Isifo somlilo wasendle: siyintoni, iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Ukunyamekela ngexesha lonyango

Isifo somlilo wasendle, esibizwa ngokuba yipemphigus ngokwesayensi, sisifo esinqabileyo somzimba apho amajoni omzimba avelisa amajoni omzimba ahlasela kwaye atshabalalise iiseli zolusu kunye neembumba ezinjengomlomo, impumlo, umqala, okanye amalungu esini, enza iblisters okanye amanxeba abangela uvakalelo oluvuthayo. , ukutshisa kunye neentlungu, ukuxhaphaka kubantu abadala nakubantu abadala, nangona kunokwenzeka nanini na.

Iimpawu zomlilo wasendle zinokudideka kunye nezinye izifo zolusu, ezinje nge-bullous pemphigoid, lupus erythematosus kunye nesifo se-Hailey-Hailey, umzekelo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha wesikhumba okanye ugqirha jikelele kuboniswane naye ukuze kufunyaniswe isifo somlilo wasendle kwaye ke, olona nyango lufanelekileyo lunokuqaliswa ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokukhusela iingxaki.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Olona phawu luphambili lomlilo wasendle kukwakheka kwamadyungudyungu anokuqhekeka ngokulula kwaye enze amanxeba abangela ukutsha kunye nokutsha. Ngokokuvela kwamadyunguza, isifo somlilo sasendle sinokuhlelwa ngokweendidi ezimbini eziphambili:

• Vulgar umlilo wasendle okanye ipemphigus vulgaris: iqala ngamadyungudyungu emlonyeni nasemva kolusu okanye inwebu yangaphakathi efana nomqala, impumlo okanye amalungu esini, aqhele ukuba buhlungu kodwa angarhawuzeleli. Xa zivela emlonyeni okanye emqaleni zingenza kube nzima ukutya kwaye kubangele ukungondleki;
• Umlilo wasendle wasendle okanye ipemphigus foliaceus: Amadyungudyungu aqhele ukwenziwa entlonzeni, ebusweni, entanyeni, esifubeni, ngasemva okanye emagxeni, echaphazela ungqimba olungaphezulu lolusu, kwaye inokusasazeka emzimbeni wonke ibangele ukutshisa kunye nentlungu. Olu hlobo lomlilo wasendle alubangeli blister.

Ukuba iblisters ziyavela kulusu okanye kwi-mucosa engapholiyo, kubalulekile ukuba kuboniswane nodokotela wesikhumba okanye ugqirha jikelele, njengoko kunokwenzeka ukuba uvavanyo lweempawu lwenziwe kwaye kuvavanyo lwegazi kunye ne-biopsies kubonisiwe. ukufumanisa isifo somlilo wasendle. Xa umntu engonwabanga emqaleni, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba enze i-endoscopy ukuqinisekisa umlilo oqhelekileyo.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Umlilo wasendle sisifo esizenzekelayo apho amajoni omzimba asabela ngokuchasene neeseli zolusu okanye isifo se-mucosa, sihlasela kwaye sitshabalalise ezi seli ngokungathi zingaqhelekanga emzimbeni, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuveleni kwamadyungudyungu namanxeba.

Omnye unobangela womlilo wasendle, nangona unqabile ngakumbi, kukusetyenziswa kwamayeza njengezithinteli ze-angiotensin-eguqula i-enzyme okanye iipenicillin, ezinokuthi zenze ukuveliswa kwee-autoantibodies ezihlasela iiseli zolusu, ezikhokelela kuphuhliso lomlilo wasendle onamagqabi.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lomlilo wasendle lwenziwa ukulawula iimpawu, ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwamadyungudyungu kunye namanxeba, kwaye kuthintelwe iingxaki ezinjengokungondleki okanye usulelo ngokubanzi. Amayeza anokucetyiswa ngugqirha wesikhumba kunyango ngala:

• ICorticosteroids njenge-prednisone okanye i-prednisolone eyanciphisa ukudumba kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba, asetyenziswa kunyango lokuqala kunye nakwiimeko ezinobuzaza;
• Amajoni omzimba njenge-azathioprine, i-mycophenolate, i-methotrexate okanye i-cyclophosphamide, njengoko zinceda ukuthintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni ulusu okanye iiseli ezinamaqhuqhuva, kwaye zisetyenziswe kwiimeko apho i-corticosteroids ingaziphuculi iimpawu okanye kwimeko ezimodareyithayo ukuya kwezomeleleyo;
• Umzimba womntu ongena emzimbeni njenge-rituximab, esebenza ngokulawula ukungakhuseleki kunye nokunciphisa iziphumo zomzimba wokuzikhusela emzimbeni, zisetyenziswa kunye ne-corticosteroids okanye i-immunosuppressants kunyango lokuqala kwiimeko eziphakathi okanye ezinzima.

Ukongeza, ugqirha unokucebisa amanye amayeza anje ngokuthomalalisa iintlungu, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukulwa nosulelo okanye i-lozenges yomlomo.

Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwalo naliphi na iyeza bekungunobangela wokuvela kwamadyunguza, ukuyeka ukusebenzisa iyeza kunokuba kwanele ukunyanga umlilo wasendle.

Kwiimeko zokungondleki okubangelwa kukungondleki kakuhle ngenxa yamadyungudyungu kunye nezilonda emlonyeni okanye emqaleni, ukulaliswa esibhedlele kunye nonyango nge-serum kunye ne-parenteral isondlo, esinikwa ngqo emthanjeni, kunokuba yimfuneko ade umntu lowo achache.

Ukunyamekela ngexesha lonyango

Olunye uthintelo lubalulekile ngexesha lonyango ukukunceda ukuba uphinde ubuye ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuthintela ukuphindeka kweempawu:

• Khathalela amanxeba njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha okanye ngumongikazi;
• Sebenzisa isepha ethambileyo ukuhlamba umzimba ngobunono;
• Kuphephe ukubekwa elangeni, njengoko imitha ye-ultraviolet inokubangela amadyunguza amatsha avele kulusu;
• Kulumkele ukutya okunezipayisi okanye okune-asidi okunokucaphukisa amaqamza emlonyeni wakho;
• Gwema izinto ezibonakalayo ezinokulimaza ulusu lwakho, ezinje ngemidlalo yokunxibelelana.

Kwimeko apho umlilo wasendle ubangela amadyungudyungu emlonyeni athintela umntu ekuxukuxeni amazinyo okanye ekurhuqeni, kungafuneka unyango olukhethekileyo ukunqanda isifo seentsini okanye imingxunya. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba ubonane nogqirha wamazinyo ukuba ukhokelwe kwindlela yokwenza ucoceko ngomlomo, ngokobunzima betyala ngalinye.