Amanqanaba aphambili abasebenzi

Umxholo

• Isigaba sokuqala-Ulwandiso
• Isigaba sesi-2-Ukugxothwa
• Isigaba sesi-3-Ukuhanjiswa: Ukuhanjiswa kweplasenta

Izigaba zomsebenzi oqhelekileyo zenzeka ngokuqhubekayo kwaye, ngokubanzi, zibandakanya ukwanda komlomo wesibeleko, ixesha lokugxothwa kunye nokuphuma kweplascenta. Ngokubanzi, ukubeleka kuqala ngokuzenzekelayo phakathi kweeveki ezingama-37 ukuya kuma-40 zokukhulelwa, kwaye kukho imiqondiso ebonisa ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo uza kungena embandezelweni, njengokugxothwa kweplagi ecekethekileyo, ephuma kulwelo lwejelatinous, epinki okanye emdaka. ngokusebenzisa ubufazi kunye nokuqhekeka kwesingxobo samanzi, kulapho i-amniotic fluid efihlakeleyo iqala khona ukuphuma.

Ukongeza, umfazi okhulelweyo uqala ukufumana izithintelo ezingaqhelekanga, eziya kuthi ziqinise, kude kube ziqhelekile kwaye zinamakhefu ali-10 kwimizuzu eli-10. Funda indlela yokuchonga izichaso.

Ke, xa umfazi okhulelweyo enalezi mpawu kufuneka aye esibhedlele okanye ekubelekeni, kuba ukuzalwa komntwana kusondele.

Isigaba sokuqala-Ulwandiso

Inqanaba lokuqala lokuzalwa komntwana libonakaliswa bubukho bokuphambana kunye nenkqubo yokwanda komlomo wesibeleko kunye nomjelo wokuzalwa de ufike kwi-10 cm.

Esi sigaba sahlulwe efihlakeleyo, apho ukudumba komlomo wesibeleko kungaphantsi kwe-5 cm kwaye kubonakaliswa ngokwanda okuthe ngcembe kwimisebenzi yesibeleko, ubukho bokungahambelani kakuhle kwesibeleko kunye nokonyuka kwemfihlo yomlomo wesibeleko, kunye nelahleko yeplagi yangaphakathi, kunye esebenzayo, apho i-dilation ingaphezulu kwe-5 cm kwaye umfazi uqala ukubonakalisa ukucaphuka okuqhelekileyo kunye nobuhlungu.

Ubude besigaba sokuqala somsebenzi bunokwahluka kumfazi ukuya kumfazi, nangona kunjalo kuhlala umndilili weeyure ezisi-8 ukuya kwezi-14. Ngeli xesha, kuqhelekile ukuba abantu basetyhini bafumane iintlungu ngenxa yokuncipha, okuba rhoqo rhoqo kunye nexesha elifutshane phakathi komnye nomnye njengokuthanjiswa okukhulu komlomo wesibeleko kunye nomjelo wesini kuqinisekiswa.

Kwenziwe ntoni kweli nqanaba: Okwangoku, umfazi okhulelweyo kufuneka aye kwiwadi yokubeleka okanye esibhedlele ayokufumana uncedo kwiingcali zezempilo. Ukunciphisa iintlungu, umfazi okhulelweyo kufuneka aphefumle kancinci kwaye ngokunzulu ngexesha lokuncipha, ngokungathi wayenuka intyatyambo kwaye ukhupha ngokungathi ucima ikhandlela.

Ukongeza, unokuhamba kancinci okanye unyuke izitepsi, kuba oko kuya kunceda umntwana ongekazukuma ukuba akwazi ukuzibamba ukuze aphume kwaye, ukuba umfazi ulele phantsi, unokujikela kwicala lasekhohlo, ukuqhuba ioksijini efanelekileyo yomntwana olungekazalwa kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu. . Fumanisa ezinye iindlela zendalo zokuphembelela abasebenzi.

