Ukukhawuleza

Ukwenza isandi ngumlozi ophakamileyo xa uphefumla. Kwenzeka xa umoya uhamba ngemibhobho yokuphefumla emxinwa emiphungeni.

Ukuvutha ngumqondiso wokuba umntu unengxaki yokuphefumla. Isandi sokuphefumla siyabonakala xa uphefumla (uphefumlela ngaphandle). Inokuvakala kwakhona xa uphefumla (inhaling).

Ukuvutha rhoqo kuhlala kuvela kwimibhobho encinci yokuphefumla (iityhubhu ezinobunzima) nzulu emiphungeni. Kodwa kusenokwenzeka ngenxa yokuvaleka kwii-airways ezinkulu okanye kubantu abaneengxaki ezithile zentambo yelizwi.

Izizathu zokuvutha zingabandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Isifo sombefu
• Ukuphefumla into yelinye ilizwe kwiindlela zomoya eziya kwimiphunga
• Ukonakaliswa kunye nokwandiswa kwemimoya emikhulu emiphungeni (bronchiectasis)
• Ukudumba kunye nokwakha i-mucus kwezona zincinci zincinci zomoya kwimiphunga (i-bronchiolitis)
• Ukuvuvukala kunye nokwakha i-mucus kwiindinyana eziphambili ezihambisa umoya kwimiphunga (i-bronchitis)
• I-COPD, ngakumbi xa usulelo lokuphefumla lukhona
• Isifo se-asidi se-reflux
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo (isifo sombefu)
• Ulwamvila lwezinambuzane oludala uguquko
• Amayeza athile (ngakumbi iasprini)
• Usulelo lwemiphunga (inyumoniya)
• Ukutshaya
• Usulelo lwentsholongwane, ngakumbi kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2

Thatha onke amayeza akho njengoko uyalelwe.

Ukuhlala kwindawo apho kufumile, umoya ofudumeleyo unokunceda ukukhulula iimpawu ezithile. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokuqhuba ishawa eshushu okanye ukusebenzisa umphunga.

Tsalela umnxeba ukuba umnxeba:

• Ivela okokuqala
• Kwenzeka ngokuphefumla okuphawulekayo, ulusu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukudideka, okanye utshintsho lwengqondo
• Igcina ukwenzeka ngaphandle kwengcaciso
• Kubangelwa kukungavumi ukulunywa okanye liyeza

Ukuba ukuvutha ngamandla okanye kwenzeka ngokuphefumla kakhulu, kuya kufuneka uye ngqo kwisebe likaxakeka elikufutshane.

Umboneleli uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga nembali yakho yonyango kunye neempawu. Imibuzo malunga nokuvutha kwakho ingabandakanya ukuba iqale nini, ihlale ixesha elingakanani, ukuba kubi nini, kwaye yintoni enokubangela oko.

Uvavanyo lomzimba lunokubandakanya ukumamela izandi zemiphunga (auscultation). Ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu, umboneleli uya kuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho akayiginyanga into yangaphandle.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Umsebenzi wegazi, kubandakanya iigesi zegazi
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga

Ukuhlala esibhedlele kunokufuneka ukuba:

• Ukuphefumla kunzima ngakumbi
• Amayeza kufuneka anikwe ngomthambo (IV)
• Kufuneka ioksijini eyongezelelweyo
• Umntu kufuneka abekwe esweni ngabasebenzi bezonyango

Rhonchi sibilant; Ukubamba umbefu; Ukuvutha - i-bronchiectasis; Ukuvutha - i-bronchiolitis; Ukubetha - i-bronchitis; Ukubetha - COPD; Ukubetha-ukusilela kwentliziyo

• Isifuba kunye nesikolo
• Ulawulo lwe-asthma
• Isifo sombefu - iziyobisi ezikhawulezayo
• Ukuzilolonga okubangelwa kukuzivocavoca umzimba
• Uyisebenzisa kanjani i-nebulizer

• Amaphaphu

IKliegman RM, iSt. Geme JW, iBlum NJ, i-Shah SS, iTasker RC, uWilson KM. Ukuqhaqhazela, i-bronchiolitis, kunye ne-bronchitis. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 418.

I-Woodruff PG, iBhakta NR, iFahy JV. Isifuba: i-pathogenesis kunye ne-phenotypes. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 41.