Rheumatic fever: yintoni, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Uthintelo lwe-rheumatic fever

I-rheumatic fever sisifo esizenzekelayo esibonisa ukudumba kwezicubu ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni, esikhokelela kwintlungu edibeneyo, ukubonakala kwamaqhuqhuva eluswini, iingxaki zentliziyo, ubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokuhamba okungazibandakanyi.

I-rheumatic fever ihlala yenzeka emva kwesiqendu sosulelo kunye nokudumba komqala okunganyangwa kakuhle kwaye kubangelwe yintsholongwane IStreptococcus pyogenes. Usulelo lweli bhakteriya luxhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni nakwishumi elivisayo ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-15, kodwa inokwenzeka kubantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka.

Ke ngoko, kwimeko yeempawu kunye neempawu ze-pharyngitis kunye ne-tonsillitis ephindaphindayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubonane nogqirha ukuze kuqale unyango olufanelekileyo ukunqanda iingxaki zosulelo IStreptococcus pyogenes.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Xa usulelo lwebhaktiriya IStreptococcus pyogenes ayinyangwa ngokuchanekileyo ngokusetyenziswa kweyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane, ngokokubonisa kugqirha wabantwana okanye ugqirha oqhelekileyo, izilwa-buhlungu eziveliswa kukudumba zinokuhlasela amalungu aliqela omzimba, njengamalungu, intliziyo, ulusu kunye nengqondo.

Ke, ukongeza kumkhuhlane, onokufikelela kuma-39ºC, ezona mpawu ziphambili zerheumatic fever zezi:

• Iimpawu ezidibeneyo: iintlungu kunye nokudumba kwamalungu, njengamadolo, iingqiniba, amaqatha kunye nezihlahla, ezinepatheni yokufuduka, oko kukuthi, oku kudumba kunokutshintsha ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye, kwaye kunokuhlala ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-3;
• Iimpawu zentliziyo: ukuphefumla kancinci, ukudinwa, iintlungu esifubeni, ukukhohlela, ukudumba emilenzeni kunye nokumbombozela kwentliziyo kunokubangelwa kukudumba kwezivalo kunye nezihlunu zentliziyo;
• Iimpawu ze-Neurological: iintshukumo zomzimba ezinganyanzelekanga, njengokuphakamisa iingalo okanye imilenze ungenzi ngabom, ezi zimpawu ze-neurological zibizwa ngokuba yi-chorea. Kukho ukubakho ukutshintsha rhoqo kwemood, intetho edikidiki kunye nobuthathaka bemisipha;
• Iimpawu zolusu: amaqhuqhuva phantsi kolusu okanye amabala abomvu.

Iimpawu zerheumatic fever zihlala zivela phakathi kweeveki ezi-2 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6 emva kokosulelwa yibhaktiriya, kwaye zinokuhlala iinyanga ezininzi, kuxhomekeke kunyango oluchanekileyo kunye nokuzikhusela komntu ngamnye. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukwenzakala okubangelwa yintliziyo kubi kakhulu, umntu unokushiyeka ene-sequelae ekusebenzeni kwentliziyo. Ukongeza, njengoko iimpawu zinokwenzeka kuqhambuko, ngalo lonke ixesha iziphumo zentliziyo zibonakala zibi kakhulu, zibeka ubomi bomntu emngciphekweni.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-rheumatic fever kwenziwa ngugqirha oqhelekileyo, i-rheumatologist okanye ugqirha wabantwana ngokusekwe kubukho beempawu eziphambili kunye novavanyo lomzimba lwesigulana kunye nesiphumo sovavanyo oluthile lwegazi olubonisa ukudumba, njenge-ESR kunye neCRP.

Ukongeza, ubukho be-antibody ngokuchasene nebhaktiriya ye-rheumatic fever kuyaphononongwa, kufunyaniswa iimviwo zeemfihlo ezivela emqaleni nasegazini, ezinje ngovavanyo lwe-ASLO, oluvavanyo olubalulekileyo lokuqinisekisa usuleleko yintsholongwane kwaye uqinisekise ukuxilongwa. Qonda ukuba uviwo lwe-ASLO lwenziwa njani.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-rheumatic fever iyanyangeka, kwaye unyango lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics, ezinjenge-Benzetacil, emiselwe ngugqirha wabantwana, i-rheumatologist okanye ugqirha jikelele. Iimpawu zokudumba kumalungu kunye nentliziyo inokuncitshiswa ngokuphumla kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezichasayo, ezinje nge-ibuprofen kunye ne-prednisone, umzekelo.

Kuxhomekeke kubuzaza be-rheumatic fever, ugqirha usenokubonisa ukuba inaliti ye-Benzetacil ye-intramuscular yenziwa ngeentsuku ezingama-21, ezinokufikelela kwiminyaka engama-25 yomntu ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuphazamiseka kwentliziyo.

Uthintelo lwe-rheumatic fever

Ukuthintela i-rheumatic fever kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela ukukhula kwesi sifo kunye nokulandelelana kwaso, ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba kwimeko ye-pharyngitis okanye i-tonsillitis yi-Streptococcus pyogenes, unyango lwe -antibiotic kufuneka lwenziwe ngokwesindululo sikagqirha, ekubeni kubalulekile ukwenza unyango olupheleleyo, nokuba azisekho iimpawu.

Kubantu abanesiganeko esinye seempawu zentsholongwane yamathambo, kubalulekile ukulandela unyango ngenaliti zeBenzetacil ukunqanda ukuqhambuka kungenzeki kwaye kukho umngcipheko omkhulu weengxaki.