Isifo seswekile

Umxholo

• Yintoni isifo seswekile?
• Zithini iimpawu zesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?
• Yintoni ebangela isifo seswekile?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?
• Sichongwa njani isifo seswekile?
• Uvavanyo lomngeni weGlucose
• Uvavanyo lwenyathelo elinye
• Uvavanyo olunemigangatho emibini
• Ngaba kufanelekile ukuba ndikhathazeke ngohlobo lwesifo seswekile?
• Ngaba kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?
• Sinyangwa njani isifo seswekile?
• Yintoni endiyityayo xa ndinesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?
• IiCarbohydrate
• Iiproteni
• Amafutha
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinxulunyaniswa nesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?
• Ithini imbonakalo yeswekile yokukhulelwa?
• Ngaba sinokuthintelwa isifo seswekile?

Yintoni isifo seswekile?

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, abanye abantu basetyhini bakhula amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile yegazi. Le meko yaziwa ngokuba sisifo seswekile seswekile (GDM) okanye isifo seswekile. Isifo seswekile sikamama ngokukhula phakathi kweeveki ezingama-24 nama-28 zokukhulelwa.

Ngokutsho kwamaZiko okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo, kuqikelelwa ukuba kwenzeka kwiipesenti ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-10 zokukhulelwa eUnited States.

Ukuba uhlakulela isifo seswekile xa ukhulelwe, oko akuthethi ukuba unesifo seswekile ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe okanye uya kuba naso emva koko. Kodwa isifo seswekile sikukuphakamisa umngcipheko wokukhulisa uhlobo lweswekile yesibini kwixa elizayo.

Ukuba alulawulwa kakuhle, inokuphakamisa nomngcipheko womntwana wakho wokuhlaselwa sisifo seswekile kunye nokwandisa umngcipheko weengxaki kuwe nakumntwana wakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa nokubeleka.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?

Inqabile into yokuba isifo seswekile sikhulelwe sibangele iimpawu. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu, baya kuba nobumnene. Banokubandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ukungaboni kakuhle
• ukunxanwa ngokugqithiseleyo
• ukufuna kakhulu ukuchama
• erhona

Yintoni ebangela isifo seswekile?

Oyena nobangela wesifo seswekile awukaziwa, kodwa iihormoni zinokudlala indima. Xa ukhulelwe, umzimba wakho uvelisa izixa ezikhulu zehomoni, kubandakanya:

• I-lactogen yendawo yokuhlala yabantu (hPL)
• iihormone ezonyusa ukumelana ne-insulin

Ezi hormone zichaphazela i-placenta yakho kwaye zinceda ukugcina ukukhulelwa kwakho. Ixesha elingaphezulu, inani lezi hormone emzimbeni wakho liyanda. Banokuqala ukwenza ukuba umzimba wakho umelane ne-insulin, ihomoni elawula iswekile yegazi lakho.

I-insulin inceda ukukhupha iswekile egazini lakho iye kwiiseli zakho, apho isetyenziselwa khona amandla. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umzimba wakho ngokwendalo uye uthintele i-insulin kancinci, ukuze iswekile eninzi ifumaneke kumjelo wegazi lakho ukuze udluliselwe emntwaneni. Ukuba ukunganyangeki kwe-insulin kuyaqina, amanqanaba eglucose egazini anokunyuka ngokungaqhelekanga. Oku kunokubangela isifo seswekile.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?

Usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhulisa isifo seswekile ukuba:

• bangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-25 ubudala
• ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi
• inembali yosapho yeswekile
• wawutyebe kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe
• uzuze ubunzima obukhulu kunesiqhelo ngelixa ukhulelwe
• balindele iintsana ezininzi
• ukhe wazala umntwana onobunzima obungaphezulu kweepawundi ezili-9
• ndikhe ndanesifo seswekile ngaphambili
• ukuphuphuma kwesisu okungachazwanga okanye ukuzalwa komntwana oswelekileyo
• Kube kwii-glucocorticoids
• une-polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS), i-acanthosis nigricans, okanye ezinye iimeko ezinxulunyaniswa ne-insulin
• ndinamaAfrika, amaMerika Omthonyama, iAsia, isiQithi sePasifiki, okanye inzala yamaSpanish

Sichongwa njani isifo seswekile?

Umbutho we-American Diabetes Association (ADA) ukhuthaza oogqirha ukuba bahlole rhoqo abafazi abakhulelweyo ngeempawu zesifo seswekile. Ukuba awunayo imbali eyaziwayo yeswekile kunye namanqanaba esiqhelo eswekile yegazi ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kwakho, ugqirha wakho uya kukujonga kwisifo seswekile sokukhulelwa xa uneeveki ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-28 ukhulelwe.

Uvavanyo lomngeni weGlucose

Abanye oogqirha bangaqala ngovavanyo lomngeni we-glucose. Akukho lungiselelo lufunekayo kolu vavanyo.

Uya kusela isisombululo se-glucose. Emva kweyure enye, uyakufumana uvavanyo lwegazi. Ukuba inqanaba leswekile esegazini lakho liphezulu, ugqirha wakho unokwenza iiyure ezintathu zokuvavanya ukunyamezelwa kweswekile yomlomo. Oku kuthathwa njengokuvavanywa kwamanyathelo amabini.

Abanye oogqirha banqumle uvavanyo lomngeni we-glucose ngokupheleleyo kwaye benze uvavanyo lwe-glucose lokunyamezela iiyure ezimbini. Oku kuthathwa njengokuvavanya inyathelo elinye.

Uvavanyo lwenyathelo elinye

1. Ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ngokuvavanya amanqanaba eswekile yegazi lakho.
2. Baza kukucela ukuba usele isisombululo esinee-gram ezingama-75 (g) zee-carbohydrate.
3. Baza kuvavanya kwakhona amanqanaba eswekile yegazi lakho emva kweyure enye kunye neeyure ezimbini.

Banokukuchonga isifo seswekile ukuba unezi zinto zilandelayo:

• ukuzila kwenqanaba leswekile yegazi elingaphezulu okanye elilingana nee-milligram ezingama-92 ngedesilitha nganye (mg / dL)
• iyure enye inqanaba leswekile yegazi elingaphezulu okanye elilinganayo ne-180 mg / dL
• Iiyure ezimbini zeswekile yegazi kwinqanaba elingaphezulu okanye elilingana ne-153 mg / dL

Uvavanyo olunemigangatho emibini

1. Kuvavanyo lwamanyathelo amabini, awuzukufuna ukuzila ukutya.
2. Bayakukucela ukuba usele isisombululo esine-50 g yeswekile.
3. Baza kuvavanya iswekile yegazi lakho emva kweyure enye.

Ukuba ngelo xesha inqanaba leswekile yegazi lakho likhulu okanye lilingana ne-130 mg / dL okanye i-140 mg / dL, baya kuqhuba uvavanyo lwesibini olulandelayo ngolunye usuku. Umqobo wokumisela oku ugqitywe ngugqirha wakho.

1. Ngexesha lovavanyo lwesibini, ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ngokuvavanya inqanaba leswekile yegazi lakho.
2. Bayakukucela ukuba usele isisombululo nge-100 g yeswekile kuyo.
3. Baza kuvavanya iswekile yegazi lakho emva kweyure, ezimbini, kunye neeyure ezintathu.

Banokukuchonga isifo seswekile ukuba ubunamabini amaxabiso alandelayo:

• ukuzila kwenqanaba leswekile yegazi elingaphezulu okanye elilinganayo ne-95 mg / dL okanye i-105 mg / dL
• iyure enye inqanaba leswekile yegazi elingaphezulu okanye elilinganayo ne-180 mg / dL okanye i-190 mg / dL
• iiyure ezimbini zeswekile esegazini inkulu kune okanye ilingana ne-155 mg / dL okanye i-165 mg / dL
• iiyure ezintathu zeswekile esegazini inkulu kune okanye ilingana ne-140 mg / dL okanye i-145 mg / dL

Ngaba kufanelekile ukuba ndikhathazeke ngohlobo lwesifo seswekile?

I-ADA ikwakhuthaza oogqirha ukuba bahlolisise abasetyhini ngohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Ukuba unemingcipheko yohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, ugqirha wakho uya kukuvavanya imeko leyo kutyelelo lwakho lokuqala lokubeleka.

Le micimbi iquka:

• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukuhlala phantsi
• ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi
• ukuba neqondo eliphantsi le-cholesterol elungileyo (HDL) egazini lakho
• ukuba namanqanaba aphezulu e-triglycerides egazini lakho
• ukuba nembali yosapho yeswekile
• ukuba nembali edlulileyo yesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, i-prediabetes, okanye iimpawu zokumelana ne-insulin
• ukubeleka umntwana ngaphambili owayenobunzima obungaphezulu kweepawundi ezili-9
• Ukuba ngowamaAfrika, amaMelika aseMelika, iAsia, isiQithi sePasifiki, okanye inzala yamaSpanishi

Ngaba kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?

Isifo seswekile esibelekweni sahlulwe saziindidi ezimbini.

Iklasi A1 isetyenziselwa ukuchaza isifo seswekile esinokulawulwa ngokutya kuphela. Abantu abaneklasi ye-A2 yesifo seswekile baya kufuna i-insulin okanye amayeza omlomo ukulawula imeko yabo.

Sinyangwa njani isifo seswekile?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, isicwangciso sakho sonyango siya kuxhomekeka kumanqanaba eswekile yegazi imini yonke.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba uvavanye iswekile yegazi ngaphambi nasemva kokutya, kwaye ulawule imeko yakho ngokutya usempilweni kwaye uzilolonge rhoqo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, banokongeza iinaliti ze-insulin xa kufuneka njalo. Ngokwe-Mayo Clinic, kuphela li-10 ukuya kuma-20 eepesenti yabasetyhini abanesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa abafuna i-insulin yokunceda ukulawula iswekile yegazi.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho uyakukhuthaza ukuba ubeke esweni amanqanaba eswekile yegazi lakho, banokubonelela ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo sokujonga iswekile.

Banokukuyalela inaliti ye-insulin de ubeleke. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nexesha elifanelekileyo lokutofa i-insulin ngokunxulumene nokutya kunye nokuzilolonga ukuthintela iswekile esezantsi yegazi.

Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ukuba wenzeni ukuba amazinga eswekile egazini lakho awe phantsi kakhulu okanye ahlala engaphezulu ngokufuthi kunokuba kufanelekile.

Yintoni endiyityayo xa ndinesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?

Ukutya okunokulinganisela kubalulekile ekulawuleni ngokufanelekileyo isifo seswekile. Ngokukodwa, abasetyhini abanesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa kufuneka banike ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwi-carbohydrate yabo, iiprotein, kunye nokutya okunamafutha.

Ukutya rhoqo-rhoqo rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini-kunokukunceda ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

IiCarbohydrate

Ukwahlula ngokuchanekileyo ukutya okune-carbohydrate kuya kunceda ukuthintela i-spikes egazini.

Ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda ubone ukuba zingaphi iikhabhohayidrethi ekufuneka uzitya ngosuku ngalunye. Banokucebisa ukuba ubone ugqirha wezidlo obhalisiweyo ukukunceda kwizicwangciso zokutya.

Ukukhetha okunempilo kwe-carbohydrate kubandakanya:

• amazimba
• irayisi emdaka
• iimbotyi, ii-ertyisi, ilentile, kunye nezinye iimbotyi
• imifuno yesitatshi
• iziqhamo ezineswekile ephantsi

Iiproteni

Abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka batye iiprotein ezimbini ngosuku. Imithombo elungileyo yeprotheni ibandakanya inyama ecekeceke kunye neenkukhu, intlanzi kunye ne tofu.

Amafutha

Amafutha asempilweni okubandakanya ukutya kwakho kubandakanya amandongomane angenatyuwa, iimbewu, ioyile yomnquma, kunye neavokhado. Fumana iingcebiso ezingaphezulu malunga nento yokutya-kwaye uphephe- ukuba unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinxulunyaniswa nesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?

Ukuba isifo sakho seswekile asilawulwa kakuhle, amanqanaba eswekile yegazi anokuhlala ephezulu kunokuba kufanelekile xa ukhulelwe. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki kwaye kuchaphazele impilo yomntwana wakho. Umzekelo, xa umntwana wakho ezelwe, unokuba:

• ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphezulu
• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• iswekile esezantsi yegazi
• igxalaba ledystocia, elibangela ukuba amagxa abo abambeke kumjelo wokuzalwa ngexesha lokubeleka

Banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nesifo seswekile kamva ebomini. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amanyathelo okulawula isifo sakho seswekile ngokulandela isicwangciso sonyango esinconyelwe ngugqirha.

Ithini imbonakalo yeswekile yokukhulelwa?

Iswekile yegazi lakho kufuneka ibuyele esiqhelweni emva kokuba ubelekile. Kodwa ukuphuhlisa isifo seswekile kuphakamisa umngcipheko wohlobo lweswekile yesi-2 kamva ebomini. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ungawunciphisa njani umngcipheko wokukhula kwezi meko kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nazo.

Ngaba sinokuthintelwa isifo seswekile?

Akunakwenzeka ukuthintela isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukwamkela imikhwa esempilweni kunokunciphisa amathuba okuphuhlisa imeko.

Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye unenye yezinto ezinobungozi kwisifo seswekile, zama ukutya ukutya okusempilweni kwaye uzilolonge rhoqo. Nokuba imisebenzi elula, njengokuhamba, inokuba luncedo.

Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa kungekudala kwaye ukhuluphele, enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo onokuzenza kukusebenza nogqirha wakho ukunciphisa umzimba. Nokuba ukuphulukana nenani elincinci lobunzima kunokukunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile.

Funda eli nqaku ngeSpanish.