I-Fingolimod (i-Gilenya) Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye noLwazi loKhuseleko

Umxholo

• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwidosi yokuqala
• Imiphumela
• Izilumkiso ze-FDA
• Imiqathango yenkxalabo
• Ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi
• Thetha nogqirha wakho

Intshayelelo

I-Fingolimod (i-Gilenya) lunyango oluthathwe ngomlomo ukunyanga iimpawu zokubuyela umva-ukukhulula okuninzi kwesclerosis (RRMS). Inceda ukunciphisa ukwenzeka kweempawu zeRRMS. Ezi mpawu zinokubandakanya:

• ukudumba kwezihlunu
• ubuthathaka kunye nokuba ndindisholo
• iingxaki zolawulo lwesinyi
• iingxaki ngokuthetha nangokubona

I-Fingolimod isebenza ukulibaziseka ukukhubazeka komzimba okunokubangelwa yi-RRMS.

Njengazo zonke iziyobisi, i-fingolimod inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, zinokuba nzulu.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwidosi yokuqala

Uthatha idosi yokuqala ye-fingolimod kwiofisi kagqirha wakho. Emva kokuba uyithathile, uya kujongwa iiyure ezintandathu okanye nangaphezulu. I-electrocardiogram nayo yenziwa ngaphambi nasemva kokuba uthathe amayeza ukujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye nesingqisho.

Iingcali zokhathalelo lwempilo zithatha la manyathelo okhuseleko kuba idosi yakho yokuqala ye-fingolimod inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezithile, kubandakanya uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne-bradycardia, isantya sentliziyo esisicothayo esinokuba yingozi. Iimpawu zokucotha kwenqanaba lentliziyo kunokubandakanya:

• ukudinwa ngequbuliso
• isiyezi
• iintlungu zesifuba

Ezi ziphumo zinokubakho ngethamo lakho lokuqala, kodwa akufuneki zenzeke ngalo lonke ixesha uthatha iyeza. Ukuba unayo le mpawu ekhaya emva kwedosi yakho yesibini, biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Imiphumela

I-Fingolimod ithathwa kanye ngemini. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi zenzeke emva kwesibini kunye nezinye iindlela zokulandelela zingabandakanya:

• urhudo
• ukukhohlela
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• ukudakumba
• ubuthathaka bemisipha
• ulusu olomileyo nolurhawuzayo
• isisu esibuhlungu
• umqolo obuhlungu

I-Fingolimod nayo inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu. Ezi zihlala zihamba ukuba uyeka ukuthatha iyeza. Ngaphandle kweengxaki zesibindi, ezinokuthi ziqheleke, ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zihlala zinqabile. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu zinokubandakanya:

• Iingxaki zesibindi. Ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ngexesha lonyango lwakho ukujonga iingxaki zesibindi. Iimpawu zeengxaki zesibindi zinokubandakanya i-jaundice, ebangela ukuba tyheli kolusu kunye nabamhlophe wamehlo.
• Ukwanda komngcipheko wosulelo. I-Fingolimod inciphisa inani lakho leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ezi seli zibangela ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo kwi-MS. Nangona kunjalo, ayanceda umzimba wakho ukulwa nosulelo.Ke, umngcipheko wosulelo uyanda. Oku kunokuqhubeka ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokuba uyeke ukuthatha i-fingolimod.
• I-edema eyakhiwe. Ngale meko, ulwelo luyakheka kwi-macula, eyinxalenye yeretina yamehlo. Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukubona okungacacanga, indawo engaboniyo, kunye nokubona imibala engaqhelekanga. Umngcipheko wale meko uphezulu ukuba unesifo seswekile.
• Ingxaki yokuphefumla. Ukuphefumla kancinci kunokwenzeka ukuba uthatha i-fingolimod.
• Ukunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ugqirha wakho uya kuthi abeke esweni uxinzelelo lwegazi ngexesha lonyango lwakho lwe-fingolimod.
• Leukoencephalopathy. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-fingolimod inokubangela iingxaki zobuchopho. Oku kubandakanya ukuqhubeka kwe-leukoencephalopathy ye-multifocal kunye ne-post encephalopathy syndrome. Iimpawu zingabandakanya utshintsho ekucingeni, ukunciphisa amandla, utshintsho kumbono wakho, ukuxhuzula, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu eza ngokukhawuleza. Tshela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba unale mpawu.
• Umhlaza. I-basal cell carcinoma kunye ne-melanoma, iintlobo ezimbini zomhlaza wolusu, zidityaniswe nokusetyenziswa kwe-fingolimod. Ngelixa usebenzisa eli chiza, wena kunye nogqirha kufuneka ujonge amaqhuma angaqhelekanga okanye ukukhula kwisikhumba sakho.
• Unyango. Njengamachiza amaninzi, i-fingolimod inokubangela ukusabela komzimba. Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukuvuvukala, ukukhawuleza kunye nemingxuma. Akufanele ulithathe eli chiza ukuba uyazi ukuba unegciwane.

