Umhlaza wesisu (Gastric Adenocarcinoma)

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela umhlaza wesisu?
• Imingcipheko yomhlaza wesisu
• Iimpawu zomhlaza wesisu
• Kufunyaniswa njani?
• Ukunyanga umhlaza wesisu
• Ukuthintela umhlaza wesisu
• Umbono wexesha elide

Yintoni umhlaza wesisu?

Umhlaza wesisu ubonakaliswa kukukhula kweeseli ezinomhlaza ngaphakathi kwesisu sesisu. Ikwabizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wesisu, olu hlobo lomhlaza kunzima ukulufumanisa kuba uninzi lwabantu alubonakalisi zimpawu kumanqanaba okuqala.

I-National Cancer Institute (i-NCI) ​​iqikelela ukuba kuya kubakho malunga ne-28,000 yamatyala amatsha omhlaza wesisu kwi-2017. I-NCI ikwaqikelela ukuba umhlaza wesisu yi-1.7 yepesenti yamatyala amatsha omhlaza e-United States.

Ngelixa umhlaza wesisu unqabile ngokuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, enye yeengozi ezinkulu zesi sifo bubunzima bokusiqonda. Kuba umhlaza wesisu uhlala ungabangi naziphi na iimpawu zakuqala, uhlala ungafunyanwa kude kube emva kokuba usasazekile kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima ngakumbi ukunyanga.

Nangona umhlaza wesisu kunokuba nzima ukuwuchonga nokunyanga, kubalulekile ukufumana ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze ubethe isifo.

Yintoni ebangela umhlaza wesisu?

Isisu sakho (kunye nomqala) yinxalenye enye yecandelo eliphezulu lendlela yokugaya ukutya. Isisu sakho sinoxanduva lokucola ukutya emva koko sihambise izondlo kuwo onke amalungu omzimba wokugaya, angala amathumbu amancinci kunye amakhulu.

Umhlaza wesisu wenzeka xa iiseli eziqhelekileyo ezisempilweni kwinkqubo yokugaya ephezulu iba ngumhlaza kwaye zikhule zingalawuleki, zenze ithumba. Le nkqubo yenzeka kancinci. Umhlaza wesisu uhlala ukhula ngaphezulu kweminyaka.

Imingcipheko yomhlaza wesisu

Umhlaza wesisu unxulunyaniswe ngqo nethumba esiswini. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezinokuthi zonyuse umngcipheko wokukhula kwezi seli zinomhlaza. Ezi zinto zibeka emngciphekweni zibandakanya izifo kunye neemeko ezithile, ezinje:

• i-lymphoma (iqela lomhlaza wegazi)
• H. pylori Usulelo lwebhakteria (isifo esiswini esisulelo esinokuthi ngamanye amaxesha sikhokelele kwizilonda)
• amathumba kwamanye amalungu enkqubo yokwetyisa
• iipolyps zesisu (ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweethishu ezenza ubume besisu)

Umhlaza wesisu uxhaphake kakhulu phakathi:

• Abantu abadala abadala, bahlala bengabantu abaneminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu
• amadoda
• abatshayayo
• abantu abanembali yosapho yesi sifo
• abantu baseAsia (ngakumbi amaKorea okanye amaJapan), uMzantsi Melika, okanye imvelaphi yaseBelarusian

Ngelixa imbali yakho yezonyango inokuchaphazela umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesisu, izinto ezithile zokuphila zinokudlala indima. Unokuba sesichengeni sokuba nomhlaza wesisu ukuba:

• yitya ukutya okunetyiwa okuninzi okanye okucoliweyo
• yitya inyama kakhulu
• Unembali yokusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala
• musa ukwenza umthambo
• sukugcina okanye upheke ukutya ngokufanelekileyo

Unokufuna ukuqaphela ukufumana uvavanyo lokuvavanywa ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba usemngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa ngumhlaza wesisu. Uvavanyo lokuhlola luyenziwa xa abantu besemngciphekweni wezifo ezithile kodwa bengazibonakalisi iimpawu okwangoku.

Iimpawu zomhlaza wesisu

Ngokuka, akukho zimpawu zokuqala okanye iimpawu zomhlaza wesisu. Ngelishwa, oku kuthetha ukuba abantu bahlala bengazi ukuba akukho nto iphosakeleyo de umhlaza ufikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu.

Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wesisu esisezantsi zezi:

• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• ukutsha rhoqo
• ukulahleka kwesidlo, ngamanye amaxesha kuhamba kunye nokulahleka kwesisindo ngokukhawuleza
• Ukuqunjelwa rhoqo
• ukoneliseka kwangoko (ukuziva ugcwele emva kokutya isixa esincinci kuphela)
• ilindle elinegazi
• inyongo
• ukudinwa kakhulu
• isisu esibuhlungu, esinokuba sibi emva kokutya

Kufunyaniswa njani?

Kuba abantu abanomhlaza wesisu kunqabile ukuba babonakalise iimpawu kumanqanaba okuqala, isifo kaninzi asifumaneki de sibe sihambele phambili.

Ukwenza uxilongo, ugqirha wakho uya kuqala enze uvavanyo lomzimba ukukhangela nakuphi na ukungaqheleki. Banokuyalela ukuba kuvavanywe igazi, kubandakanya novavanyo lobukho be H. pylori iintsholongwane.

Olunye uvavanyo lokuqonda kuya kufuneka lwenziwe ukuba ugqirha wakho ukholelwa ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zomhlaza wesisu. Uvavanyo lokuchonga lujonga ngokuthe ngqo amathumba akrokrelwayo kunye nokunye okungahambi kakuhle esiswini nakwindawo yokuma. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• i-endoscopy ephezulu yesisu
• i-biopsy
• iimvavanyo zokucinga, ezinje nge-CT scan kunye neX-ray

Ukunyanga umhlaza wesisu

Ngokwesiko, umhlaza wesisu uphathwa ngento enye okanye nangaphezulu:

• ichemotherapy
• unyango lwemitha
• utyando
• i-immunotherapy, enje ngezitofu zokugonya kunye namayeza

Isicwangciso sakho sonyango ngqo siya kuxhomekeka kwimvelaphi nakwinqanaba lomhlaza. Ubudala kunye nempilo iyonke inokudlala indima.

Ngaphandle kokunyanga iiseli zomhlaza esiswini, injongo yonyango kukuthintela iiseli ukuba zisasazeke. Umhlaza wesisu, xa ungashiywanga unganyangwa, unokusasazeka kwi:

• imiphunga
• ithumba
• amathambo
• isibindi

Ukuthintela umhlaza wesisu

Umhlaza wesisu uwodwa awunakuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, unokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa konke Umhlaza ngu:

• ukugcina ubunzima obunempilo
• ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, okunamafutha asezantsi
• ukuyeka ukutshaya
• ukuzilolonga rhoqo

Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha banokuyalela amayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza esiswini. Oku kuhlala kwenzelwa abantu abanezinye izifo ezinokuba negalelo kumhlaza.

Unokufuna ukuqaphela ukufumana uvavanyo lokuvavanywa kwangoko. Olu vavanyo lunokuba luncedo ekufumaneni umhlaza wesisu. Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa enye yezi mvavanyo zilandelayo ukujonga iimpawu zomhlaza wesisu:

• uvavanyo lomzimba
• iimvavanyo zelebhu, ezinje ngegazi kunye nomchamo
• iinkqubo zokucinga, ezinje ngeX-reyi kunye neCT scan
• iimvavanyo zofuzo

Umbono wexesha elide

Amathuba akho okuchacha angcono ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ngokutsho kwe-NCI, malunga neepesenti ezingama-30 zabo bonke abantu abanomdlavuza wesisu baphila ubuncinci kwiminyaka emihlanu emva kokufunyaniswa.

Uninzi lwaba basindileyo banokuchongwa kwindawo. Oku kuthetha ukuba isisu yayisisiseko sokuqala somhlaza. Xa imvelaphi ingaziwa, kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa isifo somhlaza. Oku kwenza ukuba umhlaza ube nzima ukunyangwa.

Kwakhona kunzima ngakumbi ukunyanga umhlaza wesisu wakuba nje ufikelele kumanqanaba akutshanje. Ukuba umhlaza wakho uhambele phambili, unokufuna ukuthathela inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Uvavanyo lwezonyango lunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ngaba inkqubo entsha yonyango, isixhobo, okanye olunye unyango luyasebenza na kunyango lwezifo ezithile kunye neemeko ezithile. Uyabona ukuba lukhona na uvavanyo lwezonyango kunyango lomhlaza esiswini kwi.

Iwebhsayithi kufuneka ikuncede kunye nabantu obathandayo ukuba bajongane nokuxilongwa komhlaza esiswini kunye nonyango olulandelayo.