Yintoni enokubangela ukuba omnye alibale indlela yokuginya?

Umxholo

• Ukulibala indlela yokuginya izizathu
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwengqondo
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemisipha yomlomo okanye yomlomo
• Ukuphulukana nokuphumla kwemisipha ye-sphincter (achalasia)
• Ukunciphisa i-Esophageal
• Ixhala
• Iimpawu zengxaki yokuginya
• Ukuchonga iingxaki zokuginya
• Endoscopy ephezulu, okanye i-EGD
• Imanometry
• Ukunyanzeliswa kunye novavanyo lwe-pH
• Ukuvavanywa kokugwinya kwe-barium
• I-Esophagram
• Uvavanyo lwegazi
• Ukulibala indlela yokuginya unyango
• Amayeza
• Utyando
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
• Yise kude

Ushwankathelo

Ukuginya kunokubonakala ngathi yinto elula, kodwa kubandakanya ulungelelwaniso ngononophelo lwezibini ezingama-50 zezihlunu, imithambo-luvo emininzi, ingqula (ibhokisi yelizwi) kunye nomqala wakho.

Zonke kufuneka zisebenze kunye ukuqokelela kunye nokulungisa ukutya emlonyeni, emva koko zikususe emqaleni, zingene kwi-esophagus, ziye esiswini. Oku kufuneka kwenzeke ngelixa kwangaxeshanye kuvalwa indlela yomoya ukugcina ukutya kungena kumbhobho wakho womoya. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ithuba elininzi lokungahambi kakuhle.

Iingxaki ngexesha lokuginya zinokuvela ngokukhohlela okanye ukukrwitsha ngenxa yokuba ukutya okanye ulwelo lungena kumbhobho womoya ukugqibezela ukungakwazi ukugwinya nantoni na.

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okanye inkqubo ye-nervous, njenge-stroke, okanye ukunciphisa imisipha emqaleni okanye emlonyeni kunokubangela ukuba umntu akhohlwe indlela yokugwinya. Ngamanye amaxesha, ubunzima bokuginya sisiphumo sokuvaleka emqaleni, kwi-pharynx, okanye kwisophagus, okanye ekunciphiseni i-esophagus kwenye imeko.

Ukulibala indlela yokuginya izizathu

Ixesha lonyango lobunzima ngokuginya yi-dysphagia.

Nawuphi na umba owenza buthathaka izihlunu ezahlukeneyo okanye imithambo-luvo ebandakanyekayo ekugingeni okanye kuthintele ukutya kunye nolwelo ekuhambeni ngokukhululekileyo kwi-esophagus kunokubangela iDysphagia. IDysphagia ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala.

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwengqondo

Ukonakala kwengqondo kunye nentambo yomqolo kungaphazamisa imithambo-luvo efunekayo ekuginyeni. Izizathu zibandakanya:

• ukubetha: ukuvalwa kwegazi kwingqondo elinokukhokelela kukhubazeko lwexesha elide
• ukwenzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu
• iimeko ze-neurological ezonakalisa ingqondo ngokuhamba kwexesha, njengesifo sikaParkinson, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo, isifo sikaHuntington, kunye ne-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
• ithumba lobuchopho

Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo kunye nokwehla kwengqondo okubangelwa sisifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo okanye isifo i-Alzheimer's nako kunokwenza kube nzima ukuhlafuna nokuginya.

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemisipha yomlomo okanye yomlomo

Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu emqaleni kunokuzenza buthathaka izihlunu kwaye kwenze umntu akrwitshe okanye agungqe xa eginya. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Cerebral palsy: sisifo esichaphazela ukushukuma komzimba kunye nokulungelelana
• iziphene zokuzalwa, ezinje ngenkalakahla (isithuba eluphahleni lomlomo)
• myasthenia gravis: Isifo se-neuromuscular disorder esibangela ubuthathaka kwimisipha esetyenziselwa ukuhamba; Iimpawu zibandakanya ingxaki yokuthetha, ukukhubazeka ebusweni, kunye nobunzima bokuginya
• ukwenzakala entloko okonakalisa imithambo-luvo okanye izihlunu emqaleni

Ukuphulukana nokuphumla kwemisipha ye-sphincter (achalasia)

Apho i-esophagus nesisu zidibana khona kukho umsipha obizwa ngokuba yi-lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Esi sihlunu siyakhululeka xa uginya ukuvumela ukutya kudlule. Kubantu abane-achalasia, i-LES ayiphumli.