Izilumkiso ze-FDA

Iziphumo ezinqabileyo kwi-fingolimod zinqabile. Kuxelwe ukubhubha ngo-2011 kunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kokuqala kwefingolimod. Ezinye iimeko zokufa ngenxa yeengxaki zentliziyo ziye zaxelwa. Nangona kunjalo, i-FDA ayifumananga ikhonkco ngqo phakathi kwezi ezinye ukufa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-fingolimod.

Okwangoku, ngenxa yezi ngxaki, i-FDA itshintshe izikhokelo zayo zokusetyenziswa kwe-fingolimod. Ngoku ithi abantu abathatha amachiza athile orhombiso okanye abanembali yeemeko ezithile zentliziyo okanye ukubetha akufuneki bathathe i-fingolimod.

Uye waxela iimeko ezinokwenzeka zosulelo lobuchopho olunqabileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-leukoencephalopathy eqhubekayo emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-fingolimod.

Ezi ngxelo zinokuvakala zisoyikisa, kodwa gcinani engqondweni ukuba uninzi lweengxaki zefingolimod zinqabile. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokusebenzisa eli chiza, qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngalo nogqirha wakho. Ukuba sele umiselwe eli chiza, sukuyeka ukulithatha ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha ukuxelele.

Imiqathango yenkxalabo

I-Fingolimod inokubangela iingxaki ukuba uneemeko ezithile zempilo. Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-fingolimod, qiniseka ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo:

• i-arrhythmia, okanye inqanaba lentliziyo elingaqhelekanga okanye elingaqhelekanga
• Imbali yokubetha okanye ukubetha okuncinci, okwabizwa ngokuba kukuhlaselwa kweschemic okwethutyana
• iingxaki zentliziyo, kubandakanya isifo sentliziyo okanye iintlungu esifubeni
• Imbali yokufa isiqaqa ngokuphindaphindiweyo
• umkhuhlane okanye usulelo
• imeko ephazamisa amajoni akho omzimba, njenge-HIV okanye i-leukemia
• Imbali yenkukhu okanye intsholongwane yokugonya
• iingxaki zamehlo, kubandakanya imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-uveitis
• isifo seswekile
• iingxaki zokuphefumla, kubandakanya ngexesha lokulala
• iingxaki zesibindi
• igazi elonyukayo
• Iindidi zomhlaza wolusu, ngakumbi i-basal cell carcinoma okanye i-melanoma
• isifo se-thyroid
• amanqanaba asezantsi e-calcium, isodiyam, okanye i-potassium
• iceba ukukhulelwa, ukhulelwe, okanye ukuba uyancancisa

Ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi

I-Fingolimod inokusebenzisana neziyobisi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ukudibana kunokubangela iingxaki zempilo okanye kwenze ukuba ichiza lingasebenzi kakuhle.

Tshela ugqirha wakho malunga nawo onke amayeza, iivithamini, kunye nezongezelelo ozithathayo, ngakumbi ezaziwayo zisebenzisana nefingolimod. Imizekelo embalwa yala machiza ibandakanya:

• iziyobisi ezonakalisa amajoni omzimba, kubandakanya i-corticosteroids
• izitofu eziphilayo
• iziyobisi ezicothisa ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho, njenge-beta-blockers okanye i-calcium channel blockers

Thetha nogqirha wakho

Alukho unyango lwe-MS esele lufunyenwe. Ke ngoko, amayeza afana ne-fingolimod yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kunye nokulibaziseka kokukhubazeka kwabantu abane-RRMS.

Wena kunye nogqirha wakho ninokulinganisa izibonelelo ezinokubakho kunye nomngcipheko wokuthatha eli yeza. Imibuzo onokufuna ukuyibuza ugqirha ibandakanya:

• Ngaba ndisemngciphekweni omkhulu weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwifingolimod?
• Ngaba ndithatha amayeza anokusebenzisana neli chiza?
• Ngaba akhona amanye amayeza e-MS anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kum?
• Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ekufuneka ndizichaze kuwe kwangoko ukuba ndinazo?

I-Fingolimod ibisemarikeni ukusukela ngo-2010. Yayiyinyango yokuqala yomlomo ye-MS eyamkelwa yi-FDA. Ukusukela ngoko, ezinye iipilisi ezimbini zamkelwe: i-teriflunomide (Aubagio) kunye ne-dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera).