kunye nomlingisi uCatherine Zeta-Jones.

Abanye abantu abadumileyo ekukholelwa ukuba babene-bipolar disorder babandakanya umdwebi uVincent Van Gogh, umbhali uVirginia Woolf, kunye nomculi uKurt Cobain. Ke indalo inantoni yokwenza nengxaki yokuguquguquka kwengqondo?

Yintoni iBipolar Disorder?

Isifo seBipolar sisifo esinganyangekiyo sengqondo esibangela utshintsho olukhulu kwiimvakalelo. Imoods ziyatshintsha phakathi konwabe, amandla aphezulu (mania) kunye nosizi, ukudinwa okuthobekileyo (uxinzelelo). Olu tshintsho lweemvakalelo lunokwenzeka amaxesha ngamaxesha ngeveki okanye amaxesha nje ambalwa ngonyaka.

Zintathu iintlobo eziphambili zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okungaqhelekanga. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo. Abantu abane-bipolar ndinesiqendu esinye semanic. Ezi ziqendu zomntu zinokwandulelwa okanye zilandelwe sisiqendu esikhulu soxinzelelo, kodwa uxinzelelo alufuneki kwisifo se-bipolar I.
• Ingxaki yeBipolar II. Abantu abane-bipolar II banesimo esinye okanye ezingaphezulu zokudakumba ezihlala ubuncinci iiveki ezimbini, kunye nesiqendu esinye okanye ezingaphezulu ezibonisa ubuncinci zihlala iintsuku ezine. Kwiziqendu ze-hypomanic, abantu basonwabile, banamandla, kwaye banomdla. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zomelele kunezo zinxulunyaniswa neziqendu zomntu.
• Ingxaki yeCyclothymic. Abantu abanesifo se-cyclothymic, okanye i-cyclothymia, banamava e-hypomanic kunye noxinzelelo kuxinzelelo lweminyaka emibini okanye ngaphezulu. Utshintsho kwimood ludla ngokungabi namandla kule fomu yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Nangona kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okungaqhelekanga, iimpawu ze-hypomania, imania, kunye noxinzelelo ziyafana kuninzi lwabantu. Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

Uxinzelelo

• iimvakalelo ezingapheliyo zosizi olukhulu okanye ukuphelelwa lithemba
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla kwimisebenzi ebikade imnandi
• ingxaki yokujonga, ukwenza izigqibo nokukhumbula izinto
• ixhala okanye ukucaphuka
• ukutya kakhulu okanye okuncinci
• ukulala kakhulu okanye ukulala kancinci
• ukucinga okanye ukuthetha ngokufa okanye ukuzibulala
• ukuzama ukuzibulala

Imania

• ukufumana imo yokonwaba kakhulu okanye yokuphuma ixesha elide
• ukucaphuka kakhulu
• ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza, ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza imibono eyahlukeneyo ngexesha lencoko, okanye ukuba neengcinga zokubaleka
• ukungakwazi ukugxila
• ukuqala imisebenzi emininzi okanye iiprojekthi
• ndiziva ndijijekile
• ukulala kancinci okanye ukungalali tu
• ukusebenza ngokungxama kunye nokuzibandakanya kwiindlela zokuziphatha eziyingozi

IHypomania

Iimpawu ze-Hypomania ziyafana neempawu ze-mania, kodwa zahlukile ngeendlela ezimbini:

1. Nge-hypomania, ukutshintsha kwemood ngokwesiqhelo akunzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba kungaphazamisa kakhulu ukubanakho komntu ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
2. Akukho zimpawu zengqondo zenzeka ngexesha lesiqendu se-hypomanic. Ngexesha lesiqendu somntu, iimpawu zengqondo zinokubandakanya ukukhohlisa, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, kunye neparanoia.

Ngexesha lezi ziqendu ze-mania kunye ne-hypomania, abantu bahlala beziva benamabhongo kwaye bekhuthazekile, okunokubakhokelela ekubeni baqale umzamo omtsha wokuyila.

Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nokuyila?

Ngoku kungakho inkcazo yesayensi malunga nokuba kutheni abantu abaninzi bokudala benesifo se-bipolar. Izifundo ezininzi zamva nje zibonise ukuba abantu abanomdla wokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kunokwenzeka ngakumbi kunabanye ukubonisa amanqanaba aphezulu okuyila, ngakumbi kwimimandla yobugcisa apho izakhono zomlomo ezinamandla ziluncedo.

Kwisifundo esinye esivela ngo-2015, abaphandi bathatha i-IQ yabantwana abangaphantse babe ngamawaka amabini anesibhozo ubudala, emva koko babavavanya kwiminyaka engama-22 okanye engama-23 ngeempawu zobuntu. Bafumanise ukuba i-IQ yobuntwana obuphezulu yayihambelana neempawu zesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo emva kwexesha ebomini. Ngesi sizathu, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba izinto zemfuza ezinxulunyaniswa nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunokunceda ngengqondo yokuba zinokuvelisa iimpawu eziluncedo.

Abanye abaphandi bafumene unxibelelwano phakathi kwemfuza, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nobuchule. Kwesinye, abaphandi bahlalutya iDNA yabantu abangaphezu kwama-86,000 ukukhangela imfuza eyonyusa umngcipheko wokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nesifo sengqondo. Bakwaphawule nokuba abantu bayasebenza okanye banxulunyaniswa neenkalo zokuyila, ezinje ngokudanisa, ukwenza, umculo kunye nokubhala. Bafumanise ukuba abantu aboyilayo bayiipesenti ezingama-25 kunokwenzeka ngakumbi kunabantu abangenabuchule bokuthwala imfuza enxulunyaniswa ne-bipolar kunye ne-schizophrenia.

Asingabo bonke abantu abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esiyi-bipolar abayilayo, kwaye ayingabo bonke abantu abane-bipolar disorder. Nangona kunjalo, kubonakala ngathi kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwemfuza ekhokelela kwisifo se-bipolar kunye nobuchule bomntu.