I-Achalasia icingelwa ukuba ibangelwa yimeko yokuzimela, apho amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela ngempazamo iiseli zemithambo-luvo. Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya iintlungu emva kokutya kunye nesitshisa.

Ukunciphisa i-Esophageal

Ukonakala komqala kungakhokelela ekubunjweni kwezicubu ezibomvu. Izicubu ezibomvu zinokuwunciphisa umqala kwaye zikhokelele kwingxaki yokuginya.

Imiqathango enokubangela izicubu ezibomvu zibandakanya:

• i-acid reflux: xa isisu esiswini siphuma sibuyele kwi-esophagus, sibangela iimpawu ezifana nokuqaqamba kwentliziyo, iintlungu zesisu, kunye nengxaki yokuginya
• isifo se-reflux sesifo se-gastroesophageal (GERD): eyona ndlela inobuzaza nengapheliyo ye-asidi ye-asidi; ixesha elingaphezulu kunokubangela ukuba izicwili ezinqabileyo zenze okanye ukuvuvukala komqala (esophagitis)
• Usulelo olunjenge-herpes esophagitis, i-herpes simplex labialis, okanye i-mononucleosis
• unyango lwemitha esifubeni okanye entanyeni
• umonakalo ovela kwi-endoscope (ityhubhu eqhotyoshelwe kwikhamera esetyenziselwa ukujonga ngaphakathi komzimba) okanye ityhubhu ye-nasogastric (ityhubhu ethwala ukutya kunye namayeza esiya esiswini ngeempumlo)
• scleroderma: sisifo apho amajoni omzimba ahlasela ngempazamo i-esophagus

I-esophagus inokuncitshiswa kukuvaleka okanye ukukhula okungaqhelekanga. Izizathu zoku zibandakanya:

• amathumba kumqala
• i-goiter: ukwandiswa kwe-thyroid gland; i-goiter enkulu inokubeka uxinzelelo kwi-esophagus kwaye ikhokelele kubunzima bokuginya okanye ukuphefumla, kunye nokukhohlela kunye nokudakumba
• ukutya okuncamathele emqaleni okanye kumqala okungahlanjwa ngamanzi. Le yimeko yongxamiseko kwezonyango.

Ixhala

Ixhala okanye uloyiko lunokubangela ukuziva uxinekile okanye iqhuma emqaleni okanye ulusu lokuminxeka. Oku kunokwenza okwethutyana kube nzima ukuginya. Ezinye iimpawu zoxinzelelo zibandakanya:

• uvalo
• iimvakalelo zengozi, ukuphakuzela, okanye uloyiko
• ukubila
• ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza

Iimpawu zengxaki yokuginya

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unengxaki yokuginya, kukho iimpawu ezithile ekufuneka ujonge kuzo. Unokuba nobunzima bokuginya ngokupheleleyo okanye ubunzima bokuginya okuqinileyo, ulwelo, okanye amathe.

Ezinye iimpawu zengxaki yokuginya zibandakanya:

• ukuvuza amathe
• Ndiva ngathi kukho into efakwe emqaleni
• uxinzelelo entanyeni okanye esifubeni
• ukuphinda uhlaziyeke rhoqo ngexesha lokutya
• isicaphucaphu
• isilungulela
• ukukhohlela okanye ukukrwitsha xa uginya
• intlungu xa uginya (odynophagia)
• ubunzima bokuhlafuna
• ukunciphisa umzimba ngempazamo
• umqala obuhkungu
• Ukugquma kwelizwi lakho
• kufuneka usike ukutya kwiziqwenga ezincinci ukuze ukuhlafune kwaye ukuginye

Ukuchonga iingxaki zokuginya

Emva kokuthatha imbali yezonyango kunye neyosapho, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ukuze afumanise ukuba ngaba ikhona into ethintela umqala okanye ukuba unayo nayiphi na ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo okanye iingxaki zemisipha esemqaleni wakho.

Olunye uvavanyo olunokuyalelwa ngugqirha lubandakanya:

Endoscopy ephezulu, okanye i-EGD

I-endoscope yityhubhu eguqukayo enekhamera esiphelweni efakwe emlonyeni nangaphaya komqala ukuya esiswini. Ngexesha le-endoscopy, ugqirha uyakwazi ukujonga ngolu hlobo utshintsho kwi-esophagus, njengezicubu ezibomvu, okanye ukuvimba ngaphakathi komqala kunye nomqala.