Esibhedlele, ngexesha lokuqala kwenqanaba labasebenzi, ukuchukunyiswa kwelungu lobufazi kwenziwa qho kwiiyure ezi-4 zokuhamba kunye nokukhuthaza intshukumo kwindawo ethe nkqo. Ukongeza, kwimeko yabasetyhini abasemngciphekweni ophantsi wokufuna ianesthesia ngokubanzi, ulwelo kunye nokutya kuvunyelwe.

Isigaba sesi-2-Ukugxothwa

Isigaba esisebenzayo sabasebenzi silandelwa sisigaba sokugxothwa, apho umlomo wesibeleko sele ufikelele kubuninzi bawo kwaye isigaba sexesha lokugxothwa siqala, esinokuthatha phakathi kweeyure ezi-2 nezintathu.

Ukuqala kwesigaba sokugxothwa kubizwa ngokuba lixesha lotshintsho, elifutshane kwaye libuhlungu kwaye umlomo wesibeleko ufumana ukuxubana phakathi kwe-8 ne-10 cm ekupheleni kwexesha. Xa ukuxutywa okwaneleyo kuqinisekisiwe, umfazi kufuneka aqale ukusebenzisa amandla okwehla komboniso wosana olungekazalwa. Ukongeza, indawo yokuhanjiswa inokuchongwa ngumfazi okhulelweyo, ukuba nje kufanelekile kwaye oko kuthanda isigaba sesibini sabasebenzi.

Kwenziwe ntoni kweli nqanaba: Ngeli nqanaba, owasetyhini kufuneka alandele imiyalelo ayinikiweyo ukulungiselela ukubeleka. Ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba owasetyhini enze intshukumo yokutyhala elandela eyakhe amandla, ukongeza ekugcineni ukuphefumla kulawulwa.

Ngeli xesha lesigaba, ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa umothuko kwi-perineum zinokwenziwa, njengokuthanjiswa komzimba, ukunyanzelwa okushushu okanye ukukhuselwa ngapha nangapha kwezandla.Uxinzelelo lwencwadana yomlomo wesibeleko okanye i-episiotomy ayikhuthazwa, ehambelana nokwenza ukusikwa okuncinci kwi-perineum ukulungiselela ukuzalwa.

Nangona i-episiotomy yinto eyenzeka rhoqo, ukusebenza kwayo akukhuthazwa kubantu basetyhini abangenalo uphawu, oku kungenxa yokuba izibonelelo zale ndlela ziyaphikisana kwaye akukho bungqina baneleyo benzululwazi, ukongeza kwinto yokuba bekuqwalaselwe ukuba ukusebenza le nkqubo rhoqo ayikhuthazi ukukhuselwa kumgangatho we-pelvic kwaye iyahambelana nesona sizathu siphambili seentlungu, ukopha kunye neengxaki ngexesha nasemva kokubeleka.

Isigaba sesi-3-Ukuhanjiswa: Ukuhanjiswa kweplasenta

Isigaba sokuhanjiswa sisigaba sesi-3 somsebenzi kwaye senzeka emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, ephawulwa ngokuphuma kwiplasenta, enokuthi ishiye ngokuzenzekelayo okanye isuswe ngugqirha. Ngeli nqanaba, i-oxytocin ihlala ilawulwa, eyihomoni ethanda umsebenzi kunye nokuzalwa komntwana.

Kwenziwe ntoni kweli nqanaba: Kwesi sigaba, emva kokuba usana luzelwe, izinto zokubelekisa kunye neqela labongikazi liya kwenza uvavanyo ngokubanzi lowasetyhini, ukongeza ekusebenzeni okulawulwayo komqolo.

Emva kokuzalwa kunye nokungabikho kwayo nayiphi na imiqondiso yeengxaki kumama okanye kusana, usana olusandul 'ukuzalwa lubekwa kunxibelelwano nonina ukuze kwenziwe ukuncancisa kokuqala.