Imanometry

Uvavanyo lwe-manometry lujonga uxinzelelo lwezihlunu emqaleni wakho xa uginya usebenzisa ityhubhu ekhethekileyo edityaniswe nesishicileli soxinzelelo.

Ukunyanzeliswa kunye novavanyo lwe-pH

Uvavanyo lwe-pH / i-impedance lilinganisela inani le-asidi kwisisu ngaphezulu kwexesha (ngesiqhelo iiyure ezingama-24). Inokukunceda ukufumanisa imeko ezinje ngeGERD.

Ukuvavanywa kokugwinya kwe-barium

Ngexesha lale nkqubo, uya kudla ukutya okwahlukeneyo kunye nolwelo olubotshwe kwi-barium ngelixa imifanekiso ye-X-ray ithathwa kwi-oropharynx. Ulwimi oluthetha isifo luza kufumanisa ubunzima bokugwinya.

I-Esophagram

Ngexesha lale nkqubo, uya kuginya ulwelo okanye ipilisi equkethe i-barium, ebonisa i-X-ray. Ugqirha uza kujonga imifanekiso yeX-reyi njengoko uginya ukubona indlela esebenza ngayo umqala.

Uvavanyo lwegazi

Ugqirha wakho angayalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukuba ajonge ezinye iingxaki ezinokubangela iingxaki zokuginya okanye aqiniseke ukuba awunazo naziphi na iziphene zesondlo.

Ukulibala indlela yokuginya unyango

Unyango lweengxaki zokuginya luxhomekeke kwisizathu esingunobangela. Uninzi lweengxaki zinokulawulwa ngokubona ugqirha wezifo zentetho, ugqirha wemithambo-luvo, ugqirha otya ukutya, isisu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wotyando.

Amayeza

I-Acid reflux kunye ne-GERD zihlala ziphathwa ngamayeza anjenge-proton-pump inhibitors (PPI). Imiba yokuginya ebangelwa luxinzelelo inokunyangwa ngamayeza okulwa noxinzelelo.

I-Achalasia ngamanye amaxesha inokunyangwa ngenaliti ye-botulinum toxin (Botox) yokuphumla izihlunu ze-sphincter. Amanye amayeza, anjenge-nitrate kunye ne-calcium block blockers, anokunceda ukukhulula i-LES.

Utyando

Ugqirha unokunceda ukwandisa indawo encinci ye-esophagus ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-esophageal dilation. Ibhaluni encinci inomoya ngaphakathi komqala ukuyenza banzi. Ibhaluni ke iyasuswa.

Utyando lunokwenziwa ukuze kususwe ithumba okanye izicwili ezibomvu ezithintela okanye zinciphise umqala.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Ukuba imiba yakho yokuginya ibangelwa kukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo, njengesifo sika-Parkinson, kusenokufuneka ufunde iindlela ezintsha zokuhlafuna kunye nokuginya. Ulwimi oluthetha ngesifo sengqondo lunokucebisa utshintsho lokutya, ukuginya ukuzivocavoca kunye nokulungiswa kwangasemva kokutya ngelixa usitya.

Ukuba iimpawu zinzima kwaye awukwazi ukutya okanye ukusela ngokwaneleyo, unokufuna ityhubhu yokondla. Umbhobho wePEG ufakwa ngqo esiswini ngodonga lwesisu.

Yise kude

Isizathu esiqhelekileyo seengxaki zokuginya kukubetha, kodwa zininzi ezinye iimeko ezinokwenza ukuginya kube nzima. Ukuba unengxaki yokuginya, okanye uhlala uhlaziya, ukrwitsha, okanye ukugabha emva kokuginya, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuze afumane unobangela kwaye ufumane unyango.

Imicimbi yokuginya inokukhokelela ekumeleni. Ukuba ukutya okanye ulwelo lungena kwindlela yakho yomoya, kunokubangela imeko esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-aspiration pneumonia. Ukuginya iingxaki kunokubangela ukungondleki kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Ukuba awukwazi ukuginya kuba uziva ngathi ukutya kubambeke emqaleni okanye esifubeni, okanye ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, yiya kwisebe lezongxamiseko elikufutshane.